Using Mesoproterozoic sedimentary geochemistry to reconstruct basin tectonic geography and link organic carbon productivity to nutrient flux from a Northern Australian large igneous Province

The Beetaloo Sub-basin, northern Australia, is considered the main depocentre of the 1,000-km scale Mesoproterozoic Wilton package of the greater McArthur Basin – the host to one of the oldest hydrocarbon global resources. The ca. 1.40–1.31 Ga upper Roper Group and the latest Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic unnamed group of the Beetaloo Sub-basin, together, record ca. 500 million years of depositional history within the North Australia Craton. Whole-rock shale Sm–Nd and Pb isotope data from these sediments reveal sedimentary provenance and their evolution from ca. 1.35 to 0.85 Ga. Furthermore, these data, together with shale major/trace elements data from this study and pyrolysis data from previous publications, are used to develop a dynamic tectonic geography model that links the organic carbon production and burial to an enhanced weathering of nutrients from a large igneous province. The ca. 1.35–1.31 Ga Kyalla Formation of the upper Roper Group is composed of isotopically evolved sedimentary detritus that passes up, into more isotopically juvenile Pb values towards the top of the formation. The increase in juvenile compositions coincides with elevated total organic carbon (TOC) contents of these sediments. The coherently enriched juvenile compositions and TOC the upper portions of the Kyalla Formation are interpreted to reflect an increase in nutrient supply associated with the weathering of basaltic sources (e.g. phosphorous). Possible, relatively juvenile, basaltic sources include the Wankanki Supersuite in the western Musgraves and the Derim Derim–Galiwinku large igneous province (LIP). The transition into juvenile, basaltic sources directly before a supersequence-bounding unconformity is here interpreted to reflect uplift and erosion of the Derim Derim–Galiwinku LIP, rather than an influx of southern Musgrave sources. A new baddeleyite crystallisation age of 1,312.9 ± 0.7 Ma provides both a tight constraint on the age of this LIP, along with its associated magmatic uplift, as well as providing a minimum age constraint for Roper Group deposition. The unconformably overlying lower and upper Jamison sandstones are at least 300 million years younger than the Kyalla Formation and were sourced from the Musgrave Province. An up-section increase in isotopically juvenile compositions seen in these rocks is interpreted to document the progressive exhumation of the western Musgrave Province. The overlying Hayfield mudstone received detritus from both the Musgrave and Arunta regions, and its isotopic geochemistry reveals affinities with other early Neoproterozoic basins (e.g. Amadeus, Victoria and Officer basins), indicating the potential for inter-basin correlations.     

基于地理探测器和GWR模型的中国重点镇布局定量归因

重点镇是小城镇发展的龙头,形成科学合理的重点镇布局对优化中国城市化战略格局有重要意义。论文以2004年和2014年分别公布的1887个和3675个全国重点镇为样本,对其分布及效应的变动特征进行探究,进而在地级尺度对重点镇布局的影响因子及其作用进行地理探测和局部空间回归。结果表明：① 经增补调整,中国重点镇布局及建设效应的均衡性增强,主要集聚区西移北扩,冷热点的分布突破“胡焕庸线”,经济辐射效应的分化程度减弱,体现出政策因素的有力影响。除县际均衡和区域倾斜政策外,重点镇的分布还受到海拔高度、公路网密度、常住人口城镇化率等因子的显著作用。② 因子探测器、GWR模型和交互作用探测器的结合能更精准地刻画影响因子的作用方式、方向、路径和强度。中国重点镇的布局不是5个显著性因子均匀、独立、直接作用的结果,而是影响均具空间异质性的各因子两两交互作用后增效的产物。③ 县际均衡政策与其他因子的协同作用是形成现有重点镇分布格局的主导力量;区域倾斜政策的效果总体较好,但目标区域还需更准确。     

China’s rural revitalization and development: Theory,technology and management

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The urban-rural transformation from dichotomy to integration is a gradual process. Like rural areas in many countries, Chinese rural society is experiencing a...     

Spatiotemporal analysis of COVID-19 risk in Guangdong Province based on population migration

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Population migration, especially population inflow from epidemic areas, is a key source of the risk related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic....     

无人机在露天矿山监测中的应用

在露天矿山开采过程中,对矿山进行实时动态监测很有必要,它不仅能够实时掌握开采进度和开采方案实施的准确性,还有利于数字矿山建设。本文以河北省保定市涞源县某露天矿区为例,利用Pix4Dmapper软件对无人机航拍影像进行数据采集与处理,获取矿区的三维点云数据、数字正射影像和数字地表模型,并利用ArcGIS和Global Mapper软件对生产成果进行矿山开发占地分析,实现露天矿山三维可视化。本文为准确掌握矿山环境治理执行情况,把握矿山开发整体情况给予了有力的参考和借鉴作用。     

中文村名俗称与规范名称的匹配算法

随着数字化的发展,越来越多的应用要求通过采用自然语言文字描述直接找到对应的详细的地址信息,并能够在空间位置上进行显示,即地名地址匹配空间化过程。然而,现今在地名的规范化角度还存在着很多问题,在乡镇或街道办及以上的行政等级的命名中都已基本规范统一,但是在村庄级的命名中还有待进一步的完善。所以本文通过对国内外文献研究,规范村名命名规律,匹配算法研究进一步加深中文村名俗称与规范名称的匹配算法的研究。     

不同测站点云数据的配准算法

随着三维激光扫描技术的发展,利用三维激光扫描仪采集信息,构建三维模型成为了热门的课题。由于受到观测环境、观测方向等影响,无法一次性地获得物体的所有的点云数据。因此,不同视角下点云数据的配准成为了三维建模中的关键技术,直接影响了最终的重合结果以及模型精度。本文着重研究主方向贴合法和最近点迭代算法(ICP算法),基于matlab平台编写算法,并对算法进行研究,得出配准结果以及配准精度。     

内点最大化与冗余点控制的无人机遥感图像配准

利用小型无人机进行遥感图像配准在自然灾害损害评估、环境监测和目标检测与追踪等领域发挥着至关重要的作用,但小型无人机的图像采集过程容易受风速/风向、复杂地形、电池容量、飞行姿态、飞行高度等自然或人为因素的影响。这些问题通常会导致捕捉到的场景重叠率低与图像非刚性畸变,在特征点提取过程中产生大量冗余点,增加了图像配准的难度。本文提出一种基于特征点的小型无人机图像配准方法,该方法的核心思想是在配准过程中识别冗余点,同时最大化可用内点数量。所识别的冗余点当作控制点,用于控制网格代图像的运动。最后通过最大化内点和合理移动控制点来恢复图像变换。本文使用50对小型无人机图像进行特征匹配和图像配准的实验,其中平均配准精度可达80.38%,并且本文方法在所有的情况下都优于5种当前流行算法。     

Similarity measurement on human mobility data with spatially weighted structural similarity index (SpSSIM)

Understanding diverse characteristics of human mobility provides profound knowledge of urban dynamics and complexity. Human movements are recorded in a variety of data sources and each describes unique mobility characteristics. Revealing similarity and difference in mobility data sources facilitates grasping comprehensive human mobility patterns. This study introduces a new method to measure similarities on two origin–destination (OD) matrices by spatially extending an image‐assessment tool, the structural similarity index (SSIM). The new measurement, spatially weighted SSIM (SpSSIM), utilizes weight matrices to overcome the SSIM sensitivity issue due to the ordering of OD pairs by explicitly defining spatial adjacency. To evaluate SpSSIM, we compared performances between SSIM and SpSSIM with resampling the orders of OD pairs and conducted bootstrapping to test the statistical significance of SpSSIM. As a case study, we compared OD matrices generated from three data sources in San Diego County, CA: U.S. Census‐based Longitudinal Employer–Household Dynamics Origin–Destination employment statistics, Twitter, and Instagram. The case study demonstrated that SpSSIM was able to capture similarities of mobility patterns between datasets that varied by distance. Some regions showed local dissimilarity while the global index indicated they were similar. The results enhance the understanding of complex mobility patterns from various datasets, including social media.     

湖南省武陵山片区人口城镇化与流通产业发展协同演化及其减贫效应研究

运用协同度模型、空间ESDA、趋势面分析和面板计量回归模型,分析湖南省武陵山片区2001—2017年人口城镇化与流通产业发展协同的时空演化特征及其减贫效应。研究发现：湖南省武陵山片区人口城镇化与流通产业协同发展整体呈上升趋势但水平偏低,不同板块间协同水平差异显著且有扩大倾向;具有“集聚–分散–集聚”空间循环过程,局部空间极化效应明显,形成邵阳板块的显著热点区和湘西自治州板块的显著冷点区;协同发展“东高西低”空间分布格局更趋明显,“北高南低”分布态势减弱;两者协同发展对农民收入提升、贫困减缓具有显著正向促进作用,进一步空间效应分解发现协同减贫的空间正外溢性显著;实施人口城镇化与流通产业发展“双轮”协同驱动战略是实现乡村振兴的现实需要,也是落实高质量脱贫方略的重要支撑。