Effects of forest roads on habitat pattern for sables in Da Hinggan Mountains,northeasten China

The anthropogenic managements of forest have created a network of roads resulting in the loss and alternation of habitat. To better understand road＇s impact on animal habitats, we assessed the habitat pattern of sables （Martes zibellina）, one of rodents within national first-class protected species, when roads are considered in Huzhong area in Da Hinggan Mountains, northeastern China. Em- ploying published literatures about behavior ecology, aerial photographs and forest stand maps, we classified the study area into three habitat types including best-suitable, suitable and unsuitable habitats based on sable habitat requirements at the landscape scale includ- ing four variables derived from forest source map with attribute database. Results indicated the loss and significant fragmentation of best-suitable habitat and home range habitat when roads, especially 150 m avoidance distance of roads, were considered. The roads re- duced and fragmented highly suitable habitats more significantly during earlier development period than the later development period. Additionally, the suitable area percentage increased with increasing distance to roads. This study helped to identify the suitable area for sables and location of sable population. Also, this study suggested the passage construction and road management involving road clo- sure and removal will reduce the fragmentation functionally and benefit the sable population.     

四川石棉草科穹状变形变质体研究

位于扬子陆块西缘的石棉草科穹状变形变质体,经历了三次变形变质时期：早期为收缩滑脱变形的区域动力变质、中期热隆伸展动热变质和后期岩浆热接触变质。对主期变质进行了划分,利用变质反应、矿物地质温压计及相关的同位素年龄资料,建立了草科穹状变形变质体演化的ＰＴｔＤ轨迹。     

造山带综合地层学方法在区调工作中的应用——以1∶5万青麦乡幅为例

初步总结了在三江地区进行 1∶5万区调的工作方法 ,着重介绍了综合地层学工作方法的应用和进展情况。     

Dynamic response of flexible rockfall barriers under different loading geometries

Flexible steel barriers are commonly constructed on steep hillsides to mitigate rockfall. The evaluation of the dynamic response of proprietary flexible barriers is conventionally performed using full-scale field tests by dropping a weight onto the barriers in accordance with the European test standard ETAG 27. The weight typically has a spherical or polyhedral shape and cannot reproduce more complex rockfall scenarios encountered in the field. A rigid slab may load a barrier over a larger area and its effect has not been investigated. In this study, a calibrated three-dimensional finite-element model was developed to study the performance of vertically and horizontally orientated rockfall barriers under concentrated areal impact loads. A new bilinear force-displacement model was incorporated into the model to simulate the behavior of the energy-dissipating devices on the barriers. The effect of different weight geometries was studied by considering impacts by a rigid single spherical boulder and a rigid slab. Results reveal that areal loading induced by a rigid slab increases the loading on the barrier foundation by up to 40 % in both horizontally and vertically positioned barriers when compared to a concentrated load scenario with a single boulder. This indicates that barriers tested under the current test standard does not give the worst-case scenario in terms of foundation loads, and barrier designers should take into account the possible effect of increased foundation loads by reinforcing the barrier posts and/or increasing their spacing.     

四川省地质公园发展战略与对策思考

四川省地质遗迹与地质景观资源丰富,以恐龙化石产地及活动遗迹、高寒岩溶和温带-亚热带岩溶、古冰川与现代活动冰川、推覆构造及地震地质遗迹等独具特色,是我国西部地质遗迹与地质景观资源大省.当前应加速地质公园的建设与开发步伐,充分发挥其经济价值、社会价值和生态环境价值,实施可持续发展战略,带动地方旅游经济快速发展.     

东秦岭商丹带黑山变质沉积岩系的沉积构造环境

陕西商丹黑山的沉积岩系是一套浅变质沉积岩系,其原岩沉积建造可以分为三个不同的沉积环境的岩石组合,包括Ⅰ岩组的泥岩及碳酸盐岩、Ⅱ岩组的杂砂岩和火山碎屑岩和Ⅲ岩组的石英质砾岩、砂岩及粉砂岩。由下向上,其沉积相从深海相经浊积岩盆地相变化到斜坡滨岸相。特征碎屑矿物组成从火山碎屑经燧石岩屑变化到变质岩岩屑,地球化学特征表现为ＳｉＯ２、Ｅｕ／Ｅｕ＊和（Ｌａ／Ｙｂ）Ｎ依次增加,Ｆｅ２Ｏ３＋ＭｇＯ和ΣＲＥＥ依次减小．以上特征表明黑山沉积岩系并非单一的沉积组合,而是与秦岭区域造山作用过程的俯冲－初始接触碰撞阶段协调一致的同造山沉积。     

黄河三角洲胜利Ⅰ号心滩的研究

黄河三角洲发育了大量心滩,胜利Ⅰ号心滩是典型的代表。胜利Ⅰ号心滩位于黄河胜利大桥北侧,长1200余ｍ,最宽处120ｍ左右,呈纺锤形,中间高,两端和两侧低,纵、横向上均呈透镜状。中部和前端被多条水道切割成数段。通过研究,获得了如下认识:①胜利心滩具有两种截然不同的沉积单元:一种是一般的心滩,另一种是沙泥（砾）丘和水洼、水道等组成的沉积单元;②心滩进一步可以分为（一般的）心滩、水洼、水道和风成沉积单元,不同的沉积单元具有不同的特点;③胜利Ⅰ号心滩上爬升层理非常发育;④以细碎屑沉积为主,细砂、粉砂是主体。     

我国赫哲族的地域分布及语言习俗与地理环境的关系

地理环境对民族的形成、语言、习俗及地理分布具有深刻的影响作用。本文在依据一定的史实资料和实地调查的基础上,对我国赫哲族的源流和历史地域分布;赫哲语言和姓氏由来;赫哲族生产方式和习俗等与地理环境的关系,进行了研究探讨。赫哲族作为祖国大家庭中的一员,在长期民族融合的历史过程中,不同程度上仍然保留着本民族的固有特征。在地域分布上,各历史时期有相对稳定、集中的地域。而长期形成的生产、生活方式和习俗则反映了一个民族对地理环境适应与利用能力。     

Extraction of Three-Dimensional Architectural Data from QuickBird Images

Extraction of accurate spatial information from high-resolution satellite imagery is becoming increasingly important for a variety of tasks. In this study, three-dimensional architectural data were extracted from QuickBird images using Barista’s monoplotting function. We evaluated the accuracy of the Rational Polynomial Coefficients bundle adjustment and extracted building heights. We obtained accuracies of one-pixel in geo-positioning and 2.66 m in building height. The height accuracy is 0.16 m greater than the estimated error for a one-pixel image measurement. The presence of roof overhangs is one primary factors affecting height accuracy. The application of three-dimensional architectural data represents well the vertical extension of urban growth in Tiexi District from 2002 to 2008.     

扬子陆块西缘石棉大水沟岩片变形变质特征

经近年研究，石棉大水沟岩片边界断裂为韧性剪切带，具逆冲-推覆性质，在中生代碰撞造山过程中逆冲叠置在扬子陆块之上。该岩片经历了晚二叠世裂谷变质、晚三叠世末至早中侏罗世滑脱-收缩动热变质和晚侏罗世热隆接触变质等三期主要变形、变质作用，尤其是后两期影响最深刻，奠定了现今热隆构造，并伴有赚矿床的形成。大水沟热隆，具陆陆碰撞地壳加厚，剪切增热，熔融岩浆底辟上隆的演化特点，属岩浆热隆。