南京汤山洞穴石笋稳定同位素指示的气候与环境意义

对南京汤山葫芦洞南壁钙板上一支长８２ｍｍ石笋进行了高精度热电离质谱（ＴＩＭＳ）定年及氧碳同位素分析。结果表明,该支短石笋生长时段长达３００ｋａ左或（距今４６３～１５９ｋａ）,其底部年龄进一步证实南京直立人生存时代早于４５０ｋａＢＰ。δ＾１３Ｃ值在ＭＩＳ６／７界线上的显著漂移揭示了一次土壤侵蚀事件,结束了洞穴文化层的堆积历史。     

遥感技术在“一张图”实施监督系统中的应用

结合国土空间规划“一张图”实施监督信息系统的开发,详细阐述了卫星遥感技术在规划实施评估、国土空间开发适宜性评价和规划监测预警这几个模块中的应用案例,对应用的内容、方法及效果进行了总结和探讨。分析表明,遥感技术能为国土空间规划“一张图”提供众多的基础数据,对于评估城市发展动态、合理规划城市用地具有非常重要的作用。     

Formation Conditions and Sedimentary Model of Over-Flooding Lake Deltas within Continental Lake Basins: An Example from the Paleogene in the Jiyang Subbasin, Bohai Bay Basin

A large quantity of drilling core, paleontology, geochemistry and geophysics data revealed several features of the Jiyang subbasin during the deposition of the Ek1-Es4 x members:(1) the paleotopography of the gentle slope belt had an extremely low gradient;(2) the paleoclimate frequently alternated between dry and wet periods in a generally arid setting;(3) there was strong weathering around the periphery of the basin;(4) the lake was very shallow;(5) the lake level frequently rose and fell; and(6) the sedimentary environment of the gentle slope belt was an overflooding lake. All of these factors provided favorable geological conditions for the development of an over-flooding lake delta. The lithologies of the continental over-flooding lake delta deposits are complex and diverse. The compositional maturity is moderate to low, and the grain size distribution curves and sedimentary structures indicate the presence of both gravity and traction currents. The sedimentary microfacies associations consist of a combination of ordered superposition of flood channels, distributary channels and sheet sands. The delta exhibits a weak foreset seismic reflection. The over-flooding lake delta deposits are laterally extensive. The sandstone content is high, and the individual sandstone beds are thin. The flood channel and distributary channel deposits exhibit evidence of bifurcation and lateral migration. The distribution of the sandbodies and the oxidation color of the mudstones provide evidence of cyclic deposition. The paleoclimate was the dominant factor controlling the development of the over-flooding lake delta. Due to the frequently alternating wet and dry paleoclimates, the over-flooding lake delta is characterized by the development of a broad upper plain and a lower delta plain. The upper delta plain is characterized by flood channel deposits, whereas the lower delta plain is represented by distributary channel deposits. The transition zone is characterized by the interaction of flood channels and distributary channels. Due to fault activity, the sandbodies of the over-flooding lake delta were juxtaposed against hydrocarbon source rocks, which was favorable for the development of lithologic reservoirs or structural-lithologic reservoirs. The lower delta plain deposits comprise the most favorable reservoirs.     

神农架石笋记录的近200年东亚季风变化及其ENSO响应

通过湖北省神农架永兴洞石笋(编号:YX92)230Th年龄和纹层计数年代学研究,建立了1788AD-1956AD时段年际分辨率石笋氧同位素序列。该序列δ18O值变化范围为-9.70‰~-7.87‰,最大振幅约达1.83‰,呈现显著的年代际尺度振荡旋回特征。功率谱分析结果揭示存在显著的60~70年准周期信号。该记录与同区域和尚洞石笋δ18O曲线具有很好的重现性,说明其可能受控于共同的气候因子,指示了东亚夏季风大尺度环流特征。将石笋重建的东亚夏季风指标与全印度夏季降水量指示的印度夏季风指数对比,结果显示两者在年代际旋回特征上具有很好的相似性,但是呈反相位关系。进一步与ENSO指数对比,发现东亚夏季风年代际尺度变化与ENSO存在密切联系,表现为东亚夏季风增强,对应于ENSO暖期,反之亦然。因此,东亚季风与印度季风在年代际尺度上的反相位关系可能源于两者对ENSO机制的不同响应。     

焉耆盆地焉耆隆起区石油地质条件初探

焉耆盆地经历了20多年的勘探开发,取得了一系列认识,但目前急需开辟新的油气勘探领域来缓解增储上产的压力。焉耆隆起区是盆地的油气远景区,通过新焉参1井钻探,初步分析了研究区石油地质条件,明确了其缺失中生界大部分地层,缺乏油源和有效的油气运移通道。讨论后认为应继续探索隆起区油气成藏的可能性,加强焉耆隆起区与博湖坳陷构造演化关系的研究,寻找有效的油气运移通道及隐蔽型油气藏。这些认识对今后焉耆盆地的勘探具有重要意义。     

Depositional Environment of Es_4~u and Es_3~l Shales Based on Biomarkers from the Boxing Sag of Dongying Depression,East China

The Boxing Sag is located in the southwest of Dongying Depression, southern Bohai Bay Basin of East China. It is one of the main petroliferous sags in the Dongying Depression, and has two major source rocks, namely the upper 4th Member （Es4u） and lower 3rd Member （Es31） shales of Eocene Shahejie Formation, which are the new exploration targets in recent years. In this study, 16 core samples were collected from Es4u and Es31 shales in the Boxing Sag, and the saturate hydrocarbons were analyzed by gas chromatography （GC） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）, respectively. The results show that Es4u shale has obvious phytane and gammacerane predominance, higher concentration of tricyclic terpanes and regular steranes, and very low concentration of 4- methly steranes; Es31 shale has pristane predominance, lower concentration of tricyclic terpanes, gammacerane and regular steranes, and higher concentration of 4-methly steranes. The Es4u shale can be further divided into two types based on the distribution of n-alkanes in gas chromatograms： normal distribution and double peak pattern. The biomarker characteristics and sedimentary facies distribution show that Es4u shale was deposited in the saline-hypersaline semi-deep （Type A Es4u shale, sag center） to shallow （Type B Es4u shale, sag edge） lacustrine environments, Es31 shale was deposited in the freshwater-brackish semi-deep-deep lacustrine environments, and the former sedimentary facies maps of Es4u and Es31 in the Boxing Sag are further modified.     

HOLOCENE CLIMATE MILLENNIUM CYCLE AND CAUSES BASED ON WAVELET ANALYSIS

根据北大西洋、亚洲和热带大洋典型的全新世气候记录,采用小波分析方法建立太阳活动与地球气候之间的联系,揭示了过去9000年,太阳活动千年周期能量传递存在一个逐级(能级A,B和C)递减的过程.其中,北大西洋冰漂碎屑事件与太阳活动的相位差最小,揭示了由太阳活动驱动的冰漂事件是地球气候变化的起始点.在冷暖期转化过程上,亚洲石笋与格陵兰冰芯呈现相反的模式,即是亚洲弱季风事件滞后而强季风事件超前;格陵兰冰芯冷期超前而暖期滞后.其机制可能是北欧淡水注入放大了弱太阳活动能量,导致亚洲季风强事件直接受太阳活动驱动,弱事件则响应于冰漂事件.     

新疆塔里木盆地温宿凸起石油地质条件新认识

为了弄清塔里木盆地温宿凸起构造演化、油源条件及圈闭类型等关键地质问题,通过石油地质条件综合分析,结合样品测试分析,查清了温宿地区油气成藏的关键因素,提出了石油地质条件新认识。结果表明:温宿凸起为一个继承性发育的古隆起,构造演化主要经历了4个发展阶段;温宿凸起油气藏类型以构造-岩性型为主;温宿凸起不发育烃源岩,但发育沟通拜城富烃凹陷的高效输导体系;温宿凸起新近系吉迪克组油气藏类型以构造-岩性型为主;油气的生成、运移、聚集主要发生在新近纪-第四纪,具有明显的晚期复式成藏特点;优越的盖层条件是温宿吉迪克组油气藏形成的重要因素。