萨拉乌苏河流域150 ka BP以来的粒度旋回

萨拉乌苏河流域米浪沟湾地层剖面150kaBP以来古流动砂丘砂与河湖相和古土壤在粒度上具有多次显著的粗细韵律交替变化，粒度参数-Mz、σ、Sk、Kg和SC/D亦随之响应为多波动峰谷交替的态势，同时，粒度特征值-φ5、φ16φ、φ25、φ50、φ84、φ9相应地表现为非常有节奏地跳动，据此，将米浪沟湾剖面划分为27个粒度粗细沉积旋回，并认为其是150kaBP以来在东亚冬夏古代季风交替影响下沙漠演变的一个颇为完整的气候-地质过程记录。     

Land use change in Bohai Rim: a spatial-temporal analysis

Land use change is one of the important aspects of global change[1-3]. The Bohai Rim is a hot spot of economic development in China, where land use changes remarkably. Analyzing land use change in this area is significant to the research of global change and regional sustainable land use. Although there has been much work undertaken on regional land use change in China, it was mainly on urban land use change[4-11], and few researches integrated remote sensing and GIS method. Based on data f…     

从世界古生界油气保存条件看我国海相盆地的勘探潜力

世界含油气盆地的统计数据表明,保存条件对于古生界油气有着压倒一切的重要性。首先是盆地的保存,其次是油气系统的保存。高保存的古生代盆地在形成后基本上未发生构造逆转和岩浆侵入或溢出,在中、新生代沉积和侵蚀作用大体处于平衡,因而盆地实体较完整,一般均上覆有相当厚度的中、新生界。中保存盆地虽经一定程度的构造逆转,但古生界层序的基本格局仍然存在,而且在中、新生代再次接受了一定厚度的沉积,因而仍有可观的产油气潜力。低保存盆地多已发生强烈构造逆转和广泛岩浆活动,盆地实体比较破碎或已全面出露,其含油气性大大下降。油气系统的保存主要涉及油气生成、聚集后大地构造作用的强度和区域封盖层的有效性。我国古生代海相盆地的油气保存条件具有西优东差和北强南弱的特点,其中塔里木、鄂尔多斯和四川盆地大体属于中保存盆地,而中、下扬子和滇黔桂等地区似已进入低保存状态。中保存的三大盆地已分别有可观的油气发现,而且仍有进一步勘探的潜力。对于低保存的南方海相分布区,则需作深入分析。从国外此类盆地的勘探经验看,寻找构造逆转程度较低的区域或次级构造单元,也许是我国南方海相领域获得油气发现的关键,但所发现的可能以小油气田为主。     

青田山口叶蜡石传压介质初步研究

采用青田山口叶蜡石作为超高压高温合成金刚石的传压介质，分析了其主要化学成分和矿物组成。对青田山叶蜡石粉压块粒度效应进行了研究，确定了该传压介质的粒度组成。超高压高温人造金刚石试验表明，青田山口叶蜡石的传压介质理想，金刚石合成效果较好。     

遥感技术在水资源勘察中的应用

应用遥感技术为珲春矿区第二水源地提供了古河床的位置，为大雁矿务局三矿确定了希罗沟、胜利沟富水带以及金宝屯矿区水源地的资料。     

新疆吐-哈盆地三叠系和侏罗系含油砂体的形成条件

吐-哈盆地是位于天山造山带内的具复杂演化历史的中新生代叠合盆地,是典型的煤成烃陆相含油气盆地。盆地南带的前侏罗系 (三叠系 )油气藏其含油砂体的形成明显受沉积相、高地温和印支运动的影响,分布于盆地南部的扇三角洲砂体裙在印支运动中由于地层抬升而处于与盆地北部生烃中心接触良好的位置,并且具备了产生次生孔隙的动力学基础,从而及时接受了由于岩浆体热和印支构造热事件提供的热所形成的早成熟油,形成了该盆地第一套优质储油砂体。盆地北带的侏罗系油气藏其含油砂体以南物源辫状河三角洲相为主,次为北物源扇三角洲相,具有砂体层数多、上下叠置性强、原始物性好、与多层煤系烃源岩互层、烃类向南运移距离短的特点,形成以中侏罗统西山窑组、三间房组和七克台组为基础的第二、三、四套优质储油砂体。     

酸性土壤中20种元素有效态浸提体系浅析

通过对酸性土壤中Cu、Pb、Zn、Co、Ni、Fe、Mn、Cd、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Si、P、S、Mo、F、Se、As、Hg20种元素有效态的浸提与测定，拟定了一个操作条件宽松、质量稳定，能满足区域调查需要的浸提体系和分析方案。该分析配套方案对20种元素的检出限在（0.0001～4.9）×10     

Study on the relationship between geothermal exploitation and seismic activity in Xi’an region

Based on the analysis of the induced earthquakes in China and abroad, we get some ideas about earthquakes induced by pumping water out of a well or injecting water into a well. The induced earthquakes usually occur near the well, and they are generally small earthquakes. The earthquake sources are shallow, and they belong to the main shock-after shock type of earthquake or the swarm-type of earthquake. The magnitude and the quantity of the induced earthquakes obviously depend on the pressure and the quantity of water pumped or injected. These earthquakes happen as soon as pumping or injecting occurrence, or after ten or twenty days, they may occur at the time of injecting mud or injecting high pressure water when a well is being drilled, or at the time when the ground water is being normally exploited. A large quantity of hot water has been exploited since 1990 in Xi’an, and the quantity of water exploited has been increasing year by year, as a result the groundwater level has been dropping with the water pumped out and the water level is high in summer and low in winter. The earthquakes in Xi’an region belong to the solitary-type and they spread outside Xi’an city where the wells are concentrated but no earthquake happens. The seismic frequency and the energy released have no relation with the quantity of water exploitation or the water level in the well. It is considered that geothermal exploitation does not induce earthquakes in and around Xi’an because of its specially geological condition. Foundation item: Project sponsored by the Landslide Office of Shaanxi Province and Society of Disaster Reduction of Shaanxi Province.     

Investigation of rupture process of the 1999 M =5.4 Xiuyan, Liaoning, earthquake sequence

Conclusions The sequence of the November 29, 1999 Xiuyan, Liaoning, earthquake withM _S=5.4 is relocated, and its rupture process is analyzed. Results are as follows: The rupture extended mainly before the January 12, 2000,M _S=5.1 earthquake. There are two phases of rupture extending: The first phase was before the November 29, 1999,M _S=5.4 earthquake, epicenters were situated within a small region with a dimension of about 5 km, and the focal depth increased. It shows that the rupture mainly extended from shallow part to deep in the vertical direction. The second phase was between theM _S=5.4 earthquake and theM _S=5.1 earthquake, earthquakes migrated along southeast, the focal depth decreased. It indicates that the rupture extended along southeast and from deep to shallow part. Foundation item: The Project of “Mechanism and Prediction of the Strong Continental Earthquake” (95-13-05-04). Contribution No. 01FE2017, Institute of Geophysics, China Seismological Bureau.     

Ophiolite emplacement by strike-slip tectonics between the Pontide Zone and the Sakarya Zone in northwestern Anatolia, Turkey

Northwestern Anatolia contains three main tectonic units: (a) the Pontide Zone in the north which consists mainly of the Gstanbul-Zonguldak Unit in the west and the BallLda<-Küre Unit in the east; (b) the Sakarya Zone (or Continent) in the south, which is juxtaposed against the Pontide Zone due to the closure of Paleo-Tethys prior to Late Jurassic time; and (c) the Armutlu-OvacLk Zone which appears to represent a tectonic mixture of both zones. These three major tectonic zones are presently bounded by the two branches of the North Anatolian Transform Fault. The two tectonic contacts follow older tectonic lineaments (the Western Pontide Fault) which formed during the development of the Armutlu-OvacLk Zone. Since the earliest Cretaceous, an overall extensional regime dominated the region. A transpressional tectonic regime of Coniacian/Santonian to Campanian age caused the welding of the Gstanbul-Zonguldak Unit to the Sakarya Zone by an oblique collision. In the Late Campanian, a transtensional tectonic regime developed, forming a new basin within the amalgamated tectonic mosaic. The different tectonic regimes in the region were caused by activity of the Western Pontide Fault. Most of the ophiolites within the Armutlu-OvacLk Zone belong to the Paleo-Tethyan and/or pre-Ordovician ophiolitic core of the Gstanbul-Zonguldak Unit. The Late Cretaceous ophiolites in the eastern parts of the Armutlu-OvacLk Zone were transported from Neo-Tethyan ophiolites farther east by left-lateral strike-slip faults along the Western Pontide Fault. There is insufficient evidence to indicate the presence of an ocean (Intra-Pontide Ocean) between the Gstanbul-Zonguldak Unit and the Sakarya Zone during Late Cretaceous time.