浅谈测绘监理在第三次国土调查中的运用 ——以益阳市第三次国土调查监理为例

从1988年建设部颁布《关于开展建设监理工作的通知》算起,在我国工程建设领域推行工程监理制度已有三十多年历史.工程监理在工程建设过程中发挥了重要作用,我国目前在工程领域建立了完善的监理法规及标准体系,形成了较为完整的工程监理机制.但在测绘领域,全面推行测绘监理仍尚需时日,有待健全.湖南省各市州第三次国土调查项目引入了监...     

Methods Comparison for Microsatellite Marker Development： Different Isolation Methods, Different Yield Efficiency

Microsatellite markers have become one kind of the most important molecular tools used in various researches. A large number of microsatellite markers are required for the whole genome survey in the fields of molecular ecology, quantitative genetics and genomics. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to select several versatile, low-cost, efficient and time- and labor-saving methods to develop a large panel of microsatellite markers. In this study, we used Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) as the target species to compare the efficiency of the five methods derived from three strategies for microsatellite marker development. The results showed that the strategy of constructing small insert genomic DNA library resulted in poor efficiency, while the microsatellite-enriched strategy highly improved the isolation efficiency. Although the mining public database strategy is time- and cost-saving, it is difficult to obtain a large number of microsatellite markers, mainly due to the limited sequence data of non-model species deposited in public databases. Based on the results in this study, we recommend two methods, microsatellite-enriched library construction method and FIASCO-colony hybridization method, for large-scale microsatellite marker development. Both methods were derived from the mi-crosatellite-enriched strategy. The experimental results obtained from Zhikong scallop also provide the reference for microsatellite marker development in other species with large genomes.     

钻井柱状图可视化查询系统的设计与实现

钻井柱状图是石油行业勘探开发最常用的一种图件。为了开发出灵活通用的钻井柱状图制作软件,为可视化分析提供良好基础,提出了“两库四类三层”系统设计方案,应用COM思想和模板定制技术,采用C#．net语言从底层进行了软件实现,所开发的软件模块具备一定的独立性和较好的通用性。     

Hematological changes in white spot syndrome virus-infected shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis (Osbeck)

The pathological changes of hemocytes in the haemolymph and hepatopancreas were examined in experimentally and naturally WSSV (white spot syndrome virus) infected Fenneropenaeus chinensis. The results showed that the pathological manifestations of hemocytes were similar among moribund shrimps infected via injection, feeding and by nature. Firstly, the total hemocyte counts (THCs) in WSSV-infected shrimp were significantly lower than those in healthy shrimp. Secondly, necrotic, broken and disintegrated cells were often observed, and a typical hematolysis was present in the haemolymph smear of WSSV-infected shrimp. Thirdly, necrosis and typical apoptosis of hemocytes were detected with TEM in the peripheral haemolymph of WSSV-infected shrimp. Hyalinocytes and semi-granulocytes with masses of WSSVs in their nuclei often appeared, whereas no granular hemocytes with WSSV were found in the hepatopancreas of moribund infected shrimps. All our results supported that hemocytes were the main target cells of WSSV, and hyalinocytes and semigranular hemocytes seemed to be more favorable for WSSV infection in F. chinensis.     

珠江口盆地阳江东凹古近系构造特征与勘探潜力

阳江东凹是近年来珠江口盆地(东部)的热点探区,过去四十余年受限于钻井数量与地震资料品质和覆盖范围,缺少对古近系的研究.随着勘探程度的提高,走向深层古近系是珠江口盆地油气勘探的必然趋势.本文在覆盖全区的高品质三维地震资料基础上,结合新近钻井和测井资料,系统解剖阳江东凹的构造特征及其对沉积充填的控制,并探讨古近系的勘探潜力...     

无机盐改性对沸石覆盖技术控制底泥氮磷释放的影响研究

通过试验,考察了无机盐改性对沸石覆盖控制底泥氮磷释放效果的影响,并对沸石覆盖技术控制底泥氮磷释放的机理进行初步探讨,结果表明:①NaCl及CaCl2改性对沸石吸附氨氮的性能影响不大;CaCl2改性可以提高沸石Ca2 的交换量而降低Na 的交换量,NaCl改性则可以明显降低Ca2 的交换量和增加Na 的交换量.②NaCl及CaCl2改性对沸石覆盖技术控制底泥氨氮的释放影响不大,而对控制底泥磷的释放则影响较大,沸石覆盖控制底泥磷释放效率从大到小依次为CaCl2改性沸石＞天然沸石＞NaCl改性沸石.③沸石覆盖技术控制底泥氨氮释放的机理为沸石的物理吸附和阳离子交换作用,控制底泥磷释放的机理包括沸石的机械阻挡作用和沸石与铵所交换出来的Ca2 对磷酸盐的固定作用.     

乳山湾邻近海域波浪特征要素规律研究

基于高分辨率MASNUM第三代海浪模式并根据Yuan等(2009)提出的波浪破碎统计物理模型,对乳山湾外海2008年各个季节波浪特征要素(有效波高和跨零周期等)与波浪破碎参数(白冠覆盖率、卷入深度和破碎能量损耗率)进行了数值模拟。利用Janson-1卫星高度计观测资料对有效波高模拟结果进行了检验,平均误差在0.17m左右。模拟结果显示,该海域波浪参数具有明显的季节变化特征,在2008-08乳山湾邻近海域受大风天气过程影响期间,有效波高在1.0~1.8m,破碎参数变化显著,白冠覆盖率最大达4.5%,卷入深度在1.5m以上,相应的破碎能量损耗率量值在6~11kg/s3。结果表明,波浪破碎过程对该区域海洋动力环境有着重要影响,是造成乳山湾口表层高溶解氧的可能机制之一。     

两个N－酰基神经鞘氨醇的分离和结构鉴定

从南海细枝竹节珊瑚Ｉｓｉｓｍｉｎｏｒｂｒａｃｈｌａｓｔａ及柔软肉芝软珊瑚Ｓａｒｃｏｐｈｙｔｏｎｍｏｌｌｅ中各分离得到一固体化合物Ⅰ与Ⅱ，经光谱数据分析及化学方法分析鉴定Ⅰ为一个含有三个双键的Ｎ－酰基神经鞘氨醇（首次是从柳珊瑚中分离得到的含多个不饱和键的Ｎ－酰基神经鞘氨醇）；Ⅱ为一个新的含有两个双键的Ｎ－酰基神经鞘氨醇。