黏粒和有机质对黄河口潮间带沉积物微团聚体的影响

微团聚体是形成沉积物结构的基本单元,沉积物的结构性影响了土体的稳定性、渗透性和强度等工程地质性质。对废弃黄河口刁口流路潮间带沉积物微团聚体受黏粒含量、有机质和生物黏液等胶结作用进行分析,结果表明,研究区沉积物多团聚成粉粒级微团聚体(0.05~0.01 mm),含量在85.3%~95.8%之间,与黄土高原土相比,0.05~0.01 mm微团聚体增加,而0.1~0.05 mm微团聚体减少,团聚性差,易于侵蚀;黏粒含量与团聚度表现出显著正相关性,说明黏粒含量增加了沉积物微团聚体的稳定性;沉积物中有机质含量在0.27%~0.61%之间,有机质含量较少,对沉积物微团聚体贡献少;生物扰动的螃蟹洞壁土、螃蟹掘出物的团聚度明显大于表层未受生物扰动土的团聚度,说明螃蟹分泌的黏液能加大微团聚体的稳定性。     

中国区域植树造林对地表温度的影响

近些年随着中国植树造林计划的持续进行,植被覆盖不断增长,进而影响中国地表环境.地表温度是表征地表物理过程的重要参数,是地表—大气能量交换中的驱动因子,广泛应用于气候、水文、生态及气象等研究中,是众多基础学科研究的关键参数之一.为了分析植树造林战略对局地和区域尺度的影响,以指导相应政策的制定,本文采用IBM(Intrin...     

川西高原鲜水河断裂带炉霍-道孚段泥石流分布特征

鲜水河断裂带炉霍-道孚段泥石流沿断裂带呈线性分布,以中高频泥石流为主,过渡型、稀性居多.断裂带内岩体破碎,次级构造发育且活动性强烈使主河床呈阶梯状,为泥石流灾害发育提供了势能转化、物质补给与水力运输条件.研究区泥石流沟(Ksn约140 m0.9)分布在主河陡峭指数高处(Ksn约66 m0.9),且中下游泥石流沟与其入汇...     

新型冠状病毒肺炎的CT征象研究

目的:研究新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的CT特征。方法:回顾性分析26例确诊为COVID-19患者的病例资料(男14例,女12例),分析其胸部高分辨CT表现,重点观察病变形态、分布以及病变区有无肺血管增粗、支气管充气征、小叶间隔增厚。结果:26例COVID-19患者中病变分布于肺周围区20例,其中17例胸膜下区;18例累及双肺,8例累及一侧肺;单个肺叶受累6例,2～4叶受累10例,5叶受累10例;单发病灶3例,多发病灶23例;以单纯磨玻璃密度影(pGGO)为主要表现19例,混合性磨玻璃密度影(mGGO)11例,肺实变伴周围磨玻璃密度影(GGO)4例;1例初次CT检查表现为直径3mm大小的磨玻璃密度影,4天后复查CT时病灶明显增大,呈斑片状混合磨玻璃密度影;病变区血管增粗17例,占65.4%;支气管充气征15例,占57.7%;小叶间隔增厚16例,占61.5%;以铺路石征为主要表现8例,占30.8%。单侧少量胸腔积液3例,纵隔淋巴结增大1例。结论:COVID-19的高分辨CT表现具有一定特征,双肺多发磨玻璃密度影伴病变区血管增粗、支气管充气征及小叶间隔增厚提示临床诊断。     

Automated multi-scale classification of the terrain units of the Jiaxie Guyots and their mineral resource characteristics

Given the advances in satellite altimetry and multibeam bathymetry, benthic terrain classification based on digital bathymetric models (DBMs) has been widely used for the mapping of benthic topographies. For instance, cobalt-rich crusts (CRCs) are important mineral resources found on seamounts and guyots in the western Pacific Ocean. Thick, plate-like CRCs are known to form on the summit and slopes of seamounts at the 1 000–3 000 m depth, while the relationship between seamount topography and spatial distribution of CRCs remains unclear. The benthic terrain classification of seamounts can solve this problem, thereby, facilitating the rapid exploration of seamount CRCs. Our study used an EM122 multibeam echosounder to retrieve high-resolution bathymetry data in the CRCs contract license area of China, i.e., the Jiaxie Guyots in 2015 and 2016. Based on the DBM construted by bathymetirc data, broad- and fine-scale bathymetric position indices were utilized for quantitative classification of the terrain units of the Jiaxie Guyots on multiple scales. The classification revealed four first-order terrain units (e.g., flat, crest, slope, and depression) and eleven second-order terrain units (e.g., local crests, depressions on crests, gentle slopes, crests on slopes, and local depressions, etc.). Furthermore, the classification of the terrain and geological analysis indicated that the Weijia Guyot has a large flat summit, with local crests at the southern summit, whereas most of the guyot flanks were covered by gentle slopes. “Radial” mountain ridges have developed on the eastern side, while large-scale gravitational landslides have developed on the western and southern flanks. Additionally, landslide masses can be observed at the bottom of these slopes. The coverage of local crests on the seamount is ~1 000 km2, and the local crests on the peak and flanks of the guyots may be the areas where thick and continuous plate-like CRCs are likely to occur.     

三江源生态保护和建设一期工程生态成效评估

基于生态系统结构--服务动态过程趋势分析,针对生态保护与建设工程预期目标,构建了由生态系统结构,质量,服务及其变化因素构成的生态成效评估指标体系,研究发展野外观测,遥感监测和生态过程定量模拟一体化的监测评估技术体系,评估了三江源生态保护和建设一期工程的生态成效.结果表明:工程实施8年以来,三江源区宏观生态状况趋好但尚未达到1970s比较好的生态状况,草地持续退化趋势得到初步遏制但难以达到预期"草地植被盖度提高平均20%~40%"的目标,水体与湿地生态系统整体有所恢复,生态系统水源涵养和流域水供给能力提高,区域水源涵养量达到了增加13.20亿m³目标;重点工程区内生态恢复程度好于非工程区,除了气候影响以外,工程的实施对促进植被恢复具有明显而积极的作用;然而,草地退化局面没有获得根本性扭转,工程实施尚未遏制土壤水蚀增加趋势,一期工程局部性和初步性特点突显出三江源区生态保护任务的长期性和艰巨性.     

一个新的非恒定型不规则波缓坡方程

缓坡方程由Ｂｅｒｋｈｏｆ所推导并在规则波折射绕射问题的研究上有着广泛的应用。然而对于不规则波折射绕射问题研究，缓坡方程还处于发展研究阶段，本文采用Ｐａｄｅ近似并仿Ｋｕｂｏ方法对缓坡波动方程进行了推导，得到了一个含有时间高阶导数项的不规则波缓坡方程，随即采用ＷＫＢ方法对这个不规则波的缓坡方程进行了简化，推导出一个较为实用的含有一阶时间导数的不规则波缓坡的波动方程。通过数值手段对所推导的不规则波缓坡方程进行了数值模拟，其结果与物模实验较为一致     

The New Form of Time-Dependent Mild Slope Equation for Random Waves

The mild-slope equation derived by Berkhoff (1972), has widely been used in the numerical calculation of refraction and diffraction of regular waves. However, it is well known that the random sea waves has a significant effect in the refraction and diffraction problems. In this paper, a new form of time-dependent mild slope equation for irregular waves was derived with Fade approximation and Kubo's time series concept. The equation was simplified using WKB method, and simple and practical irregular mild slope equation was obtained. Results of numerical calculations are compared with those of laboratory experiments.     

The circulation in the southern Huanghai Sea and northern East China Sea in June 1999

On the basis of hydrographic data and current measurement (the mooring system, vessel-mounted ADCP and toward ADCP) data obtained in June 1999, the circulations in the southern Huang-hai Sea (HS) and northern East China Sea (ECS) are computed by using the modified inverse method. The Kuroshio flows northeastward through eastern part of the investigated region and has the main core at Section PN, a northward flow at the easternmost part of Section PN, a weaker anti-cyclonic eddy between these two northward flows, and a weak cyclonic eddy at the western part of Section PN. The above current structure is one type of the current structures at Section PN in ECS. The net northward volume transport (VT) of the Kuroshio and the offshore branch of Taiwan Warm Current (TWCOB) through Section PN is about 26.2×106m3/s in June 1999. The VT of the inshore branch of Taiwan Warm Current (TWCIB) through the investigated region is about 0.4×106m3/s. The Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) has much effect on the currents over the     

Shenzhou-4 spaceborne altimeter waveform processing and significant wave height retrieval

1IntroductionSZ-4spaceborne,launched on30December2002,is the fourth unmanned spaceborne of China.Multimode microwave remote sensor is its primaryload,of which the altimeter mode is the most impor-tant one.During about five months,a large numberofSZ-4altim…