Algorithm for Harmonic Tidal Analysis along T/P Tracks： Taking Differences of Observed Sea Surface Heights at Adjacent Points as Observations

An algorithm （differential mode） is presented for the improvement of harmonic tidal analysis along T/P tracks, in which the differences between the observed sea surface heights at adjacent points are taken as observations. Also, the observation equations are constrained with the results of the crossover analysis; the parameter estimations are performed at 0.1° latitude intervals by the least squares. Cycle 10 to 330 T/P altimeter data covering the China Sea and the Northwest Pacific Ocean （2°-50° N,105°-150° E） are adopted for a refined along-track harmonic tidal analysis, and harmonic constants of 12 constituents in 8 474 points are obtained, which indicates that the algorithm can efficiently remove non-tidal effects in the altimeter observations, and improve the precision of tide parameters. Moreover, parameters along altimetry tracks represent a smoother distribution than those obtained by traditional algorithms. The root mean squares of the fitting errors between the tidal height model and the observations reduce from 11 cm to 1.3 cm.     

汶川地震灾区无人机遥感影像获取与可视化管理系统研究

介绍无人机遥感影像获取、纠正、配准及可视化管理的关键技术与系统研发.论文设计无人机影像获取及三维可视化管理系统的框架结构,包括航迹规划、无人机影像获取、影像预处理及三维可视化4个子系统;讨论了基于高分辨率遥感影像的无人机影像配准、无人机影像的空间索引管理、基于四叉树的影像金字塔及细节层次模型等关键技术.基于自主研发的虚拟地理环境数字地球平台(VGE-3DGJobeEanh),构建了汶川地震应急三维可视化遥感影像管理系统,在"5·12"汶川地震的救援与次生灾害应急中进行了实践应用.同时该系统可继续服务于汶川地震灾后重建的信息共享管理、发布以及空间决策支持.     

浅析房产面积测算的工作程序和技术要领

房产面积测量环节多、要求高、政策性强。如何正确地理解《规范》的原则,细化成具有可操作性的工作细则,形成连贯、协调的程序,提高工作效率,保证测绘质量,完善房产管理,是测绘学科中的一项重要课题。本文在这方面进行了一些探讨和总结。     

上海市城市网格化管理的技术实现

城市网格化管理采用数字化网格管理的模式,本文阐述了上海市城市网格化管理的技术实现过程。     

应用Supernatural GIS进行3维城市数据分区管理的方法研究

探讨了3维城市数据管理的有关问题,基于3维GIS软件Supernatural GIS研究了3维城市模型大场景海量数据的分区管理、动态调度和快速显示问题,提出了应用Supernatural GIS实现城市3维可视化及大范围城市景观动态漫游的解决方案。     

一种基于人工免疫的图像分割算法

图像二维熵分割,一直因耗时长而限制了实际应用。本文借鉴生物免疫思想,提出二维熵图像分割的人工免疫算法。在克隆选择算法中引入疫苗的免疫接种,用于优化最优分割阈值对的搜索过程。在遥感高分辨率图像上的实验显示,该算法不仅能准确搜索到最优阈值对,而且计算时间只有传统算法的1.8%。该算法也验证了人工免疫思想用于图像分割的可行性和有效性。     

荆江河道GPS与全站仪边长及方向改化

在区域范围较大的工程测量中,需对方向和边长观测值作归化改正和投影改正,但这一点常被许多测绘工作者忽略,因而造成不能对工程测量的结果加以正确的处理,甚至怀疑观测精度不够,还需加以复测,这给工程的进度造成了不良影响。以在荆江河段河道演变监测控制测量中对方向和边长观测值作归化改正和投影改正为例,阐述了边长及方向归化改正的具体方法及改化过程,通过改化计算,同时也说明全站仪导线边长测量成果经改化后能满足后续工程勘测精度的要求。     

基于模糊推理的空间聚类方法研究

提出了基于模糊推理的空间聚类方法,给出了其实现步骤,并以实例验证了其可行性和科学性。     

Contribution of new AAM data source to δLOD excitation

Data sets of the changes of the length of day (ΔLOD) measured by space geodetic techniques and of the atmospheric angular momentum (AAM) derived from global meteorological data by the National Meteorological Center (NMC) and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) are used to reanalyze and study the excitations of ΔLOD, and to examine and compare the contribution of each AAM series to ΔLOD. The main results are as follows. 1. The AAM reanalyzed with the assimilated global meteorological data by NCEP/NCAR are more accurate and have lower noise than the original AAM derived by NMC. The NCEP/NCAR-based AAM is more consistent with the changes of the length-of-day series. 2. The NCEP reanalysed AAM data may better explain the non-tidal LOD variations on intraseasonal to interannual time scales, especially on the quasi-biennial time scale. The atmosphere cannot, however, explain all LOD variations; other excitation sources are possible. 3. The effects of atmosphere on the estimated values of tides for ΔLOD components up to a month are weak. The preliminary results of the annual and semiannual tides can be estimated after removing the effects of atmosphere from ΔLOD. Received: 27 May 1998 / Accepted: 22 March 1999     

方差-协方差分量估计公式等价性的进一步证明

通过附有条件的间接平差模型进一步证明各类方差-协方差分量估计公式之间的等价性。