青藏高原多年冻土区埋地输气管道周围温度场数值分析

通过建立管道与多年冻土热相互作用的计算模型,利用数值分析方法探究了不同管温（输运温度）工况下冷输天然气管道对管周土体冻融过程和多年冻土热稳定性的影响。研究表明：5℃正温输运天然气管道可造成下覆冻土上限下降约11倍管径,管周多年冻土退化严重;0℃输运会导致管底下部高温不稳定冻土范围扩大,管底土体强度及承载性能降低,不利于保持多年冻土和管道运营稳定性;-1℃和-5℃负温输运可有效提高冻土人为上限,保持管底冻土温度稳定,但-5℃时管道下部土体温度降低明显,可能导致冻胀病害发生。就管周冻土热稳定性而言,在青藏高原多年冻土区采用冷输（负温输送）工艺输运天然气有利于保护管周多年冻土,是可行的。     

岩溶矿井煤层底板突水系统的非线性特征初步分析

本文论述了矿井煤层底板突水是一种由缺陷诱导的局域失稳,特别强调存在两种时间尺度的缺陷变化过程。一种是缺陷发育过程,缺陷由小缓慢地扩张变大,是慢变化;另一种是缺陷失稳过程,缺陷的薄弱破坏引起缺陷的瀑涨,是快变化,这后一过程就是矿井煤层底板突水。据此构造了塞子模型并讨论了模型的基本行为,定量地给出失稳判据,用实例检验模型得到准确率为92. 6%。      

Metallogenic geodynamic background of Mesozoic gold deposits in granite-greenstone terrains of North China Craton

The spatial distribution map of 65 mid-large gold-deposits hosted in the granite-greenstone terrains of the North China Craton is first drawn. These gold deposits mainly concentrate in the Mesozoic remobilized Yinshan-Yan-shan-Liaoning-Jilin intracontinental collisional orogenic belt, the northern Qinling and the Jiaodong Mesozoic collisional orogenic belts, and the Mesozoic intracontinental fault-magmatic belts developed along the Taihangshan and the Tan-Lu faults; their mineralizing time is predominantly Jurassic-Cretaceous, i. e. the Yanshanian. The metallogenic geodynamic background is exactly the compression-to-extension transition regime during continental collision. The results are partly from the project entitled “The main types of gold mineralizations in China and their metallogenic model” (89-El) supported by the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of China, and projects “Geology and metallogenesis of the main type gold deposits in East Chinaⁿ” (Grant No. 9488010) and “Study on ore-forming fluids of the Wangfeng gold deposit, Xinjiang” supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49672119).     

鲁西地区中元古代四堡期辉绿岩基本特征——以蒙阴野店及费县高家围子地区为例

蒙阴野店—费县高家围子一带辉绿岩广泛发育 ,多呈NNW向及近SN向岩墙分布 ,常成群产出。该辉绿岩是幔源基性岩浆沿区域性张裂隙 (刚性陆块伸展作用的结果 )上侵形成的 ,它标志着鲁西乃至整个华北地区早前寒武纪基底第三次克拉通化的完成 ,陆块从此进入稳定发展阶段。     

五台群是新太古代还是古元古代?同位素年代学研究评述

五台群长期被多数学者作为新太古代地层,自下而上分为石咀亚群、台怀亚群和高凡亚群,但同位素年代学研究给出了一些古元古代年龄,致使五台群形成时代及地层划分对比方案悬而未决.全面收集了五台群已有同位素年龄数据,仅锆石U-Pb谐和年龄数据就有800多组.数据显示,高凡亚群包括洪寺组和羊蹄沟组,沉积时间不早于2331±38 Ma...     

准噶尔造山带碰撞体制的成矿作用及金等矿床分布规律

准噶尔造山带是乌拉尔—蒙古造山带的重要组成部分。该区的碰撞造山作用主要发生在石炭纪和二叠纪,并经历了先挤压后伸展的演化过程。区内的金等矿床主要就位于晚石炭世—二叠纪,集中分布在碰撞造山作用较强烈的地带,矿床形成于碰撞作用的挤压—伸展转变期。因此该区金等矿床的成矿时间、空间和地球动力学背景等与碰撞造山作用发生的时间、空间及动力学背景完全吻合,表明适于用碰撞造山成矿模式指导找矿和研究。而该区矿床的实际分布也确与碰撞造山成矿模式完全一致。     

Tourmaline geochemistry and boron isotopic variations as a guide to fluid evolution in the Qiman Tagh W-Sn belt,East Kunlun,China

The Qiman Tagh W-Sn belt lies in the westernmost section of the East Kunlun Orogen, NW China, and is associated with early Paleozoic monzogranites, tourmaline is present throughout this belt. In this paper we report chemical and boron isotopic compositions of tourmaline from wall rocks, monzogranites, and quartz veins within the belt, for studying the evolution of ore-forming fluids. Tourmaline crystals hosted in the monzogranite and wall rocks belong to the alkali group, while those hosted in quartz veins belong to both the alkali and X-site vacancy groups. Tourmaline in the walk rocks lies within the schorl-dravite series and becomes increasingly schorlitic in the monzogranite and quartz veins. Detrital tourmaline in the wall rocks is commonly both optically and chemically zoned,with cores being enriched in Mg compared with the rims. In the Al-Fe-Mg and Ca-Fe-Mg diagrams,tourmaline from the wall rocks plots in the fields of Al-saturated and Ca-poor metapelite, and extends into the field of Li-poor granites, while those from the monzogranite and quartz veins lie within the field of Li-poor granites. Compositional substitution is best represented by the MgFe_(-1), Al(NaR)_(-1), and AlO(Fe(OH))_(-1) exchange vectors. A wider range of δ~(11)B values from -11.1‰ to -7.1‰ is observed in the wall-rock tourmaline crystals, the B isotopic values combining with elemental diagrams indicate a source of metasediments without marine evaporates for the wall rocks in the Qiman Tagh belt. The δ~(11)B values of monzogranite-hosted tourmaline range from -10.7‰ and-9.2‰, corresponding to the continental crust sediments, and indicate a possible connection between the wall rocks and the monzogranite. The overlap in δ~(11)B values between wall rocks and monzogranite implies that a transfer of δ~(11)B values by anataxis with little isotopic fractionation between tourmaline and melts. Tourmaline crystals from quartz veins have δ~(11)B values between -11.0‰ and-9.6‰, combining with the elemental diagrams and geological features, thus indicating a common granite-derived source for the quartz veins and little B isotopic fractionation occurred. Tourmalinite in the wall rocks was formed by metasomatism by a granite-derived hydrothermal fluid, as confirmed by the compositional and geological features.Therefore, we propose a single B-rich sedimentary source in the Qiman Tagh belt, and little boron isotopic fractionation occurred during systematic fluid evolution from the wall rocks, through monzogranite, to quartz veins and tourmalinite.     

大兴安岭北部小伊诺盖沟金矿床流体包裹体特征及地质意义

小伊诺盖沟金矿床位于大兴安岭北部额尔古纳地块,其地质、地球化学特征与产于大兴安岭中生代火山岩地区的浅成低温热液型金矿床具有明显区别。本文通过矿床流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温学和包裹体激光拉曼光谱分析研究成矿流体性质,探讨矿床成因类型。研究结果表明,流体包裹体有气液两相、含CO2三相和纯CO2包裹体3种类型。气相成分以CO2为主,其次是H2O,总体属NaCl-H2O-CO2体系;流体包裹体的盐度低,介于2.1%~8.5% NaCl eqv之间;包裹体均一温度介于169~493℃之间,平均为295℃,属中温热液矿床。其成矿压力为38~172MPa,平均93MPa,对应的成矿深度为4~11km,平均8km。小伊诺盖沟金矿床的地质-地球化学特征与世界造山型金矿类似,应属造山型金矿,其形成于蒙古-中朝板块与西伯利亚板块之间的陆-陆碰撞造山环境。     

The Geology and Tectonic Settings of China’s Mineral Deposits by Franco Pirajno

Springer Verlag,Berlin,2013,679 pp.ISBN:978-94-007-4443-1 China is the third largest country in the world,with a land area of about 9.6 million km2.It is endowed with abundant mineral resources,and the metal mining activity can be traced back to ca. 8000 years ago.However,due to language barrier,little has been known about the geology and tectonics to the outside world until     

陕西金龙山卡林型金矿带成矿流体地球化学研究

陕西金龙山金矿的流体包裹体研究表明，成矿流体属于Na^ -Cl^－型；从成矿早期到晚期，流体的氧化性增强，成矿深度逐渐变浅，大气降水混入增多，有机组分增多。石英包裹体的Na^ ,K^ ,SO4^2-,Cl^-以及阴，阳离子总量都高于同期共生的方解石，而Mg^2 和F^－则相反；含铁方解石的δ^13C，δ^18O和包裹体δ^D均低于方解石和石英。用配位化学理论将这些差异解释为同一流体系统水岩作用的结果。氢，氧，碳同位素指示了流体主要来自建造水和大气降水；流体中的碳主要来自围岩地层。