Paleomagnetic samples were collected from four localities located in the southern rim of the Tarim basin. The samples were taken from volcanic rocks erupted between Jurassic and Quaternary. Detailed analysis of all samples has been carried out with progressive thermal demagnetization. A characteristic remanence (ChRM) with higher unblocking temperature has been isolated from all samples. The pole position from the middle Jurassic is at 52.5°N, 187.9°E(dp = 3.7°,dm =6.5°); the directions of the ChRM of Cretaceous correspond to a paleopole at 69.7°N, 211.6°E (dp = 9.8°,dm = 15.9°); the Quaternary pole from the Pulu site is at 79. 9°N, 183.1°E(dp = 1.6°.dm =2.4°). On the basis of these new paleomagnetic data, tectonic evolution of Tarim block is presented.
Land-use changes are generally recognized as multi-scale complex systems with processes and driving factors operating at different scales. Traditional linear approaches could not adequately acquire the nonlinear features in complex land-use changes. A multi-state artificial neural network based cellular automata (MANNCA) model and a multi-state autologistic regression based cellular automata (MALRCA) model were developed to simulate complex land-use changes in the Yellow River Delta during the period of 1992–2005. Relatively good conformity between simulated and actual land-use patterns indicated that the two models were able to simulate land-use dynamics effectively and generate realistic land-use patterns. The MANNCA model obtained higher fuzzy kappa values over MALRCA model at all the three simulation periods, which indicated that artificial neural networks could more effectively capture the complex relationships between land-use changes and a large set of spatial variables. Although the MALRCA model does have some advantages, the proposed MANNCA model represents a more effective approach to simulate the complex and nonlinear land-use evolutionary process. 相似文献