乡村性和乡村旅游吸引力：基于游客感知视角的要素结构辨识和认知机制解析

在旅游研究领域中,乡村性被普遍认为是乡村旅游的核心吸引力。然而,现有研究基本没有从游客感知视角对乡村性要素结构进行辨识,未能展现游客对乡村旅游吸引力的认知逻辑,也无法体现乡村性和乡村旅游吸引力之间的关系。因此,在游客感知视角下,使用VEP和半结构访谈相结合的质性研究方法,对受访者提供的乡村照片以及相对应的访谈内容进行编码归纳。研究发现：1）乡村性要素可依据游客视觉、听觉、触觉、味-嗅觉和定位系统构建乡村性结构,并可从中归纳出“本底乡村性”和“植入乡村性”两种类型。2）在乡村旅游的过程中,游客在个人主观层面存在“核心—边缘”结构的感知特征,其中“核心乡村性”和“边缘乡村性”两者之间界限模糊,且存在相互转换的可能。3）在游客感知视角下,乡村性和乡村旅游吸引力之间存在“感知系统—乡村性要素—乡村性景观—乡村旅游吸引力”为逻辑主线的认知机制,认为乡村旅游吸引力虽然可以以本底乡村性构成的本底性景观为基础,但同时也是一个复合的结构,由本底乡村性、植入乡村性组合而成的本底性、植入性和融合性景观综合构成,其中尤其不能忽略融合性景观对乡村旅游吸引力的营造作用。     

江苏省苏北盆地洪泽凹陷古新世时期的古环境: 来自微体古生物学与蒸发岩的证据

第三纪古新世—始新世极热事件（PETM事件： Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum）,被认为是最类似于现今的温室效应。江苏省苏北盆地洪泽凹陷沉积了一套巨厚的古新世时期的蒸发岩,提供了该时期的陆地记录。蒸发岩对气候极为敏感,因此可以记录古代气候的信息。本次研究从苏北盆地洪泽凹陷钻孔中,通过SEM-EDS的方法识别出了无水芒硝和钙芒硝,这些暖相矿物的出现吻合第三纪古新世—始新世极热事件时期的极端高温环境;而苏打石的出现则表明该时期大致为现代大气三倍浓度的极高CO2含量。     

江苏圆陀角附近潮滩沉积岩芯粒度变化及其环境意义

江苏圆陀角位于长江北支岸线与江苏海岸线的交汇处,发育了粉砂淤泥质海岸典型潮滩地貌,潮滩岩芯沉积物粒度变化记录了潮滩环境变化的信息。2007年在圆陀角附近潮滩采集了192cm长的柱状岩芯,对沉积物的粒度组成进行了分析,分析结果显示,砂质粉砂是主要的沉积类型,岩芯分为三部分,从下部向上,粗颗粒沉积组分减少,反映了采样点附近潮滩环境由潮滩中部向上部转化的过程。根据岩芯沉积物¹³⁷Cs的1963年和1986年两个蓄积峰值时标推算,1963年以来的平均沉积速率为2.3cm/a,1986年以来的平均沉积速率为1.6cm/a,1963～1986年之间的平均沉积速率达到2.9cm/a。沉积速率变化表明20世纪60年代以来伴随潮滩淤积增高,圆陀角附近潮滩沉积物的沉积速率下降,大体与辐射沙洲南翼淤积型潮滩淤积速率一致,小于长江口外的泥沙沉积速率。泥沙来源主要是苏北沿岸流携带的部分泥沙在圆陀角附近沉积,伴随研究区围垦活动向海推进,在长江北支口门北侧形成了大片的泥质潮滩和水下沙嘴。     

空间数据模糊聚类的有效性(英文)

The validity measurement of fuzzy clustering is a key problem. If clustering is formed, it needs a kind of machine to verify its validity. To make mining more accountable, comprehensible and with a usable spatial pattern, it is necessary to first detect whether the data set has a clustered structure or not before clustering. This paper discusses a detection method for clustered patterns and a fuzzy clustering algorithm, and studies the validity function of the result produced by fuzzy clustering based on two aspects, which reflect the uncertainty of classification during fuzzy partition and spatial location features of spatial data, and proposes a new validity function of fuzzy clustering for spatial data. The experimental result indicates that the new validity function can accurately measure the validity of the results of fuzzy clustering. Especially, for the result of fuzzy clustering of spatial data, it is robust and its classification result is better when compared to other indices.     

人文与经济地理学的传承与创新：青年学者的责任

2018年1月27-28日,人文与经济地理学青年论坛暨第二届中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室青年论坛在北京国家会议中心成功举办。青年论坛以“人文与经济地理学的传承与创新：青年学者的责任与行动”为主题。莅临会场的院士、前辈和主管部门领导纷纷表示鼓励、支持和关怀青年人才的更快更好的成长。在这样的背景下,以这次青年论坛主题为题,在新时代传承和创新人文与经济地理学,青年学者责无旁贷,追寻地理学家的精神,集中探讨青年学者的责任与行动,展示人文与经济地理青年学者的思考和风采。     

基于卷积神经网络和高分辨率影像的湿地群落遥感分类——以洪河湿地为例

以洪河国家级自然保护区为研究对象,应用卷积神经网络（CNN）方法进行高分辨率湿地遥感影像的分类研究,并与基于光谱支持向量机（SP-SVM）的方法和基于纹理及光谱的支持向量机（TSP-SVM）的方法进行了对比。结果显示,对于所选取的2个研究区域,CNN分类方法的全局精度高于SP-SVM方法5.61%和5%,高于TSP-SVM方法4.18%和4.15%。尤其对于部分湿地植被的分类精度明显高于SP-SVM和TSP-SVM方法。研究表明,卷积神经网络为湿地识别的精细划分提供了有利的手段。     

中国城市动画产业时空格局及其成因研究

以动画产品为研究对象,利用国家广电总局官方统计数据与新媒体网络数据,对中国城市动画产业发展的时空格局及其成因进行了分析与探讨。首先,从产业规模、产品质量、产品集中度3方面构建动画产业发展评价指标体系,运用熵值法、三角模型法与GIS技术分析中国城市动画产业时空格局,发现：中国动画城市不断增多、发展范围梯度扩散,动画城市多数处于萌芽阶段、整体发展水平较低,动画城市之间差距较大、“二元三核”格局逐渐形成,四大板块差距明显、东中西梯度发展;其次,运用主成分分析和相关分析方法,探讨中国动画产业空间格局成因,结果表明生活质量、包容度、创新精神等内生条件是中国城市动画产业发展的主要影响因素,文化资源、政策支持等外在条件也影响较大。     

Impacts of human activities on coral reef ecosystems of southern Taiwan: a long-term study

In July 2001, the National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, co-sponsored by the Kenting National Park Headquarters and Taiwan's National Science Council, launched a Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program to monitor anthropogenic impacts on the ecosystems of southern Taiwan, specifically the coral reefs of Kenting National Park (KNP), which are facing an increasing amount of anthropogenic pressure. We found that the seawater of the reef flats along Nanwan Bay, Taiwan's southernmost embayment, was polluted by sewage discharge at certain monitoring stations. Furthermore, the consequently higher nutrient and suspended sediment levels had led to algal blooms and sediment smothering of shallow water corals at some sampling sites. Finally, our results show that, in addition to this influx of anthropogenically-derived sewage, increasing tourist numbers are correlated with decreasing shallow water coral cover, highlighting the urgency of a more proactive management plan for KNP's coral reefs.     

Marine Ecosystem—Based Management: Definition,Principles, Framework and Practice

As the largest ecosystems of the earth, marine ecosystem provides many types of ecosystem service to human. More than 60% of the global population lives the coastal area. A healthy ocean is critical to our economy, health and way of life. However, with rapid population growth and densely inhabited coastal areas, our dependence on marine resources is greater than ever. The overuse and mismanagement of ecosystem services have placed great pressure on marine systems, thereby threatening the future of marine ecosystems, and the services they provide. With anthropogenic pressures increasing in coastal cities, adopting ecosystem-based management frameworks that minimize impacts on marine environments while allowing for sustainable development is critical. Marine Ecosystem-Based Management seeks to manage marine resources in ways that protect ecosystem health while providing the ecosystem services needed by people. Rather than focusing solely on a single species or resource, MEBM incorporates science and balances the demands of user groups in a manner that produces management strategies that are more likely to be sustainable than traditional approaches. The definition, principles and framework were discussed in this paper based on the summary of literature, and two examples were introduced. Last, some suggestions were put forward to marine ecosystem management for ocean ecosystem and for healthy coastal resources sustainable utilization.