Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzo[a]pyrene in Yellow River Delta

Ecological risk assessment is of great significance to promoting the rational management effectively for the oil‐polluted areas. A comprehensive evaluation method of ecological risk, including probabilistic risk assessment and regional ecological risk assessment, is developed through employing the contaminant benzo[a]pyrene as an indicator to assess ecological risk of five oil mining plots, respectively in Yellow River Delta. In this study, firstly we evaluate the ecological risk probability of five oil mining plots using overlapping area of probabilistic curves, and the results show that local ecological risk varies between the maximum 0.4 and the minimum 0.01. Then we overlay boundaries of five administrative divisions in Yellow River Delta and the spatial distribution patterns of ecosystems to generate new risk receptor plaques, and calculate the integrated value of 30 specifically classified plaques for comprehensive evaluation of ecological risk. The results, fluctuating within the range of 0.00005 and 0.25, indicate that local government should be vigilant to ecological risk of benzo[a]pyrene to some extent, although the current situation is not severe in whole.     

径向基函数算法中插值参数对DEM精度的影响

以多重对数径向基函数插值算法中的插值参数为研究对象,选取了5种不同地貌类型的离散点数据,使用中误差度量指标,研究光滑因子、搜索点数、搜索方向对DEM插值精度的影响,给出插值参数的"最优"取值区间,消除插值参数选择的随意性,更好地指导DEM建模的运用。     

Modeling the morphology of gully cross sections in the Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley

Abstract

Characterizing gully cross sections (GCs) is essential for calculating the volume and erosion rate of the gully. However, little research has focused on modeling the morphology of GCs. This study investigated 456 GCs with a laser distance meter located at the mouth, middle, and head of 152 gullies in the Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley of China; mapped them with AutoCAD software; fitted them with 2nd–6th degree polynomial functions, and discussed the correlation between the coefficients and the morphology of GCs. The results showed that: (1) using a 2nd-degree polynomial function (y = ax² + bx + c) to describe the morphology of GCs produced a better result than other polynomial functions; (2) the coefficient a of 2nd-degree polynomial function was correlated with depth (r = ?0.226, p < 0.01), gradient (r = 0.545, p < 0.01), and activities; and (3) the symmetry axis (?b/2a) of 2nd-degree polynomial function increased with gully change from left-deflection to right-skewed, and the absolute value showed the asymmetrical degree (r = 0.216, p < 0.01). This study will not only help to understand the morphology and evolution of gullies, but will also provide a scientific basis for prevention of gully erosion.     

高速铁路桥梁沉降预测模型的对比分析

介绍高速铁路桥梁沉降变形的规律及沉降预测的判定标准,结合某高速铁路桥梁沉降观测资料,分别用规范双曲线法、修正双曲线法、三点法、Asaoka法和GM(1,1)法进行计算分析,通过比较预测沉降量与实测沉降量的残差并计算各模型的曲线回归相关系数,对比得出适用于高速铁路桥梁沉降预测的方法。     

TBC软件在高速铁路框架控制网基线解算的应用

根据高速铁路框架控制网的网形特点,以及目前国内外对CP0解算软件的使用现状,提出了利用TrimbleBusiness Center(TBC)软件对CP0进行解算的方案,并通过实例,将其解算结果与Gamit软件的解算结果进行对比分析,指出TBC软件完全可以满足不同长度基线解算的精度要求,为以后高速铁路框架控制网解算软件提供一种新的选择。     

Definitions of natural-language spatial relations: Combining topology and directions

Because SQL for querying data from spatial databases is ineffective, the query based on natural or visual language becomes an attractive research field gradually. However, how to define and represent natural languages related to spatial data are still gigantic problems. Because existing models of direction relations can't describe by use of some common concepts. First of all, detailed direction relations are proposed to describe the directions related to the interior of spatial objects, such as “east part of a region”, “east boundary of a region”, and so on. Secondly, by integrating the detailed directions with exterior direction relations and topological relations, several NLSRs are defined, such as “a road goes across the east part of a lake”, “a river goes along the east boundary of a province”, etc. Finally, based on the NLSRs abovementioned, a natural spatial query language (NSQL) is formed to retrieve data from spatial databases.     

A mechanism for formation of the western North Pacific monsoon trough: nonlinear upscale cascade

Linear and nonlinear barotropic vorticity model frameworks are constructed to understand the formation of the monsoon trough in boreal summer over the western North Pacific. The governing equation is written with respect to specified zonal background flows, and a wave perturbation is prescribed in the eastern boundary. Whereas a uniform background mean flow leads no scale contraction, a confluent background zonal flow causes the contraction of zonal wavelength. Under linear dynamics, the wave contraction leads to the development of smaller scale vorticity perturbations. As a result, there is no upscale cascade. Under nonlinear dynamics, cyclonic (anticyclonic) wave disturbances shift northward (southward) away from the central latitude due to the vorticity segregation process. The merging of small-scale cyclonic and anticyclonic perturbations finally leads to the generation of a pair of large-scale cyclonic and anti-cyclonic vorticity gyres, straddling across the central latitude. The large-scale cyclonic circulation due to nonlinear upscale cascade can be further strengthened through a positive convection-circulation feedback.

     

冈底斯构造带花岗岩型铀矿成矿条件分析

位于班公湖—怒江和雅鲁藏布江两条巨型板块结合带之间的冈底斯构造带,是一个经历了晚古生代—中生代复杂构造演化的碰撞造山带。复杂的构造演化控制着该区的岩浆岩演化,花岗岩极为发育,成因类型复杂。与铀成矿作用密切相关的"S"型花岗岩的分布受构造演化阶段的控制,主要为燕山晚期—喜山期构造—岩浆的产物,此类花岗岩较其它成因类型花岗岩铀含量高,具有较好的形成花岗岩型铀矿的成矿条件。     

CSAMT在昌黎-黄金海岸地热勘查中的应用

介绍了可控源音频大地电磁场法(CSAMT)的方法原理、野外工作方法、仪器设备及方法的特点,较详细的介绍了CSAMTI法在昌黎-黄金海岸地热勘查中的应用实例与效果,表明该法是一种行之有效的物探方法,在地热资源勘查工作中可发挥较好的作用,应当积极推广应用.     

华南造山带下寒武统和中奥陶统发现放射虫

在华南造山带江西萍乡下寒武统牛角河组泥质板岩和湖南永州中奥陶统烟溪组硅质岩中首次发现放射虫。放射虫的发现表明萍乡—永州一带寒武纪—中奥陶世存在相当规模的处于低纬度的海盆。