Calibration of the DAMPE Plastic Scintillator Detector and its on-orbit performance

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE) is a space-borne apparatus for detecting the highenergy cosmic-ray-like electrons, γ-rays, protons and heavy ions. The Plastic Scintillator Detector(PSD)is the top-most sub-detector of the DAMPE. The PSD is designed to measure the charge of incident highenergy particles and it also serves as a veto detector for discriminating γ-rays from charged particles. In this paper, a PSD on-orbit calibration procedure is described, which includes the five steps of pedestal, dynode correlation, response to minimum-ionizing particles, light attenuation function and energy reconstruction.A method for reconstructing the charge of incident high energy cosmic-ray particles is introduced. The detection efficiency of each PSD strip is verified to be above 99.5%; the total efficiency of the PSD for charged particles is above 99.99%.     

Review of Rapid Transformation of Floodplain Wetlands in Northeast China: Roles of Human Development and Global Environmental Change

Northeast China is the region with the largest area of wetlands in China. The Sanjiang Plain and the Songnen Plain are large freshwater marsh distribution regions that are affected by climate warming and by the increasing frequency and density of extreme weather and are the regions most subject to disturbances by human activities in Northeast China. The wetlands of the Sanjiang Plain and the Songnen Plain have shrunk severely in the past 60 years, and wetland functions have been reduced substantially because of climate change, unreasonable land use, fire episodes, engineering and construction works and urbanization. Large-scale agricultural development started in the 1950s has been the most important driving factor for wetland loss and degradation in the Sanjiang Plain. Water shortage has been the most important factor for degradation and fragmentation of wetlands in the Songnen Plain. To mitigate wetland degradation and better protect wetlands, special regulations, long-term mechanisms and technical support of wetland protection should be established. A wetland compensation program should be implemented, and technologies for increasing the adaptive capacity of wetlands should be developed. Moreover, it is most important to find the balanced threshold between agricultural development and wetland protection.     

一种选权迭代法的半参数回归模型在滑坡预测中的应用

传统抗差估计中的选权迭代法无法探测到模型的系统误差,而基于补偿最小二乘原理的半参数模型可以较好地分离出系统误差。通过建立选权迭代法的半参数回归模型,利用时间序列法、L曲线法分别确定模型中的正则化矩阵及平滑因子,并利用选权迭代法重新定权,同时降低了观测粗差和系统误差对参数估值的影响。通过仿真算例,并以重庆奉节县大坪滑坡实测数据为例,验证了选权迭代法的半参数回归方法应用到三峡库区滑坡预测的有效性和优越性。     

山东龙口大园矿区金矿121号脉地质特征及成因浅析

山东龙口大园矿区金矿121号脉产于胶西北著名的玲珑金矿田北部,矿体直接产出于玲珑花岗岩体内,受NEE向压扭性断裂构造控制。矿床成因类型为中低温热液石英脉型。通过对矿床地质特征、矿体特征、矿石类型、围岩蚀变、找矿标志及矿床成因等方面的研究,对矿床成因进行分析,总结了成矿规律。玲珑帚状构造控制了该区金矿床的分布,NEE向断裂构造控制了矿体的产出,黄铁绢英岩化碎裂岩夹石英脉是找矿的直接标志,通过综合研究,在121号脉走向上有一定的找矿空间,在-400m深部以下亦是有利的找矿地段,为进一步勘查工作提供地质依据。     

厦门市海洋休闲渔业发展设想

为优化厦门市海洋休闲渔业的发展路线,文章通过对多年的渔业经济统计数据和本区域资源状况、发展现状和需求的综合分析,提出在厦门市建立多层次和多类型现代化海洋休闲渔业基地的发展设想。研究结果表明：近年来我国休闲渔业呈现占比上升和增速加快的发展优势,但也表现出发展不稳定和体量小等不足;福建省休闲渔业发展增速缓慢且体量较小,明显落后于全国平均水平;厦门市海洋休闲渔业已具雏形,但开发层次较低和规模较小,亟须充分挖掘资源、地理和文化优势,以重点项目设计为抓手,发展具有典型示范效应的产品,培育多样化、复合化和本土化的新型海洋休闲渔业产业。     

黑潮延伸体区域脱落涡旋的时空特征分析

本文利用1993-2015年AVISO卫星高度计融合数据,统计分析了从黑潮延伸体流轴脱落涡旋的空间分布特征、运动属性以及季节、年际和类年代际变化。研究结果表明,23年间共追踪到242个气旋涡,276个反气旋涡,脱落的涡旋主要分布在沙茨基海隆以西区域。从脱落涡旋的源地空间分布来看,气旋涡的形成区域有两个高值区,一个位于黑潮延伸体流轴稳定弯曲处,即144°~146°E之间的上游区域;另一个位于沙茨基海隆西侧156°E处。而反气旋涡的形成区域也有两个高值区,一个位于沙茨基海隆以西的下游区域,另一个位于148°E处。这些在上游和下游脱落的涡旋大多向西移动,其中有88%的涡旋再次被流轴吸收。脱落涡旋的数量显示出了明显的年际和类年代际变化。在流轴的上下游区域,类年代际和年际变化分别占主导地位。并且在上游区域,脱落涡旋的类年代际变化与黑潮延伸体的强度呈负相关。在季节变化上,夏季脱落形成的涡旋最多,冬季最少。     

大叶藻微粒体GST基因对温度胁迫响应的分子机制

为了分析鳗草（Zostera marina）中微粒体谷胱甘肽S-转移酶在不同温度下的基因表达规律以及响应机制,本文通过在大肠杆菌中表达ZmGST,纯化重组蛋白以及热稳定性分析,以此为进一步阐述Z. marina的种群退化机制并提供理论依据。总之,鳗草中的微粒体GST的热稳定性和其对温度变化的响应决定了其对温度的耐受范围,并进而影响其恢复力。     

An Analytical Solution for Nearshore Circulation Driven by Focused/Defocused Waves

An offshore shoal or bar refracts ocean surface waves and causes wave focusing/defocusing on the adjacent beach.Wave focal patterns characterized by alongshore variations in wave height, wave angle, and breaking location induce alongshore non-uniformities of wave setup and nearshore circulation, e.g., rip currents and alongshore currents, in the surfzone. A simplified analytic model for nearshore circulation generated by focused/defocused waves on a planar beach is developed and theoretical solutions are obtained using transport stream function and perturbations in alongshore distributions of wave height and wave angle at the breaker line. The analytic model suggests that alongshore currents are strongly affected by a pair of counter-rotating vortices generated shoreward of the wave focal zone. The vortices are persistent, and their strengths depend on the amplitudes of alongshore variations in wave height and wave angle. The alongshore gradient in wave height tends to intensify the vortices while the convergence of wave angle tends to weaken the vortices. Divergent flows associated with the vortices in the surfzone are intense,strengthening alongshore currents in the downstream of the wave focal zone and weakening alongshore currents or causing flows reversal in the upstream. Alongshore currents are modulated by rip currents associated with the wave focusing/defocusing patterns.     

条斑紫菜杂交重组品系(A-18)的筛选与特性分析

为筛选出藻体生长快且颜色与野生型色泽相近的条斑紫菜新品系,本研究从条斑紫菜绿色突变体和红色突变体种内杂交产生的后代中,分离出了优良品系A-18。日龄60 d时的叶状体平均长度、长宽比和单株湿质量,A-18品系分别为84.95 cm、49.46和0.52 g,分别是条斑紫菜野生型品系（WT）的3.12、7.01和1.36倍。日龄60 d时叶状体的叶绿素a和总藻胆蛋白含量,A-18品系分别为8.37和53.81 mg/g,均与WT品系较接近。日龄60 d时的叶状体平均厚度,A-18品系仅为20.22 μm,比WT品系降低了29%。另外,A-18品系的壳孢子放散总量为916.01万个/贝壳,是WT品系的1.55倍。综上所述,A-18品系具有生长快、长宽比值大、藻体薄、壳孢子放散量大等优良特性,且藻体颜色与野生型色泽相近,有望在生产中运用。     

Geochemistry of pyrite and chalcopyrite from an active black smoker in 49.6°E Southwest Indian Ridge

Active hydrothermal chimneys, as the product of submarine hydrothermal activity, can be used to determine the fluid evolution and formation process of potential volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits. A hard-won specimen from an active hydrothermal chimney was collected in the 49.6°E ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) field through a television-guided grab. A geochemical study of prominent sulfide (e.g., pyrite and chalcopyrite) included in this sample was performed using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. The early sulfides produced at low temperature are of disseminated fine-grained anhedral morphology, whereas the late ones with massive, coarse euhedral features precipitated in a high-temperature setting. The systematic variations in the contents of minor and trace elements are apparently related to the crystallization sequence, as well as to texture. Micro-disseminated anhedral sulfides rich in Pb, As, Ni, Ba, Mn, Mo, U, and V were formed during the initial chimney wall growth, whereas those rich in Sn, Se, and Co with massive, coarse euhedral morphology were formed within the late metallogenic stage. The hydrothermal fluid composition has experienced a great change during the chimney growth. Such a conclusion is consistent with that indicated by using principal component analysis, which is a powerful statistical analysis method widely used to project multidimensional datasets (e.g., element contents in different mineral phases) into a few directions. This distribution pattern points to crystallographic controls on minor and trace element uptake during chimney growth, occurring with concomitant variations in the fluid composition evolutionary history. In this pyrite-chalcopyrite-bearing active hydrothermal chimney at the SWIR, the metal concentration and precipitation of sulfides largely occurred at the seafloor as a result of mixing between the upwelling hot hydrothermal fluid and cold seawater. Over the course of mixing, significant variations in metal solubility were caused by changes in temperature, pH, and redox conditions in the parental fluid phase.