基于多源激光点云融合的建筑物BIM建模

墙体、窗户等单元构件是建筑物重要组成部分,精细提取其几何参数及位置信息对于完整表达建筑物整体模型具有重要意义.针对单一点云数据源无法获取建筑物单元构件相关参数并完整表达室内外模型重建问题,本文提出一整套融合室内外多源点云数据的BIM模型重建技术.为验证方法的有效性,选取河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院教学楼为实验区域...     

薄层状盐岩地下储气库工程地质条件及可行性分析

地下盐穴储气库安全性是蓄气运行的关键地质问题.针对平顶山盐田盐层薄、夹层多以及埋藏深等特征,从薄层状盐岩的渗透性、流变性以及稳定性3个方面,详细讨论了储气库的地质可储性及地面沉降问题.首先采集了纯盐岩、互层状盐岩、泥岩夹层3种岩石试样,分别进行了电镜扫描和不同应力水平下的三轴压缩蠕变试验,并应用CYT法对试验区进行了深部盐岩溶腔的探测.鉴于试验区多个采井影响区的重叠,地面沉降量实际监测结果比较复杂,绝对值偏小但具有波动性.综合上述地质特征,作出了平顶山地下盐穴储气库地质条件良好的结论,为我国同类工程提供一定的实际参考.     

Deterministic and Uncertainty Analysis of a Reservoir Slope Stability and Failure Mechanism Under Combined Action of Multi-hazards

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Influenced by continuous rainfall and water level fluctuation, a large number of landslide disasters occur in the reservoir areas in China every year,...     

Spatial co-location pattern mining of facility points-of-interest improved by network neighborhood and distance decay effects

The aim of mining spatial co-location patterns is to find the corresponding subsets of spatial features that have strong spatial correlation in the real world. This is an important technology for the extraction and comprehension of implicit knowledge in large spatial databases. However, existing methods of co-location mining consider events as taking place in a homogeneous and isotropic context in Euclidean space, whereas the physical movement in an urban space is usually constrained by a road network. Furthermore, previous works do not take the ‘distance decay effect’ of spatial interactions into account, which may reduce the effectiveness of the result. Here we propose an improved spatial co-location pattern mining method, including the network-constrained neighborhood and addition of a distance-decay function, to find the spatial dependence between network phenomena (e.g. urban facilities). The underlying idea is to utilize a model function in the interest measure calculation to weight the contribution of a co-location to the overall interest measure instance inversely proportional to the separation distance. Our approach was evaluated through extensive experiments using facility points-of-interest data sets. The results show that the network-constrained approach is a more effective method than the traditional one in network-structured space. The proposed approach can also be applied to other human activities (e.g. traffic accidents) constrained by a street network.     

1960年以来气候变化与人类活动对鄱阳湖流域生态径流改变的影响

基于鄱阳湖流域五河水文站1960-2013年逐日径流量和14个国家级气象站的日气象数据,本文利用长短记忆模型框架构建神经网络模型来开展鄱阳湖流域的径流过程模拟,结合生态赤字与生态盈余等生态径流指标,定量分析了鄱阳湖流域的水文变异特征.同时,利用差异化的情景模拟方式,定量区分了人类活动和气候变化对鄱阳湖流域生态径流变化的...     

基于机器学习的华北气温多模式集合预报的订正方法

模式预报的订正是决定局地天气预报结果的一个重要步骤,基于机器学习的后处理模型近年来开始崭露头角。本文发展了基于岭回归（Ridge）、随机森林（Random Forest,RF）和深度学习（Deep Learning,DL）的3种后处理模型,基于中国气象局（CMA）的BABJ模式、欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）的ECMF模式、日本气象厅（JMA）的RJTD模式和NCEP的KWBC模式这4个数值天气预报模式2014年2月至2016年9月（训练期）近地面2 m气温预报和实况资料确定各模型参数,进而对2016年10月至2017年9月（预报期）华北地区（38°N~43°N,113°E~119°E）的逐日地面2 m气温预报进行了多模式集合预报分析。采用均方根误差对预报效果进行评估,这3种后处理模型的预报效果和4个数值天气预报模式以及通常的多模式集合平均（Ensemble Mean,EMN）的预报效果的对比表明:1）随着预报时长增加,4个数值预报模式及各种后处理模型的均方根误差均呈上升趋势;但区域平均而言,Ridge、RF和DL的预报效果在任何预报时长上都明显优于EMN和单个天气预报模式;特别是前几天的短期预报DL的预报效果更好,中后期预报Ridge的预报效果略好。2）华北地区的东南部均方根误差较小,其余格点上均方根误差较高,从空间分布而言,DL的订正预报效果最好,3种机器学习模型的误差在1.24~1.26℃之间,而EMN的误差达1.69℃。3）夏季各种方法的预报效果都较好,冬季预报效果都较差;但是Ridge、RF和DL的预报效果明显优于EMN,这3种模型预报的平均均方根误差在2.15~2.18℃之间,而EMN的平均均方根误差达2.45℃。     

GPS/BDS-2/Galileo混合双差相对定位模型应用于短基线精密定位研究

对单/双频GPS/BDS/Galileo混合双差相对定位模型算法进行研究,推导了GPS/BDS/Galileo混合双差相对定位模型。选择短基线数据进行实验,对GPS、GPS/BDS标准双差、GPS/BDS混合双差、GPS/Galileo混合双差以及GPS/BDS/Galileo混合双差解算模式在定位精度、模糊度固定速度方面进行对比分析。结果表明,相对于GPS单系统或GPS/BDS双系统标准双差解算模式,双系统或三系统混合双差解算模式能有效提高模糊度首次固定时间,定位精度也有一定程度的提升。     

旅游影响下的地方音乐及其对地方的建构——以丽江古城为例

在旅游业发展影响下,丽江古城传统纳西古乐的主体地位迅速地被现代民谣音乐所取代。音乐是地方文化的重要组成部分,地方音乐的变化折射出地方文化的整体变迁。本文利用观察法、文本分析法对丽江古城的地方音乐形式、表达内容及展演场所进行调查,采用访谈法对音乐表演者、经营者与游客进行了深入的采访。研究发现：在旅游影响下,原本作为本地居民精神伴侣、融入在地方社会生活中的传统古乐转变为服务于游客的各类商业演艺活动,在场所和游客认同方面表现出“不得其所”的特征;而以现代民谣音乐为代表的流行音乐成为丽江古城的主流音乐形式,在丽江古城中“安适其位”。传统古乐建构了丽江古城的独特感,激发了游客的异乡感,现代民谣音乐更加渲染了丽江古城的“小资情调”,两种音乐均在游客的情感建构中起到了重要作用。研究旨在丰富旅游地文化变迁的研究视角,反思旅游与地方传统文化的关系,亦是对音乐与地方人地关系研究成果的有益拓展与补充。     

Computational investigation of typhoon-induced storm surge in Hangzhou Bay,China

The Hangzhou Bay faces frequent threats from typhoon-induced storm surge and has attracted considerable attentions of coastal researchers and environmental workers. A three-dimensional storm surge model system based on Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM) and analytical cyclone model is applied to investigate the hydrodynamic response in the Hangzhou Bay to tropical typhoon. This model has been used to reproduce the storm surge generated by Typhoon Agnes (No. 8114) and the simulated wind field and water elevations have been compared with the available field observations. A series of numerical experimental cases have been conducted to study the effects of land reclamation project (shoreline relocation and seabed deformation) and cyclonic parameters (minimal central pressure (MCP), radius to maximal wind (RMW) and translation speed (TS)) on the hydrodynamics in the Hangzhou Bay. The results show that the shoreline relocation and seabed deformation could generate much higher storm surge in the vicinity of reclamation project with the shoreline relocation making main contribution (about 70%) to this increase. It is found that among the cyclonic parameters, RMW is the most important factor affecting the peak surge in the Hangzhou Bay.     

改进Yolo-v3的视频图像火焰实时检测算法

为解决现有视频图像火焰检测方法精度低、速度慢的问题,提出了改进Yolo-v3的视频火焰实时检测算法.首先,在特征提取阶段,通过进一步融合多尺度特征提高网络对图像浅层信息的学习能力,以实现小火焰区域的精准识别;其次,在目标检测阶段,利用改进的K-means聚类算法优化多尺度先验框以适应火焰不同尺寸;最后,在改进Yolo-...