Phosphorus removal from secondary effluents through integrated constructed treatment system

The treatment capacity of an integrated constructed treatment system (CTS) was explored which was designed to reduce phosphorus (P) from secondary effluents. The integrated CTS was combined with vertical-flow constructed wetland, floating bed and sand filter. The vertical wetland was filled from the bottom to the top with gravels, steel slag and peat. Vetiverzizanioides (L.) Nash was selected to grow in the vertical constructed wetland while Coixlacrymajobi L. was grown in floating bed. The results suggested that integrated CTS displayed excellent removal efficiency for chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved phosphorus (DP), and total phosphorus (TP). The average COD removal efficiency of the integrated CTS was 90.45% after 40 days of operation, the average DP and TP removal efficiencies of the integrated CTS were 97.43% and 96.40%, respectively. The integrated CTS has good potential in removing COD as well as P from secondary effluents.     

温差对泉州四至井水氡测值的影响分析

温度变化是影响水氡观测值的主要因素之一.通过1986-2009年泉州台四至井观测数据资料的分析,说明:调整观测室室内温度使其超过采集水样的原始温度,在运输水样过程中对水样采取保温措施,减小取样水温和鼓泡后水温的温差,能够得到更真实、准确的观测值.     

山东数字地震台网定位子台网 选取对定位结果的影响

选取山东及邻区4个不同区域的地震,分析“定位子台网”分布对地震定位精度的影响,研究“定位子台网”的选取规则.探讨两种台站分布情况下定位偏差、水平误差、拟合残差随空隙角、近台距离、远台距离的变化;定位偏差及水平误差与拟合残差的关系.结果显示,速报时选择4-9个分布相对合理的“定位子台网”参加定位,结果较好,使用水平误差估...     

三维交错网格有限差分地震波模拟的GPU集群实现

有限差分实现简单、速度快,作为地震波场模拟一种有效数值方法,被广泛用于正演计算密集的波形反演和逆时偏移中.三维地震波正演模拟计算量大,一直以来制约着三维叠前逆时偏移和反演的工业化应用,GPU通用计算技术的产生及其内在的数据并行性有望改变这一现状.本文通过分析三维交错网格有限差分方法在GPU上的实施,利用片内共享存储器实现了三维地震波数值模拟的高效算法,取得了较单核CPU快79x～108x的加速比;通过区域分解技术将单GPU上不能计算的地质体模型沿Z轴方向进行粗粒度分解,采用消息传递接口交换边界数据,运用MPI+CUDA的方式实现了大尺度三维地震波场模拟,并着重分析了影响GPU并行计算效率的一些关键因素.大尺度三维地震波场模拟的加速实现,为促进叠前逆时偏移和波形反演技术的工业化转化提供了可能,因此具有重要的研究意义.     

基于SMS/GPS/GIS地震灾情获取处理技术研究与实现

本文研究了基于Windows Mobile的SMS与GPS的嵌入式集成开发技术,以智能移动终端作为地震现场灾情获取与传输的手段;同时还研究了SMS与GIS的无缝集成技术,实现灾情信息的可视化分析,借助GIS空间分析技术进行地震现场灾情空间分布研究.本文建立了基于SMS、GPS和GIS相结合的地震灾情获取处理模式,并基于GSM移动网关和信息机实现了该方法.该方法的模式可以应用于多种远程信息获取领域.     

冬季审核地面气象资料的一些注意事项

对冬季较少出现的天气现象及其引伸的现象的资料处理情况进行概括,有助于台站处理审核原始资料。     

高空站后备电源维护方法

对目前高空站所使用的后备电源的维护方面,参考有关资料,结合台站的工作经验,总结出备份电源的维护与保障方法,为各台站在日常使用备份电源时提供一定参考。     

宁夏中奥陶统香山群徐家圈组大地构造环境分析

宁夏香山群为一套遭受轻微区域变质的陆源碎屑岩,并夹有少量碳酸盐岩和硅质岩,属于深水浊流沉积,从下到上可分为徐家圈组、狼嘴子组和磨盘井组。长期以来对香山群的研究主要集中在时代探讨上,而在其他方面较薄弱。本文以徐家圈组为主要研究对象,从浊积砂岩的碎屑颗粒类型百分含量、常量元素和微量元素等方面对其沉积时的大地构造环境进行了综合研究。结果表明:碎屑颗粒类型显示出典型的被动大陆边缘;常量元素的判别则出现了不确定性;微量元素则显示出了过渡性质。因此,香山群徐家圈组沉积时大地构造环境可能不是简单的被动大陆边缘,其物源极有可能来自被动大陆边缘、活动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧之间的带有过渡性质的源区。     

Extreme Cr-rich nano-oxides in the CI chondrite Orgueil - Implication for a late supernova injection into the solar system

Systematic variations in ⁵⁴Cr/⁵²Cr ratios between meteorite classes ( [Trinquier et al., 2007] and [Qin et al., 2010a]) point to large scale spatial and/or temporal isotopic heterogeneity in the solar protoplanetary disk. Two explanations for these variations have been proposed, with important implications for the formation of the Solar System: heterogeneous seeding of the disk with dust from a supernova, or energetic-particle irradiation of dust in the disk. The key to differentiating between them is identification of the carrier(s) of the ⁵⁴Cr anomalies. Here we report the results of our recent NanoSIMS imaging search for the ⁵⁴Cr-rich carrier in the acid-resistant residue of the CI chondrite Orgueil. A total of 10 regions with extreme ⁵⁴Cr-excesses (δ⁵⁴Cr values up to 1500‰) were found. Comparison between SEM, Auger and NanoSIMS analyses showed that these ⁵⁴Cr-rich regions are associated with one or more sub-micron (typically less than 200 nm) Cr oxide grains, most likely spinels. Because the size of the NanoSIMS primary O⁻ ion beam is larger than the typical grain size on the sample mount, the measured anomalies are lower limits, and we estimate that the actual ⁵⁴Cr enrichments in three grains are at least 11 times Solar and in one of these may be as high as 50 times Solar. Such compositions strongly favor a Type II supernova origin. The variability in bulk ⁵⁴Cr/⁵²Cr between meteorite classes argues for a heterogeneous distribution of the ⁵⁴Cr carrier in the solar protoplanetary disk following a late supernova injection event. Such a scenario is also supported by the O-isotopic distribution and variable abundances in different planetary materials of other presolar oxide and silicate grains from supernovae.     

Variation in n-alkane δD values from terrestrial plants at high latitude: Implications for paleoclimate reconstruction

The molecular hydrogen isotope composition (δD) of leaf waxes from terrestrial plants is increasingly used to infer hydrological characteristics of ancient high latitude climates. Analysis of the hydrogen isotope composition of n-alkanes (δD_n-alkane) from a global dataset of individual plants growing at low and middle latitudes indicates that plant ecological life form is an important factor in determining the hydrogen isotope fractionation. However, environmental and biological controls of high latitudinal leaf wax δD values are poorly understood because of a lack of δD records from modern flora in these regions. We previously noticed smaller apparent hydrogen isotope fractionations between n-alkanes and environmental water (ε_alk-water) in deciduous trees growing at high latitudes (>59°N; Liu, W.-G., Yang, H., 2008. Multiple controls for the variability of hydrogen isotopic compositions in higher plant n-alkanes from modern ecosystems. Global Change Biology 14, 2166-2177.) To further examine these issues, we measured δD_n-alkane from a variety of plants that inhabit high latitude environments and added critically needed leaf wax δD data from grass and herbs to the existing global δD_n-alkane database. Inclusion of these new data with the existing global dataset (n = 408) confirms plant ecological life form as an important control for leaf wax δD variation for terrestrial plants living at high latitudes. Our results suggest that, while precipitation δD is captured in these high latitude plants, physiological characters such as leaf area, venation pattern and hydraulic system, that enhance transpiration rate during summer growth, may impart δD_n-alkane differences among plants with different ecological life forms.