Definition and Determination of Laminae in Ozone Profiles

Ozone profiles measured by sondes often display thin layers of substantially enhanced or depressed ozone concentration, which are called laminae. Laminae are important because they reveal much stronger long-term trends than the ozone concentration itself and seem to be more sensitive to various factors. The paper presents our definition and method of determination of laminae in comparison with other methods of lamina definition. This is important for clarifying some differences between the lamina-related results of different authors and for examination of long-term trends in lamina characteristics. The sensitivity of long-term trends to changes of methods of lamina determination is tested and found small, without a noticeable influence of changes of methods on trends.     

Ammonia Removal from Tannery Wastewaters by Selective Ion Exchange on Slovak Clinoptilolite

The purpose of the work was to verify and demonstrate, on a pilot plant scale, the applicability of the Slovak clinoptilolite as a natural selective ion exchanger for the removal of ammonia from tannery wastewaters. During the pilot treatment experiments at an industrial wastewater treatment plant of the Shoe Manufacturing Industry Svit-Otrokovice, about 260 m³ of wastewaters were treated. The regeneration process was carried out with 2% NaCl (pH = 9, NaOH) and the eluate was distributed into 3 fractions. Only the most concentrated ammonia fraction was stripped in the renovation step. The economic efficiency of the studied method was compared with the biological nitrification-denitrification method.     

Molecular structure of kerogens from source rocks of the Tarim Basin: A study by Py-GC-MS and methylation-Py-GC-MS

Kerogen is the organic matter in sediments that isneither soluble in common organic solvents nor in hy-drous alkaline solvents[1]. It is the most important or-ganic matter on the earth and regarded as the majorsource of natural gas and petroleum. Being the mac-romolecule, kerogen is not readily to be contaminatedby other organic matter. It is the most reliable indige-nous organic matter in sediments[2]. The structure of kerogen is one of the key sub-jects of organic geochemical studies in…     

珠江广州河段重污染沉积物中多环芳烃赋存状态初步研究

对珠江广州河段重污染沉积物进行粒度分级 (>500 μm、500～ 220 μm、220～ 63 μm、63～ 22 μm和 < 22 μm),每个粒级的样品进行重液分离,收集轻组分 (有机质 )和重组分 (主要为无机矿物及无定型有机质 ).在显微镜下对沉积物中不同粒径轻重组分的吸附剂进行鉴定,对其中的多环芳烃进行定量分析,结果表明,白鹅潭样品中有机质占总质量的 9.10%,富集了 81.55%的多环芳烃,无机矿物和无定型有机质占 90.92%,富集了 18.45%的多环芳烃;黄埔样品中有机质占总质量的 8.95%,富集了 56.50%的多环芳烃,无机矿物和无定型有机质占 91.15%,富集了 43.50%的多环芳烃.轻组分中的有机吸附剂对多环芳烃的富集能力比重组分无机矿物和无定型有机质高 1～ 2个数量级,轻组分有机吸附剂中焦碳和碳黑富集能力较高,植物碎屑较低.总有机碳和碳黑的含量与多环芳烃的富集能力没有明显的相关性.     

黄土高原南北样带不同土层土壤水分变异与模拟

为掌握黄土高原区域尺度土壤水分的时空分异特征及其影响因素,在黄土高原布设一条南北方向样带（N=86）,动态监测0~5 m剖面土壤含水率。采用经典统计学方法分析了土壤蓄水量的分布规律、变异特征及影响因素。结果表明:不同土层土壤水分均呈中等程度变异,并由南向北递减,样带0~5 m剖面平均土壤蓄水量为735 mm;随着土层深度的增加,土壤水分在空间上的变异增强,而在时间上的变异减弱,表明深层土壤水分具有较强的时间稳定性特征。干燥度、黏粒、归一化植被指数和坡度是影响区域土壤水分空间分布的主要因素,可作为一定置信水平上预测区域土壤水分空间分布状况的预测变量。     

北京朝阳门更新世水牛化石的发现及其意义

北京朝阳门地区一件不完整的下凳骨化石，代表了中更新世中期至晚更新世早期德氏水牛（Bubalus teilhardi)在北京城区的首次发现，具有重要的地层学，古气候学意义，该化石的发现表明，北京城区在十几万年前气候较为温暖湿润。     

Peri-Amazonian,Avalonian-type and Ganderian-type terranes in the South Carpathians,Romania: The Danubian domain basement

The Danubian domain basement of the South Carpathians, Romania, comprises two Neoproterozoic continental crustal fragments, the Dr?g?an and Lainici-P?iu? terranes, which were sutured by the closure of an intervening oceanic domain, the Ti?ovi?a terrane. Magmatic and detrital zircons extracted from an orthogneiss, four granitoid plutons, two metasedimentary units, and a Liassic sandstone were dated by zircon U/Pb LA-ICP-MS. The F?ge?el augen gneiss from the Dr?g?an terrane basement yielded an age of 803.2 ± 4.4 Ma, the oldest well-constrained crystallization age reported from the Romanian Carpathians basement. The Tismana, ?u?i?a, Novaci and Olte? granitoid plutons, which intrude the Lainici-P?iu? terrane basement, yielded ages of 600.5 ± 4.4, 591.0 ± 3.5, 592.7 ± 4.9, and 588 ± 2.9 Ma, respectively. The Tismana granitoid age of 600 Ma and the youngest detrital zircon ages of 637–622 Ma from a metaquartzite within the Lainici-Paiu? terrane, constrain the deposition of the metaquartzite protolith to ca. 620–600 Ma. The 803 Ma age represents an old Pan-African age, whereas the younger Neoproterozoic ages suggest Pan-African/Cadomian thermotectonic events. Detrital and inherited zircon ages within the Dr?g?an and Lainici-Paiu? terranes attest to a peri-Amazonian, Avalonian-type provenance for the Dr?g?an terrane and possibly a Ganderian-type provenance for the Lainici-P?iu? terrane. The Lainici-P?iu? terrane rifted off Gondwana before the Dr?g?an terrane. Both terranes were attached to Moesia during the Early Paleozoic.     

深海拖缆勘探导航数据预处理方法

深海拖缆勘探导航测量的数据质量差,出现粗差的可能性大,数据预处理过程(主要包括粗差探测、滤波平滑和数据历元化等)是数据处理的重点和难点之一。文中探讨并设计了一种预处理方法:首先通过稳健估计拟合曲线的方法探测粗差;然后滤波平滑削弱观测噪声的影响,同时进一步处理残留粗差得到较"干净"的观测值;最后进行历元化内插得到各历元时刻的观测值,为数据处理做好准备工作。     

顾及共模误差的大区域GPS网坐标时间序列噪声分析

噪声分析对GPS时间序列分析有着重要影响,然而针对时间跨度较长的大尺度GPS网的共模误差相关研究较少。本文选取了平均基线长度大于2000 km的欧洲地区9个GPS台站2006-2014年的数据,使用主成分分析法剔除坐标时间序列的共模误差,同时利用极大似然估计的方法对滤波前后的时间序列进行了噪声分析。结果表明,欧洲地区广域GPS网的噪声模型存在多样性,各个分量具有不同的噪声特性,主要表现为白噪声+闪烁噪声、白噪声+幂率噪声,少部分台站N、E两个方向含有随机漫步噪声。经过空间滤波后,部分台站最优噪声模型发生改变,但仍以白噪声+闪烁噪声、白噪声+幂率噪声为主。滤波对N、E方向速度场影响为0.2 mm/a,U方向速度场影响为0.5 mm/a。     

北祁连山中西段塞浦路斯型铜矿特征、成矿作用及找矿标志

本文总结北祁连山中西段塞浦路斯型铜矿特征及找矿标志,获得如下认识:1成矿环境为奥陶纪亲弧扩张脊(岛弧扩张脊和弧后扩张脊),容矿岩石为蛇绿岩套上部火山-沉积岩系;矿床成矿金属组合为铜锌,贫铅;2矿床地质模型为蘑菇状,蘑菇茎代表沿热液通道的柱状矿体,蘑菇伞代表在热液喷流口周围海底展开的透镜状、似层状矿体,伞翼之下为基性火山岩,伞上常覆盖碧玉岩,成矿环境不稳定时,缺失碧玉岩。近喷流口位置矿体Cu>Zn,远喷流口位置矿体Cu 关键词: 北祁连山/亲弧扩张脊/塞浦路斯型铜矿