旱直播水稻的农业气象条件研究

通过１９９０年，１９９１年连续两年的分期播种试验，分析了旱直播水稻的光温特性及其与空秕率的关系，并根据当地气候特点，提出旱直播水稻的最佳及安全播种期和抽穗期。     

Studies of Nitrous Oxide Emission from Farmlands in North China

Measurements of nitrous oxide emission from agricultural lands were conducted. The results show that nitrous oxide fluxes on several soils are at the range of 2-60 μg . N / m2 h. Factors influencing the production rates of nitrous oxide from the soils, such as soil temperature, soil moisture and fertilization, are discussed. The calculated amount of nitrous oxide emission from China farmlands is 9.8 × 107 Kg . N per year, which accounts for about 10% of the total source strength in China areas.     

历史上10年—100年尺度气候跃变的分析

利用史料重建了华北海河流域和陕西关中地区两千多年来的旱涝变化概况.采用移动符号检验法和移动T检验法分析了其中的几十和几百年尺度的跃变现象.通过比较海河、关中以及河南等地区的同期变化,区分出局地性和非局地性两类跃变事件;并通过个例分析指出了华北地区气候跃变和季风环流形势的可能联系.本文还对10~1—10~2年尺度气候跃变的发生频率和变化程度作了一般估计.     

铅在灰钙土土壤—植物系统与环境中的迁移和环境容量

本文通过作物盆栽试验、区域调查、农田径流和淋溶试验以及土壤生化活性和微生物试验,研究了铅在土壤、植物、水体中的迁移和累积,并通过迁移模式的计算得出了铅的土壤临界浓度和环境容量。     

三元体系Li~+,Mg~(2+)∥SO_4~(2-)—H_2O 25℃相关系及溶液物化性质的研究

研究了三元体系Li~+,Mg~(2+)∥SO_4~(2-)—H_2O在25℃时的相关系和平衡液相的密度、粘度、折光率、电导等物化性质,该体系为简单共饱型,两段溶解度曲线对应于体系的两种原始组份Li_2SO_4·H_2O和MgSO_4·7H_2O的结晶区,无复盐和固溶体形成,亦无脱水作用发生,应用电解质溶液Pitzer模型检测该体系25C的溶解度,并用经验或半经验公式对平衡液相的密度和折光率进行了理论计算,计算值与实验值非常接近。     

SETTLING PROPERTIES OF COHESIVE AND NON-COHESIVE PARTICULATE MIXTURES IN WATER

1. INTRODUCTIONAs a wide range of size distirbution including usually a certain POrtion of cohesive material is thecommon feature of the sediment constituting hyperconcentrated flows. it is desirable to study the settling properties of mixtures of cohesive and non--cohesjve sediment particles at high concentrations.Past studies on the settling of discrete particles in a suspension of fine cohesjve sediment is scarcein the literature. The Sediment Research Laboratory of Tsinghua Universi…     

Time domain solution for multiple scattering and the coda envelopes

This article summarizes work on multiple scattering based on models of media with randomly distributed scatterers. The scatterers are isotropic and statistically uniform. Measuring distance in terms of mean-free pathL _s and time in terms of the mean-free timesL _s/V, whereV is the velocity of scattered waves, we have more convenient dimensionless distance and time. It can be shown that after the dimensionless time equals 0.65 energy contributed from multiple scattering becomes predominant. Thus the later coda reflects the effect of multiple scattering rather than single scattering. Treating the seismic record, including starting and tail parts, as a whole, the diffusion theory predicts that at a dense distribution of scatterers and a small distance between source and receiver, codas reflect mainly intrinsicQ _i. Of course, this conclusion is coincident with the presumption of the diffusion theory,Q _s>Q _i. However, from a new integral equation of multiple scattering, which deals with the scattered waves and primary waves separately, the conclusion is similar but clearer. This article quotes the new expression for coda energy in two-dimensional space. It shows that if the receiver is close to the source, the coda decay reflects only intrinsicQ _i, then as the distance increases, effects of scatteringQ _s, are involved in the decay feature. The theoretical plots of coda decay show that it seems in most cases in the earthQ _i should not be smaller than one tenth ofQ _s.Project Sponsored by the Joint Earthquake Science Foundation of China.     

湖北省钟祥第四纪冰缘融冻构造的发现及其意义

笔者于1986年在钟祥首次发现了第四纪地层间的冰缘融冻构造——古冰楔与揉皱,其时代为早更新世末期—中更新世初期。它的发现不仅为建立本区第四纪地层层序,而且为确定更新世北方冰缘冻土的南界和研究长江中下游更新世古气候环境的演变提供了重要的科学依据。     

用时间序列模拟和预报天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川年径流总量

本文把1958—1984年天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川的融水径流总量的时间序列X(t),分解为趋势项L(t)、周期项P(t)、平稳项S(t)、随机项ε(t),使该时间序列表示为X(t)=L(t)+P(t)+S(t)+ε(t)。采用非线性回归提取L(t),用谱分析和Fourier级数提取P(t),余差用自回归方程建模,用上述项的叠加作出预报,按相关指数公式计算R=0.90,效果良好。