Chemical characteristics of wet precipitation at an urban site of Guangzhou, South China

The pH variation and chemical characteristics of rainwater were investigated from January 2006 to December 2006 at an urban site of Guangzhou, South China. The rainwater was typically acidic with a volume-weighted mean pH value of 4.49, which ranged from 3.52 to 6.28. The volume-weighted mean equivalent concentration of components followed the order: SO₄²⁻ > Ca²⁺ > Cl⁻ > NH₄⁺ > Na⁺ > NO₃⁻ > K⁺ > Mg²⁺ > F⁻, indicating that SO₄²⁻, Cl⁻ and NO₃⁻ were the main anions, while Ca²⁺ and NH₄⁺, were the main cations. Ca²⁺ and NH₄⁺ were major neutralization constituents of the precipitation. Furthermore, correlation analysis and principal component analysis method were performed to identify possible common sources of major ions. Sources of the major ions were assessed based on enrichment factor method.     

拉萨春季一次雷暴天气过程分析

利用拉萨多普勒天气雷达、闪电定位仪、欧洲中心500hPa分析场及常规观测等资料,对2008年4月27-28日发生在拉萨的雷暴天气的环境条件和雷达回波特征进行了综合分析.结果表明:这次雷暴过程是在乌拉尔山冷空气南下,加剧了高原低涡切变辐合上升运动的发展,大气层结极不稳定的条件下产生的;雷达径向速度图和VAD风廓线均显示出非常明显的低层暖平流结构、低空急流及垂直风切变特征;γ中尺度气旋式涡旋扰动与环境垂直风切变的相互作用,导致雷暴云发展,回波顶增高,40dBz回波顶高伸展到7.0km左右;CAPE值、垂直风切变、γ中尺度气旋性扰动以及低层暖平流对拉萨雷暴天气预警、预报具有指示意义,给出了拉萨雷暴天气预报思路与着眼点.     

广西前汛期锋前暖区暴雨过程的模拟与分析

利用中尺度数值模式MM5对2005年5月8-9日广西的暖区暴雨过程进行了数值模拟,并对暖区暴雨形成和发展的机制进行了分析研究.结果表明:高空急流稳定维持与低空急流持续加强是这次暖区暴雨发生发展的动力机制;在暖区暴雨形成与发展的过程中,低空各层自上而下均有急流核向东传播的现象;低空急流核以接力振荡的形式快速东传,而不是向北面的锋区运动,有利于暖区累积充沛的水汽和不稳定能量,造成不稳定能量和水汽在锋区和暖区的不均匀分布,也有利于有组织的对流活动在暖区反复生成和发展,从而导致了暖区不仅降雨量大,而且雨强比锋区降水强.     

N■no综合区对研究ENSO的效果评估

通过生成一个新的Ni(n)o1-4综合区,并以它的SSTA来确定El Ni(n)o事件.经过数据对比处理和指数相关分析后,论证了合成区的合理和可行性.     

帕米尔东北缘地区构造变形特征与盆山结构

帕米尔东北缘乌泊尔地区是正确认识帕米尔北缘盆山结构和构造变形特征非常关键的地区,本文利用连续电磁剖面(CEMP)资料和地震资料,并结合野外地质调查资料和钻井资料,对帕米尔东北缘乌泊尔地区的盆山结构和构造变形特征进行了研究。认为帕米尔东北缘及其以北地区的盆山结构表现为帕米尔造山带向北冲断和南天山向南冲断所形成的对冲结构;帕米尔山前为基底卷入式构造,古生界—中生界沿高角度的逆冲断层推覆到新近系和第四系之上,形成山前的古生界—中生界逆冲推覆带;北侧由受乌泊尔断裂控制的深部隐伏冲断体系和浅部的第四纪背驮盆地所构成。研究区的新生代构造变形时间开始于上新世晚期,并持续变形至今,形成了下更新统西域组(Q_1x)与下伏上新统、Q_2与Q_1和Q_(3-4)与Q_2之间的不整合。研究区最小构造缩短量为48.6 km,缩短率为48.1%。     

亚硝基-R盐分光光度法测定铜镍锰矿中的钴

利用钴与亚硝基R盐在pH 5.5~7的乙酸溶液中,生成红色可溶性络合物,进行光度测定。拟定了刚果(金)高铜、高镍、高锰样品中钴的测定方法。实验确定了样品的溶解方式、显色剂的浓度及用量、煮沸时间和放置时间,并对矿样中铁、铜、镍、锰等主要干扰元素进行了试验。分析结果经标准样品验证、方法比对,均符合分析规范要求。     

非开挖管理软件的设计与开发

利用VisualBasic 6．0语言开发非开挖管理软件,选择Microsoft Office Access 2000作为软件的数据库系统。该软件从公司领导层到公司各部门到作业班组,按照管理需求对非开挖工程数据资料的操作流程进行切合实际的逻辑设计,形成施工主体技术参数、相关辅助信息和人力、物力、财力数据的有机综合管理系统。而且可以直接从窗体输入数据资料,相应的输出Excel、Word形式的数据资料,方便了工程进展情况的查看和资料的整理。软件中根据非开挖工程的要求,相对应的窗体之间创建了关联。软件可以在Windows 9X操作平台下运行,具有窗体友好、操作方便、运行可靠稳定等优点。     

Relationships between carbon isotope evolution and variation of microbes during the Permian–Triassic transition at Meishan Section, South China

This paper investigates kerogen carbon isotopes, the difference between carbonate and kerogen carbon isotopes (Δ¹³C_carb-kero = δ ¹³C_carb − δ ¹³C_kero) and the difference between carbonate and n-C₁₉ alkane compound-specific carbon isotopes (Δ¹³C_carb-n-C19 = δ ¹³C_carb − δ ¹³C _n-C19) during the Permian–Triassic transition at Meishan, South China. The results show that kerogen carbon isotopes underwent both gradual and sharp shifts in beds 23–25 and 26–29, respectively. The differences between carbonate and organic carbon isotopes, both the Δ¹³C_carb-kero and Δ¹³C_carb-n-C19, which are mainly affected by CO₂-fixing enzyme and pCO₂, oscillated frequently during the Permian–Triassic transition. Both the variations of Δ¹³C_carb-n-C19 and Δ¹³C_carb-kero coupled with the alternation between cyanobacteria and green sulfur bacteria indicated by biomarkers. The episodic low values of Δ¹³C_carb-n-C19 corresponded to episodic blooms of green sulfur bacteria, while the episodic high values of Δ¹³C_carb-n-C19 corresponded to episodic blooms of cyanobacteria. The relationships between the variation of carbon isotopes and biota show that the microbes which flourished after the extinction of macroorganism affected the carbon isotope fractionation greatly. Combining the carbon isotope compositions and the pattern of size variation of the conodont Neogondolella, this paper supposes that anoxia of the photic zone at bed 24 was episodic and it would be caused by the degradation of terrigenous organic matters by sulfate reducing bacteria in the upper water column. Considered together with results from previous research, the high resolution variation of the biogeochemistry presents the sequence of the important geo-events during the Permian–Triassic crisis.     

基于Flex的气象信息网络发布平台设计与实现

通过分析气象数据的特点和RIA (Rich Internet Applications) 技术的优势,结合系统建设目标提出了基于Flex的网络GIS气象信息发布平台的总体框架, 并详细介绍了该平台的主要功能。对系统建设的关键技术问题进行详细分析,主要包括数据组织与管理、气象数据转换、地图服务缓存以及基于Flex的地图展现技术等。系统运行结果表明:与传统气象网络GIS相比该系统具有界面元素丰富、交互响应快、大数据量的显示效率大大提高等方面的优势。该系统为气象工作人员、应急气象服务及公众提供了一个实时、快速、基于网络的气象信息共享平台。