四川省都江堰龙池8·13麻柳沟泥石流灾害特征

麻柳沟位于都江堰市龙池镇龙溪河右岸,＂5.12＂地震后麻柳沟流域内产生了大量的崩滑体,物源丰富。2010年8月13日,在强降雨作用下该沟暴发中等规模的泥石流,沟口堆积体积达8×104 m3,损毁了沟口处3户居民的房屋,并於埋了龙池景区公路。本文通过麻柳沟的实地调查取样和洪痕断面测定,分析了麻柳沟泥石流的形成条件和基本特点,并通过计算泥石流的容重、流速、流量等静动力学特征参数,对该泥石流沟的发展趋势进行预测。     

Analysis of thermohaline and current distribution characteristics of Zhejiang and Fujian waters in summer

This paper analyzed the distribution of thermohaline and circulation characteristics of Zhejiang and Fujian waters, based on the cross-sectional thermohaline data and on current data (up to 30 d duration) at fixed-point moorings, collected in the summer of 2006. We also performed low-pass filtering and spectrum analysis on the mooring submersible buoy data. Based on that analysis, we discussed the characteristics of low frequency currents and time-variations in these waters. The main conclusions are as follows. (1) There is a low salinity pinnate area near the Hangzhou Bay in summer, and outside the low salinity area, an obvious salinity front is present from surface to bottom near 123°E. There is also a temperature front below the surface at a corresponding position. (2) Bottom water of the Taiwan Warm Current comes from the subsurface of Kuroshio. (3) The direction of low frequency current at fixed anchor stations is N-NE or S, which mainly depends on the interaction of control currents in this waters. (4) Significant spectral peaks at all mooring stations are typically semidiurnal and diurnal tides. Semidiurnal tidal waves are the main ones in these waters, and have more energy closer to the shore. (5) Significant energy spectral peaks of middle period (3 to 8 d) of currents are responses to weather frequency. (6) Significant energy spectral peaks of long periods at the surface or bottom are probably responses to seasonal wind or bottom friction, while, the long period peaks of other depths can reflect cyclical changes of interactions between currents. We conclude that the pulsation period of the Taiwan Warm Current in these waters is 10-17 d.     

GRACE卫星观测到的日本9.0级大地震重力前兆信息

利用102个GRACE卫星月重力场模型,提取了2011年3月11日日本9.0级大地震的重力前兆信息,同时利用USGS发布的断层模型结合向上延拓技术计算了理论同震重力变化,并对结果进行了比较和分析.     

Persistence of malachite green and leucomalachite green in perch (Lateolabrax japonicus)

The persistence of malachite green (MG), and its metabolite leucomalachite green (LMG), in fish tissues is still unclear, leading to many trade disputes. In this research, we established and evaluated an HPLC method that could detect MG and LMG simultaneously, and then investigated the persistence of these two toxins in the tissues of juvenile perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) post sub-chronic MG exposure at 1.0 mg/L. Exposure lasted for 2 h everyday and was repeated six times. The perch were then placed in MG-free seawater for 100 d to eliminate the toxins. Results show that MG accumulated in the tissues, including the gills, liver, muscle, blood and viscera, and then was metabolized rapidly to LMG. The concentrations of these two toxins increased significantly with the accumulation process. In general, the highest concentrations of MG and LMG in all tissue exceeded 1 000 μg/kg, except for MG in the muscle. The order of accumulation levels (highest to lowest) of MG was gill>blood>liver>viscera>muscle, while that of LMG was liver>blood>gill>viscera>muscle. High levels of MG or LMG could persist for several hours but decreased rapidly during the elimination process. The concentration of LMG was much higher than that of MG during the experiment, especially in the gill, liver and blood. Therefore, the three tissues play important roles in toxin accumulation, biotransformation, and elimination. Although the MG and LMG concentrations in muscle were much lower than in other tissues, the content still exceeded the European minimum required performance limit (MRPL), even after 2 400 h (100 d) of elimination. This demonstrates that it is extremely difficult to eliminate MG and LMG from tissues of perch, and therefore use of these toxins is of concern to public health.     

马德里气候大会盘点及全球气候治理展望

《联合国气候变化框架公约》（简称《公约》）第25次缔约方会议取得了一定进展,但未能就各方最为关注的《巴黎协定》第六条市场机制实施细则达成一致。会议成果平淡主要有4个原因:第一,过度强调提高各方减排目标力度而未能聚焦《巴黎协定》第六条相关谈判;第二,主席国和部分缔约方急切将各方尚未形成政治共识的提高承诺力度问题引入谈判进程,破坏了谈判氛围;第三,各个议题推进不平衡;第四,发达国家企图逃避责任,促使发展中国家更加团结并形成对立。展望2020年的全球气候多边进程形势,《巴黎协定》第六条相关谈判将继续作为重点,提高力度也将成为讨论主题,但片面强调1.5℃目标可能引发重谈《巴黎协定》风险,同时发达国家背弃《公约》、转嫁责任意图明显。全球气候治理应聚焦落实承诺的力度,并平行推进《公约》及其《巴黎协定》的实施。     

招远市夏甸金矿含金流体成因及就位机制的研究

通过对夏甸金矿石英中流体包裹体成分和矿石微量元素测定,得出含金流体为幔源-岩浆和变质复合成因.依据容矿断裂形成机制的理论分析、高温高压实验研究、含金流体就位过程及容矿断裂形成环境的探讨,提出复合含金流体主动就位机制.     

发送分集技术及其在后3G中的应用

发送分集技术是第三代移动通信系统(3G)中的一种关键技术.在详细分析了空时编码技术的基础上,比较了几种基于空时编码的发送分集技术性能.最后进行了计算机仿真,并对发送分集技术在后3G宽带移动通信系统中如何应用进行了探讨.     

在NGC1068附近发现的一个新的类星体

塞佛特星系ＮＧＣ1 0 6 8是一个非常令人注目的特殊天体 ,它是Ｓｅｙｆｅｒｔ[1]发现的第一批此类星系中离我们最近 (1 9Ｍｐｃ,取Ｈ0 =6 0ｋｍｓ- 1Ｍｐｃ- 1)和最亮的一个塞佛特星系 ,因此天文学家从射电到Ｘ 射线整个电磁波段对它进行了详尽的观测和研究。ＮＧＣ1 0 6 8最初被归类为塞佛特ＩＩ型天体 ,但是通过对其偏振光的光谱观测 ,发现了认为被遮挡住的塞佛特Ｉ型核发出的± 432 0ｋｍ/ｓ的宽Ｈβ发射线 ,因此被认为是活动星系核统一模型的一个范例 (见文 [2 ] )。射电与光学的观测资料都表明ＮＧＣ1 0 6 8的中心部分有激烈的喷射活动…     

不同类型Abell团与类星体的成协

本文采用覆盖全天区的ＨＢ类星体表和ＡＣＯ星系团表为样本，对不同类型的Ａｂｅｌ星系团进行分类研究，发现不同类型的星系团与类星体的成协有不同的特性．两样品的ＫＳ检验证实与Ａｂｅｌ成协（或反成协）的类星体与全部类星体不是出自同一母体，说明这种成协（或反成协）是真实的，不是由投影效应引起的．进一步的计算得到，Ｄ４的Ａｂｅｌ团对其周围成协类星体的密度增强因子ｑ＝１．０８９，Ｒ２的Ａｂｅｌ团对其周围的类星体的吸收星等ＡＢ＝０．０９．     

一种快速建立上覆岩层压力体的方法

上覆岩层压力是地层沉积压实作用的源动力,也是地层孔隙压力计算的重要基础数据。本文通过Eaton公式推导出密度变化与上覆岩层压力和孔隙压力的计算模型,验证了不同厚度下低密度泥岩对上覆岩层压力以及孔隙压力的影响关系,证实密度差异为0.3 g/cm 3、厚度从100~500 m的低密泥岩对孔隙压力的影响最大仅为0.02 psi,从3~250 Hz的频率扫描密度曲线计算得到的上覆岩层压力几乎无差别,证实上覆岩层压力仅代表沉积地层的低频成分,因此根据正常压实地层有效应力和上覆岩层压力的关系确定了基于井控地震层速度场转换上覆岩层压力体的快速方法。以渤海西部某构造为例,新方法求取的上覆岩层压力体被多口钻井一一验证,满足了快速勘探评价的需求。