三种海产帘蛤目贝类的核型研究

以大竹蛏、紫石房蛤和中国蛤蜊的鳃组织为材料,经注射植物血球凝集素和秋水仙素处理,低渗作用后,采用滴片法和压片法制片,对3种贝的核型进行了研究.结果表明,3种贝类的二倍体染色体数均为38条,大竹蛏的核型为26m+6sm+2st+4t,NF=0;紫石房蛤的核型为32m+2sm+4st/t,NF=2;中国蛤蜊的核型为20m+16sm+2st/t,NF=4.在3种贝类的染色体中均未发现随体及性染色体.     

Merger Dynamics of the Pair of Galaxy Clusters——A399 and A401

Convincing evidence for a past interaction between the two rich clusters A399 and A401 was recently found in the X-ray imaging observations. We examine the structure and dynamics of this pair of galaxy clusters. A mixture-modeling algorithm was applied to obtain a robust partition into two clusters, which allowed us to discuss the virial mass and velocity distribution of each cluster. Assuming that these two clusters follow a linear orbit and they have once experienced a close encounter, we model the binary cluster as a two-body system. As a result, four gravitationally bound solutions are obtained. The recent X-ray observations seem to favor a scenario in which the two clusters with a true separation of 5.4h-1 Mpc are currently expanding at 583 km s-1 along a direction with a projection angle of 67.5°, and they will reach a maximum extent of 5.65 h-1 Mpc in about 1.0 h-1 Gyr.     

Differential gene expression in the body wall of the sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus) under strong lighting and dark conditions

Sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus is very sensitive to light changes. It is important to study the influence of light on the molecular response of A. japonicus. In this study, RNA-seq provided a general overview of the gene expression profiles of the body walls of A. japonicus exposed to strong light("light"), normal light("control") and fully dark("dark") environment. In the comparisons of "control" vs. "dark", "control" vs. "light" and "dark" vs."light", 1 161, 113 and 1 705 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were identified following the criteria of|log_2 ratio|≥1 and FDR≤0.001, respectively. Gene ontology analysis showed that "cellular process" and "binding"enriched the most DEGs in the category of "biological process" and "molecular function", while "cell" and "cell part" enriched the most DEGs in the category of "cellular component". And the DEGs were mapped to 214, 41 and229 pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database, and 51, 2 and 57 pathways were significantly enriched, respectively. Light-specific DEGs identified in this study will be important targets for further investigation to establish the biochemical mechanisms involved in the adaption of this sea cucumber to changes in the level of environmental light.     

Coherent spectroscopy of a strongly driven triple quantum dot molecule

Based on a calculation model, we study the interference phenomena of serially coupled V-type and Λ-type triple quantum dots (CTQDs) driven simultaneously by a strong driving field and a weak probe field. Strongly depending on the configuration of the three-level CTQD, the probe absorption spectra, which are shown in the tunneling current, exhibit various quantum coherence properties. In the case where the two pairs of transitions of the CTQD have a small eigenfrequency difference Δω, the double-coupling effect of the driving field results in two Autler-Townes doublets and one weak Mollow triplet in one spectrum. With the value of Δω increasing, only one Autler-Townes splitting remains due to the single-coupling of the field. We also find that the effect of spontaneous emission of phonons may lead to an obvious background current, which can be used to distinguish which transition is driven by the driving field in experiment. The interesting quantum property of a CTQD revealed in our results suggests its potential applications in quantum modulators and quantum logic devices.     

Analyzing qualitative and quantitative changes in coastal wetland associated to the effects of natural and anthropogenic factors in a part of Tianjin,China

Natural and anthropogenic factors in coastal wetland changes are widely discussed in wetland studies. Previous literatures have demonstrated that many factors may cause wetland change and argued that the global climate change and nutrient enrichment may become the most important ones in the next 50 years. Through field investigation, with the help of remote sensing technology and geographic information system, this research discusses the wetland change in Tianjin under the great pressure of rapid economic development, population growth, and sea-level rising. These findings include: (1) the wetland area expanded from 466.50 km² to 658.38 km² between 1987 and 1998, but it shrank to 550.5 km² by the year of 2006. (2) The results show that the groundwater has not been contaminated while the surface water has been polluted. (3) The questionnaire survey shows that the social environment in some specific ways impedes the protection of natural reserve. In order to achieve the harmony between human and nature, feasible countermeasures on how to keep ecological balance should be immediately taken. Consequently, natural conservation and sustainable economic development will be realized.     

影响北京地区的沙尘暴

利用1971－1996年的地面气象月报和地面天气图资料，借助地理信息系统，逐次分析了影响北京地区沙尘暴天气过程的演变规律，确定了影响北京地区沙尘暴天气过程的移动路径和源地。结果表明：北京地区沙尘暴主要发生在春季和初夏，以4月为最多。根据沙尘暴的起源，可将影响北京的沙尘暴天气过程分为外源型和内源型两类。沙尘暴的移动路径主要包括北路和西路两条。外源型沙尘暴的入侵地点集中在：1）内蒙古乌兰察布盟和锡林郭勒盟西部的二连浩特市、阿巴嘎旗；2）哈密市以东至内蒙古阿拉善盟的中蒙边境。内源型沙尘暴的起源地主要集中在腾格里沙漠及其周边地区。     

柔性承台板与群桩的竖向动力作用

采用动力文克尔地基模型模拟均质粘弹性土层,推导出了均质土中单桩动阻抗;引用桩-桩动力相互作用因子,得到了刚性承台下群桩的动阻抗;而且建立了柔性承台与桩基础的竖向振动模型,该模型考虑了筏板自身的变形,并导出了其共同作用的运动方程。最后对柔性承台与刚性承台的计算结果作了对比分析。     

内蒙古沙麦钨矿区高分异花岗岩独居石U-Pb定年及成矿意义

兴蒙造山带是中国北方重要的多金属成矿带,产出有一系列的钨多金属矿床。沙麦钨矿位于内蒙古二连浩特—东乌旗成矿带东侧,是兴蒙造山带发育的典型石英脉型钨矿床之一。通过对沙麦矿区出露的花岗岩开展独居石U-Pb测年,总结区域钨矿化的成矿年龄与矿化特征,探讨区域钨矿成矿时序及构造动力学背景。测年结果显示,沙麦矿区中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩、似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS独居石U-Pb谐和年龄分别为(141.6±1.1) Ma和(141.4±0.3) Ma,进一步确认沙麦钨矿形成于早白垩世。而二连浩特—东乌旗成矿带及其邻区钨矿化存在晚石炭世—早二叠世、早白垩世两期,成矿时代分别发生于约300 Ma和140～130 Ma。300 Ma成矿期钨成矿作用受古亚洲洋的影响;140～130 Ma成矿期为区域钨矿成矿作用高峰期,成矿作用受到古太平洋和蒙古—鄂霍次克洋构造体系叠加作用的影响。     

SAR重构分辨率对海冰侧向融化量预测影响研究

利用RADASAT-2的海冰SAR图像,分别采用Prewitt、Sobel和Canny边缘检测算子计算图像范围内的海冰周长,分析不同图像分辨率、不同边缘检测算子分别对周长计算结果产生的影响。结合冰层侧向融化速率参数化方案进行了海冰侧向融化温度敏感性模拟实验,分析了图像重构分辨率对海冰侧向融化结果的影响。结果表明：海冰破碎程度不同时,对应不同的最佳边缘检测算子和最佳分辨率;仅考虑侧向融化时,随着温度升高,3种算子模拟的海冰面积融化趋势基本一致,均呈指数型增加,Prewitt算子模拟效果最好,对应的最佳重构分辨率为30 m×30 m、65 m×65 m和155 m×155 m。     

卫星观测的我国近海海域闪电分布特征

利用星载闪电探测仪OTD（optical transient detecter）和LIS(lightning imaging sensor)所获取的1995年6月—2006年4月的卫星闪电资料,结合NOAA Optimum Interpolation SST 海温资料,分析我国近海海域的闪电分布时空特征以及闪电活动与该海域海温之间的相关性。结果表明：我国近海闪电密度平均值为3.39 fl·km-2·a-1,其中,南海和渤海的闪电活动相对频繁,随着与海岸线间距离以及纬度的增加,该海域闪电密度逐渐下降;在春季和冬季,黑潮主干海域的海温值相对较高,该处闪电活动也明显强于同纬度的东海近海和太平洋海域,表明黑潮海域是强闪电活动区;在季节变化上,我国近海海域闪电活动与同海域海温呈明显正相关,相关系数达0.797,闪电活动与海温变化体现出了一致的变化趋势;而在年际变化上,我国近海海域闪电活动与该海域海温的线性相关不显著,说明我国近海海域海温的年际变化并不是引起该海域闪电活动年际变化的主要原因。