Magnetite-Fluorite Rock: A New Rock Type of Hot Water Sedimentation

The new type hot water sedimentary rock - magnetite-fluorite rock occurs as quasi-layers inflat parts of contact zones between rock body and strata in Bamiaushan of Changshan County,Zhejiang Province, China. The main mineral assemblage is fluorite magnetite cassiterite. The rockshows typical laminated structure and obvious mosaic texture. Its formation temperature is between123℃-160℃, averaging at 142℃. The major chemical composition of the rock includes CaF2, SiO2,Al2O3, FeO, and Fe2O3; the high-content microelement association includes W, Sn, Be, Rb, Sr, S, andCl; and the total content of REE is low (∑REE between 35.34x10-6-38.35x10-6), showing LREEenrichment type of distribution pattern. Diagenesis: driven by the tectonic stress, the formation waterheated in the deep strata had moved along the fissures or fractures in strata and had extractedcomponents from the strata on the way, and finally stagnated in the flat parts of contact zones betweenrock body and strata. With drop in temperature, magnetite and fluorite were separated from the hotwater and precipitated alternately, forming this hot water sedimentary rock with new typemineralogical composition, typical laminated structure, obvious mosaic texture and sub-horizontaloccurrence. The characteristics of the new type mineralogical composition, sedimentary tectonicenvironment and chemical composition are different from that of the well-known traditionalhydrothermai sedimentary rocks.     

A New Genus and Species of Sapeornithidae from Lower Cretaceous in Western Liaoning, China

Sapeornithidae is a basal pygostylian family of Early Cretaceous primitive birds, in which only one genus and species, Sapeornis chaoyangensis, was reported before. This paper deals with a new genus and species of this family, Didactylornis jii gen. et sp. nov., which was unearthed from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in western Liaoning. According to our phylogenetic analyses, both Didactylornis gen. nov. and Sapeornis form a sister group, which is basal to the clade formed by Confuciusornis and all the more derived birds, and more closely related to the short-tailed pygostylian birds than to the long-tailed avialian birds. The early history of pygostylian birds is poorly documented except for the studies of Confuciusornis and Sapeornis. The discovery ofDidactylornisjii gen. et sp. nov. adds the new material for the study on the early evolution of birds.     

南海北部深水盆地沉积-构造的差异性及其油气意义

南海北部深水区自西向东依次分布着琼东南盆地、珠江口盆地、台西南盆地等新生代被动陆缘盆地,这些盆地经历了大致相当的从裂陷到坳陷的构造演化史,但在张裂活动过程中存在着明显的沉积-构造的差异性。构造沉降特征分析显示:在同一构造带上自西向东有盆地主要构造沉降发生的时段逐步变晚的趋势;在不同构造带上自北向南有盆地主要构造沉降发生的时段逐步变晚的趋势。这种沉积-构造的差异性对烃源岩的发育类型、分布及生储盖组合等方面有明显的控制作用,表现为:裂谷期构造沉降幅度大的盆地,陆相烃源岩发育,以陆生陆储陆盖型成藏组合为主;裂后期构造沉降幅度大的盆地,海相烃源岩发育规模较大,海生海储海盖型成藏组合及混生海储海盖型生储盖组合所占分量逐渐增多。推测渐新统湖相-湖沼相及海陆过渡相源岩和中新统海相烃源岩应是南海北部深水区油气的主要来源,陆生海储海盖型、海生海储海盖型及混生海储海盖型生储盖组合应是深水区基本生储盖组合类型。     

小波技术在GPS基线解算数据预处理中的应用

采用小波技术对GPS观测数据进行处理。应用小波变换技术对GPS相位观测值进行周跳的探测和修复。GPS相位观测值可以作为时间序列来进行分析,作为时间函数,它所表现出来的是一条光滑度很好的曲线,一旦出现周跳,这种光滑性就被破坏,从发生周跳的历元开始,后继相位观测值序列发生等量阶跃,通过小波变换的信号特性检测原理,能够有效地探测出周跳的发生,这种方法对于缩小模糊度搜索空间及提高模糊度解的有效性有明显的作用,从而提高基线解算的精度。     

青海驼路沟钴矿成矿特征及控矿规律研究

驼路沟钴矿床位于东昆仑造山带昆南复合拼贴带内,是国内少数独立钴矿床之一.赋存地层为奥陶-志留纪纳赤台群哈拉巴依沟组,矿体呈似层状、透镜状产出,矿体产状与围岩一致,层位、构造控矿特征显著,变形变质强烈,沿走向和倾向均有斜列和波状弯曲、膨大、缩小现象.矿床热液叠加成矿显著,表现出"似层非层、似脉非脉"的特点,成矿后改造使矿段间差异性抬升和矿体侧伏明显,矿床成因为热水沉积-热液叠加改造型.     

"盆地聚集效应"与矿业城市经济的可持续发展

很多依赖矿产资源发展起来的矿业城市如今陷入了困境,原因在于其发展模式存在结构上的缺陷.在矿产资源日益稀缺、竞争不断加剧的时代,仅仅依靠矿产资源求发展是一种不可持续的模式.矿业城市应该构筑政策、环境、人才和市场等盆地,利用"盆地聚集效应",积极引进外部资源,完善产业结构,实现矿业城市经济的可持续发展.     

太湖入湖河道沉积物中生物利用磷和营养水平分析

为了解太湖入湖河道的营养状况,研究了太湖西部河流沉积物生物利用磷的组成与分布。研究结果显示,北部沉积物中营养元素较高,南部较低;沉积物中生物利用磷的含量次序为藻类可利用磷(AAP)>NaHCO3提取磷(OLP)>水溶性磷(WSP)>易解吸磷(RDP),其中AAP是重要的生物利用磷,AAP的比例越高,富营养化程度越高。AAP与营养元素的相关性在不同区域河道有所不同,北部河道与总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)相关性较好,中部和南部河道与沉积物有机质总量(TOM)相关性较好。沉积物的生物利用磷受不同污染源影响较大。对比河道沉积物与湖泊沉积物的特征,发现湖泊沉积物中生物利用磷(BAP)/总磷(TP)、藻类可利用磷(AAP)/总磷(TP)都高于河道沉积物,表明湖泊沉积物中的磷更容易被植物吸收。     

禹城市城乡用地结构和布局分析

统筹城乡用地、优化城乡用地结构和布局,既是节约和集约用地的重要途径,又是统筹城乡发展的客观需要。通过分析禹城市城乡用地结构和布局,提出优化城乡用地结构和布局的建议和对策,从而为制定合理的土地利用总体规划提供基本的依据。