冀鲁豫交界区岩石圈磁场异常分布与磁化率结构分析

利用重磁反演软件,对2017年8月冀鲁豫交界区流动地磁总强度数据进行处理并解析延拓,研究该区岩石圈磁场及其深部、浅表磁场异常分布特征与地下介质磁化率结构的性质。结果表明:冀鲁豫交界区岩石圈磁场异常分布是岩石圈浅表与深部磁异常综合叠加的结果,岩石圈地下介质的浅表与深部磁化率结构具有一定差异性,且受断裂控制呈分段性特征,可能与该区域复杂的岩石圈磁化率结构及地质构造有关。     

Methane Oxidation in the Water Column of Xiangxi Bay,Three Gorges Reservoir

Four field campaigns are carried out to quantify the methane (CH₄) oxidation rate in Xiangxi Bay (XXB) of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), China. The water depth of the sampling site varied from 13 to 30 m resulting from the water level fluctuation of the TGR. The CH₄ oxidation rates are measured in situ as the decline of dissolved CH₄ concentration versus time in incubated, and those rates. The CH₄ oxidation rates range from 1.18 × 10^?3 to 3.69 × 10^?3 µmol L^?1 h^?1, with higher values and stronger variation during summer. A static floating chamber method is used to measure CH₄ emitted to the atmosphere resulting in an annual mean flux of 4.79 µmol m^?2 h^?1. The CH₄ emission rate is significantly negatively correlated with the water level. The results show that a large fraction of CH₄ is consumed in the water column with a range of 28.97–55.90 µmol m^?2 h^?1, accounting for ≈69–98% of the total CH₄ input into the water column, and more than 90% is consumed outside the summer, when the water level is lowest. Water depth, which is dominated by water level of the TGR, is a potentially important driver for CH₄ oxidation and atmospheric emission in the tributary bay.     

汶川M_W7.9地震起始破裂断层几何结构

本文收集使用紫坪铺水库台网记录到的汶川地震主震P波波形资料,利用P波反投影叠加法获取了2008年5月12日汶川M_W7.9地震起始破裂的时空演化过程.通过分析本次大地震起始破裂阶段(0～1s)破裂点在三维空间内的分布特征,确定了本次大地震起始破裂位置及起始破裂断层几何结构模型.得到以下结果:汶川地震起始破裂点位于31.013±0.002°N、103.392±0.002°E,震源深度为8.2±0.4km,发震时刻为2008年5月12日14∶27∶58.80±0.4.汶川地震起始破裂的最佳断层面走向为NE48°,倾向NW35°,起始阶段破裂的深度范围为地下7.5～9km.     

利用远震研究四川盆地及其周缘瑞利面波相速度和方位各向异性

基于四川盆地及周边的245个宽频带台站2010年9月—2014年9月期间的远震记录,提取双台路径瑞利面波相速度频散资料,反演得到四川盆地20～120s的高分辨率瑞利面波相速度及各向异性空间分布.在丰富区域地球物理基础数据的同时,结合已有研究成果对地壳上地幔变形耦合进行探讨,结果表明短周期(20～30s)的相速度分布与四川盆地的地质构造特征相吻合,作为川滇地块、松潘—甘孜地块和四川盆地之间的边界——龙门山断裂带和鲜水河断裂带对上述三个地块上地壳的速度结构具有明显的控制作用;松潘—甘孜地块,特别是川滇地块中下地壳普遍表现为明显的低速异常,表明中下地壳相对软弱;而四川盆地的中下地壳整体呈现相对高速,表明四川盆地具有相对坚硬的中下地壳.研究区域东南角接近北扬子地块与南扬子地块的缝合部位,呈现高速异常.四川盆地南部和东南邻区不同周期均具有较强的各向异性,且快波方向较为一致,反映这些地区不同深度变形耦合较好.四川盆地西部、北部及东北部邻区,不同周期的各向异性快波方向变化较大,不同深度变形耦合较差.这些特征与绕喜马拉雅东构造结的物质流动被扬子地块的高速地壳阻挡的宏观认识基本一致.     

高寒退化草地中垫状点地梅的生态系统工程师作用

垫状植物是高寒地区广泛分布的一类具有特殊形态的植物,被称为高寒生态系统工程师,其在高寒退化草地中的作用如何?本研究以位于西藏当雄念青唐古拉山脉南坡4500m的一处高寒退化草地为例,调查了垫状点地梅覆盖区域内外的物种多样性、土壤养分以及水分的差异。结果表明:垫状点地梅可以显著改善土壤养分,提高幅度大约为16%-48%,其中有机质和总氮(N)分别增加了16.2%和18.9%;局部土壤含水量提高约12%;样方内的物种丰富度(S)、Shannon-Wiener指数(H)和Simpson指数(D)都随着垫状点地梅盖度的增加而呈增加的趋势。垫状点地梅在退化草地中具有显著的改善土壤微环境和提高群落物种多样性的作用,应加强保育以促进高寒退化草地的恢复。     

Evolution of internal solitary waves on the slope-shelf topography in the northern South China Sea

Ocean Dynamics - Based on a non-hydrostatic two-dimensional and high-resolution model, evolution of internal solitary waves (ISWs) on the typical slope-shelf topography in the northern South China...     

Crustal velocity structure of the Northwest Sub-basin of the South China Sea based on seismic data reprocessing

Science China Earth Sciences - The deep crustal structure of the Northwest Sub-basin (NWSB) of the South China Sea (SCS) is of great importance for understanding the tectonic nature of the...     

吉林省夹皮沟金矿带几个重要地质问题的讨论

夹皮沟金矿带位于吉林省东南部桦甸地区。自1820 年发现以来,已累计探明黄金地质储量150 吨左右。该金矿带位于中朝古板块北缘东段与布列亚-佳木斯地块南缘的碰撞对接部位附近。区内发育5 条平行的NW 向含矿构造带,其北端均以锐角交汇于挥发河断裂。有别于前人的研究成果,本文提出夹皮沟金矿带恰好位于高级区与夹皮沟花岗-绿岩带的接触部位,形成以夹皮沟金矿化带为中心的矿化分带。夹皮沟金矿带为中生代成矿,夹皮沟NW 向弧形构造片理化带及其上盘扇状断裂系控制着金矿床的分布。在主要NW 构造带之间,还存在一系列与之平行的次级构造,它们与扇状断裂的交汇点及扇状构造系中的横向应力集中带是金矿化定位的有利部位。     

东方1-1海管悬跨分布特征及治理效果分析

海底管道对海上油气田安全生产有着非常重要的作用,对东方1-1海管进行了连续6年的无人有缆遥控水下机器人(remote operatedvehicle,ROV)调查,根据调查数据,分析了海管悬跨的分布特征以及变化情况,按海管悬跨严重程度进行了风险等级分区。结果表明在受水动力影响最大的深水平坦区海管悬跨分布密集,并有逐年加剧趋势,安全风险较大。并对悬跨形成机理和极限悬跨长度进行了分析和阐述。介绍了沙袋支撑和局部抛石填埋悬跨治理方法的原理和优缺点,对比分析了治理效果情况,认为局部抛石治理方法效果优于沙袋治理。     

Using triple oxygen isotopes and oxygen-argon ratio to quantify ecosystem production in the mixed layer of northern South China Sea slope region

Quantifying the gross and net production is an essential component of carbon cycling and marine ecosystem studies.Triple oxygen isotope measurements and the O_2/Ar ratio are powerful indices in quantifying the gross primary production and net community production of the mixed layer zone,respectively.Although there is a substantial advantage in refining the gas exchange term and water column vertical mixing calibration,application of mixed layer depth history to the gas exchange term and its contribution to reducing indices error are unclear.Therefore,two cruises were conducted in the slope regions of the northern South China Sea in October 2014(autumn) and June 2015(spring).Discrete water samples at Station L07 in the upper 150 m depth were collected for the determination of δ~(17)0,δ~(18)O,and the O_2/Ar ratio of dissolved gases.Gross oxygen production(GOP) was estimated using the triple oxygen isotopes of the dissolved O_2,and net oxygen production(NOP) was calculated using O_2/Ar ratio and O_2 concentration.The vertical mixing effect in NOP was calibrated via a N_2O based approach.GOP for autumn and spring was(169±23) mmol/(m~2·d)(by O_2) and(189±26) mmol/(m~2·d)(by O_2),respectively.While NOP was 1.5 mmol/(m~2·d)(by O_2) in autumn and 8.2 mmol/(m~2·d)(by O_2) in spring.Application of mixed layer depth history in the gas flux parametrization reduced up to 9.5% error in the GOP and NOP estimations.A comparison with an independent O_2 budget calculation in the diel observation indicated a26% overestimation in the current GOP,likely due to the vertical mixing effect.Both GOP and NOP in June were higher than those in October.Potential explanations for this include the occurrence of an eddy process in June,which may have exerted a submesoscale upwelling at the sampling station,and also the markedly higher terrestrial impact in June.