一次台风后部中尺度暴雨的动力机制分析与模拟试验

利用常规气象资料、区域自动站资料和1°×1°的NCEP再分析资料,对1209"苏拉"台风后部暴雨的动力机制进行分析,并用WRF模式进行地形模拟数值试验,结果表明:"苏拉"后部暴雨具有明显的中尺度特征,低层流场的汇合促进暴雨区上升运动的发展,超低空偏南风急流为暴雨区提供充足的水汽条件,急流在强降水发生前增强北推;陆地摩擦使近岸一带生成风速辐合线(岸风锋)是触发暴雨的中尺度系统,其强弱对暴雨强度有直接影响。     

ICP-MS测定土壤样品中Pb、Cd、Cr的不确定度评定

建立了ICP-MS测定土壤样品中Pb、Cd、Cr的不确定度数学模型,分别计算了标准储备液、校正曲线拟合、样品制备过程、分析信号强度及重复性试验等分量的不确定度,根据以上结果计算出标准不确定度。计算结果表明,不确定度主要来源于标准储备液制备和稀释以及重复性实验,该结论对分析过程质量控制、分析方法研究有一定的参考价值。     

青海东昆仑尕林格铁多金属矿床辉石闪长岩U-Pb年代学及地球化学特征

对青海尕林格矿区与成矿有关的辉石闪长岩的地球化学特征研究显示,该辉石闪长岩属于偏铝质、钙碱性系列岩石,明显富集活泼不相容元素Th、U和轻稀土元素,相对亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti和P,具弱的负Eu异常(δEu介于0.924~0.962)。岩石εHf(t)值为-3.79~-1.70,二阶段模式年龄为TDM2为1 223~1 339 Ma。尕林格闪长岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb加权平均年龄为228±2 Ma(MSWD=0.32),为晚三叠世。综合前人研究成果,认为在巴颜喀拉地块与东昆仑地块碰撞-后碰撞转换阶段俯冲的阿尼玛卿洋壳板片发生断离,引起地幔物质上涌至古老的下地壳底部,使其发生部分熔融并混入部分幔源物质,形成尕林格辉石闪长岩石。     

Status of two <Emphasis Type="Italic">Coreius</Emphasis> species in the Three Gorges Reservoir,China

Dam construction alters natural flow regimes which, in turn, cause significant changes in fish communities during and after impoundment. The construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir, from impoundment of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River, China, may have affected native fish species. Thus, the status of two lotic freshwater fish species, Coreius heterodon and C. guichenoti, were monitored in the Three Gorges Reservoir, including fish abundance, individual composition, growth, condition, and mortality. Data on both species were gathered from upstream, midstream and downstream areas of the reservoir and, where available, from studies published before and after dam construction. Lower abundance, slower growth, a less diversified age structure, poorer fish condition (indicated by hepatosomatic index) and higher mortalities were recorded in sites nearest the dam compared with upstream areas. Furthermore, after final impoundment, individual Coreius species inhabiting the area changed, with young individuals becoming more abundant, while upstream of the reservoir the two Coreius species became smaller at a given age. The results show that the status of the two Coreius species was subject to dramatic changes after impoundment.     

基于小波分析的海洋平台实时结构健康监测

由于海洋平台结构长期处于恶劣的海洋环境中,并受到各种载荷的交互作用,结构容易产生各种形式的损伤。因此,对海洋平台进行实时监测有着十分重要的现实意义。以单筒简易导管架平台为例,主要在结构损伤的判定和定位两方面对海洋平台的实时结构健康监测进行研究,结果表明通过对结构响应信号进行小波分析,小波变换系数和小波包能量分布可以很好地定义损伤识别指标。