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631.
632.
The glacier area changes in the Qangtang Plateau based on the multi-temporal grid method and its sensitivity to climate change 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Glacier area changes in the Qangtang Plateau are analyzed during 1970-2000 using air photos,relevant photogrammetric maps and satellite images based on the multi-temporal grid method.The results indicate that the melting of glaciers accelerated,only a few of glaciers in an advancing state during 1970-2000 in the whole Qangtang Plateau.However,the glaciers seemed still more stable in the study area than in most areas of western China.We estimate that glacier retreat was likely due to air temperature warming during 1970-2000 in the Qangtang Plateau.Furthermore,the functional model of glacier system is applied to study climate sensitivity of glacier area changes,which indicates that glacier lifespan mainly depends on the heating rate,secondly the precipitation,and precipitation increasing can slow down glacier retreat and make glacier lifespan prolonged. 相似文献
633.
Zhen Tao Quanzhou Gao Wenping Guo Zhengang Wang Yongling Zhang Chenji Xie Xiakun Huang Hongwei Zhong 《山地科学学报》2011,8(5):694-703
A whole year analysis of riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the Xijiang River (XJR), South China, showed that the mean riverine DOC concentration (1.24 mg L-1) in the XJR was notably lower than the averaged value (5.75 mg L-1) of the global riverine DOC concentration in several major rivers. There is an inconspicuous monthly fluctuation of the DOC signal in the XJR, but on a semi-yearly time scale, however, the riverine DOC concentration had significant difference between hydrological... 相似文献
634.
Microbial community changes in contaminated soils in response to phenanthrene amendment 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
S. Y. Zhang Q. F. Wang S. G. Xie Ph.D. 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2011,8(2):321-330
Leachate and reclaimed wastewater have become the important sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils. However, the information on bioremediation of leachate and reclaimed wastewater-contaminated soils is still lacking. Identification of changes in microbial structure or of enriched genera related to biodegradation could aid identification of particular organisms or consortia capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in these contaminated soils. In this study, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, coupled with 16S Ribosomal ribonucleic acid clone library analysis, was applied to investigate the composition of bacterial community in leachate-contaminated soil or grassland soil irrigated reclaimed wastewater and the response to phenanthrene amendment. Results showed that phenanthrene amendment had significant but different impacts on microbial community structure, dependent on soil source. Several greatly enriched terminal restriction fragments with phenanthrene biodegradation were identified. Moreover, genus rhizobacteria, possibly linked to phenanthrene biodegradation, was firstly reported in this study. This work might provide some new insights into bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated soils. 相似文献
635.
Wei-min Ye Zi-yuan Qi Bao Chen Ji Xie Yu Huang Yao-ru Lu Yu-Jun Cui 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(1):269-276
Karst rocky desertification is a process of land degradation involving serious soil erosion, extensive exposure of basement
rocks. It leads to drastic decrease in soil productivity and formation of a desert-like landscape. In this regard, changes
in climatic conditions are the main origin of the soils degradation. Indeed, soils subjected to successive dry/wet cycling
processes caused by climate change develop swelling and shrinkage deformations which can modify their water retention properties,
thus inducing the degradation of soil–water capacity. The ecological characteristics of cultivation soils in karst areas,
Southwest of China, are extremely easy to be affected by external environmental factors due to its shallow bedding and low
vegetation coverage. Based on the analysis of the climate (precipitation) of this region during the past decades, an experimental
study has been conducted on a cultivated soil obtained from the typical karst area in southwestern China. Firstly, the soil–water
properties have been investigated. The measured soil–water retention curve shows that the air-entry value of the soil is between
50 and 60 kPa, while the residual saturation is about 12%. Based on the experimental results, three identifiable stages of
de-saturation have been defined. Secondly, a special apparatus was developed to investigate the volume change behavior of
the soil with controlled suction cycles. The vapor equilibrium technique was used for the suction control. The obtained results
show that under the effect of dry/wet cycles, (1) the void ratio of the cultivated soil is continuously decreasing, leading
to a gradual soil compaction. (2) The permeability decreases, giving rise to a deterioration of water transfer ability as
well as a deterioration of soil–water retention capacity. It is then obvious that the long-term dry/wet cycling process caused
by the climate change induce a continuously compaction and degradation of the cultivated soil in karst rocky desertification
areas. 相似文献
636.
开展“中国天然氧吧”品牌效益评估,对推动生态产品价值转换具有重要意义。运用层次分析法从生态效益、经济效益、社会效益三个方面构建了“中国天然氧吧”品牌效益评估指标体系,并细化为23个具体指标。结合模糊综合评价法,以江西省乐安县为例进行实际应用检验。结果表明:1)此效益评估体系和评估方法具有科学性和合理性,评价结果可以为政府部门合理开发旅游气候资源、推动“中国天然氧吧”品牌可持续发展提供借鉴。2)乐安县“中国天然氧吧”品牌综合效益属“良好”等级。3)针对低评分指标,提出当地政府需要加强生态环境保护规划、生态旅游开发力度和品牌宣传推广等建议。 相似文献
637.
传统上认为前陆冲断带内部的背斜构造具有"成排成带分段"的特征,在表观认识和宏观尺度上讲,容易理解这一特征,并且通过"成排成带分段"的解剖,直接为含油气区带评价和地震解释方案的落实提供指导作用。随着前陆冲断带深层结构的精细解剖和三维空间内构造变形的准确刻画,发现前陆冲断带深层构造变形的分布并非成排成带分段的特征,褶皱构造的发育与分布明显受前陆冲断构造位移量及各个断层位移量的大小所控制,各个断层控制的逆冲岩席在垂向上相互叠置、侧向上交叉对接、走向上错落有致, 3D立体空间内由多个次级弧形体组成鳞片状分布。本文以中国天然气勘探最为成功、勘探资料最为详实的库车坳陷克拉苏构造带为例,通过地震剖面精细构造解释,揭示出构造变形的运动学特征及其构造位移量在传播过程中的分异和转换,进而控制冲断带内部构造岩席的生长发育和空间展布特征,并在3D立体空间内揭示冲断岩席受构造位移量的控制而成鳞片状分布的规律,控制这一分布规律的主控因素是冲断构造位移量与冲断岩席长度之间定量的几何关系。这一认识提升了油气藏评价和构造圈闭描述的精度。 相似文献
638.
Phosphorus fractions and bioavailability in relation to particle size characteristics in sediments from Lake Hongfeng, Southwest China 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
Yuanrong Zhu Runyu Zhang Fengchang Wu Xiaoxia Qu Fazhi Xie Zhiyou Fu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(4):1041-1052
Information on the chemical composition of phosphorus (P) fractions in sediments is fundamental to understanding P bioavailability and eutrophication in lake ecosystems. Phosphorus fractions and its bioavailability in sediments cores of Lake Hongfeng, southwest China, were investigated using a chemical sequential extraction scheme. Relationships between P fractions, P bioavailability and particle sizes were discussed. P fractions concentrations were ranked in the order: Residual-P > NaOH–rP > NaOH–NRP > HCl–P > BD–P > NH4Cl–P, and all of them decreased with increasing sediment depth. Statistical analysis showed that concentrations of bioavailable P (BAP) which includes the NH4Cl–P, BD–P, NaOH–rP and NaOH–NRP fractions ranged from 404.68 to 1,591.99 mg/kg and accounted for 26.8–71.8 % of the concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) in the top 5 cm sediments, whereas in the whole sediment cores, their concentrations ranged from 239.70 to 1,591.99 mg/kg and accounted for 26.8–76.0 % of TP. The results suggested that the sediments were a large potential source of P for algae blooms in Lake Hongfeng. Phosphorus fractions and their potential bioavailability were influenced by the sediment particle sizes, especially the bioavailability of the NH4Cl–P fraction, which was strongly affected by the presence of fine particle sizes in the sediments. 相似文献
639.
D-InSAR-based landslide location and monitoring at Wudongde hydropower reservoir in China 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
Guijie Wang Mowen Xie Xiaoqing Chai Liwei Wang Chenxi Dong 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(8):2763-2777
Differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (D-InSAR) has become a useful technique for monitoring ground movement. The technique enables the analysis of very small ground movements in continuous, large areas and has the advantages of high accuracy, high resolution, all-weather adaptability, low cost, and inaccessible area coverage. Thus, D-InSAR has been widely used in the investigation of geologic hazards, such as subsidence, landslide, earthquake, and volcanic activity. In this paper, D-InSAR is used to locate and monitor landslide movement in the wide area of Wudongde Hydropower Reservoir in Jinsha River, China. Five SAR acquisitions are obtained by using the phased array-type L-band synthetic aperture radar sensor of the Advanced Land Observing Satellite. Detailed moving displacement maps in two time periods are derived by using the D-InSAR technique, and potentially moving landslide areas, as well as landslide hazard areas, are then located. The L1R-6 landslide, which is in active state, is investigated in detail. The deforming tendency obtained via D-InSAR is consistent with that obtained via global positioning system (GPS) monitoring. Error analysis of the D-InSAR results is also conducted. Finally, the grid function interpolation method of error reduction, which combines D-InSAR and GPS, is proposed to reduce the single-point error in D-InSAR monitoring and is further verified by the considerable improvement in the accuracy of L1R-6 landslide monitoring. 相似文献
640.