三江地区义敦岛弧碰撞造山过程：花岗岩记录

义敦岛弧碰撞造山带是特提斯－喜马拉雅巨型造山带中的一个复合造山带。本文利用义敦岛弧碰撞造山带29个花岗岩体的43件同位素测年数据，结合岩石地球化学特征，建立了造山带花岗岩的时间坐标。初步识别出4套不同成因类型的花岗岩，即印支期弧花岗岩、燕山早期同碰撞花岗岩、燕山晚期A型花岗岩和喜马拉雅期花岗岩。据此，再造了造山带的形成过程与演化历史：印支期的大规模俯冲造山作用（238－210Ma)，形成义敦火山岩浆弧；大约自206Ma始，发生弧－陆碰撞，伴随岛弧地壳挤压收缩和剪切变形，发育同碰撞花岗岩；进入燕山晚期（138－73Ma)，岛弧碰撞造山带发生造山后伸展作用，形成A型花岗岩带；喜马拉雅期发生陆内造山作用（65－15Ma)，岛弧碰撞造山带出现逆冲－推覆和大规模走滑平移，伴随喜马拉雅期花岗岩的侵位和拉分盆地的形成。     

Storm-influenced siliciclastic and carbonate ramp deposits, the Lower Ordovician Dumugol Formation, South Korea

The Dumugol Formation (Lower Ordovician) in the southern part of the Baegunsan syncline, South Korea, contains mixed siliciclastic and carbonate ramp deposits. The ramp sediments were frequently influenced by storm events resulting in tempestites of sandstone-mudstone couplets, bioclastic grainstones to packstones, flat-pebble conglomerates, a skeletal lag layer and laminated calcisiltites. All tempestites are characterized by an erosive to sharp base, poor grading and a transitional upper boundary. The difference in lithology of tempestites appears to have been controlled by the nature of substrates and by proximality. For example, laminated calcisiltites have developed on the shallow carbonate ramp, flat-pebble conglomerates are closely associated with nodular limestones on shallow and deep ramps, and thin skeletal lag layers from fossiliferous argillaceous sediments formed in a basinal setting. The stratigraphic succession of the Dumugol Formation represents an initial transgression followed by a regression. The vertical facies change records the transition from a shallow siliciclastic ramp to a deep carbonate ramp, to a basin, shallowing to a deep carbonate ramp, and to a shallow carbonate ramp. Storm effects are mostly well preserved in shallow to deep ramp deposits.     

辽宁省海城地震前震震源错动方式的一个特点

海城地震前震的错动方式都一致,这一特点表现为各台记到的P波S波垂直向最大振幅的比值均稳定.与中国境内发生的五个震群资料对比表明,上述特点有助于区分震群和前震.     

藏北美多锑矿床容矿硅质岩的地质地球化学特征及成因

文章通过野外地质调查和系统的岩石学、岩石化学、稀土及微量元素地球化学研究，探讨了藏北美多锑矿床容矿硅质岩的成因和大地构造环境。研究结果表明，美多锑矿容矿硅质岩以致密块状硅质岩为主；主元素化学组成表明，其形成时有大量陆源火山碎屑物质的介入；稀土元素组成及配分模式与热水硅质岩不同，显示其形成于大陆边缘环境；硅质岩和凝灰岩均呈Ba、Sr、P、Ti明显亏损和Nb弱亏损的特点，类似于成熟大陆弧花岗岩。     

Surface deformation and gravity changes caused by dilatancy in a layered elastic-vis-coelastic half space

Ｓｕｒｆａｃｅｄｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｇｒａｖｉｔｙｃｈａｎｇｅｓｃａｕｓｅｄｂｙｄｉｌａｔａｎｃｙｉｎａｌａｙｅｒｅｄｅｌａｓｔｉｃ┐ｖｉｓ┐ｃｏｅｌａｓｔｉｃｈａｌｆｓｐａｃｅＹＯＮＧＷＡＮＧ（王勇）ＨＯＵＴＳＥＨＳＵ（许厚泽）Ｉｎｓｔｉｔ...     

中国附近海域地磁偏角图及其数学模式(1990.0)

本文介绍了中国附近海域地磁偏角模式的建立和“中国邻近海区地磁偏角图”的编绘以及质量分析。在建立中国附近海区地磁偏角模式时，使用了3000多个地磁测点和地磁台站及国际参考地磁场资料，采用的方法是泰勒多项式。对海区地磁偏角模式和海区地磁图作了对比分析，其效果是好的。海区地磁偏角模式和“中国邻近海区地磁偏角图” 清楚地反映出我国南沙群岛地区尺度为1000余公里的磁异常，解决了中国地磁图和世界地磁图在这一海区未能解决的问题。海区地磁偏角模式的建立和海区地磁偏角图的绘制出版，大大地提高了我国海区及其邻近海域地磁偏角导航的精度。     

国内外铜矿勘查的现状及进展

介绍了国内外铜矿勘查的最新进展,对国内外一些典型铜矿床的地质特征进行了概括性描述；对国内外铜矿勘查途径和方法的最新进展进行了总结。这对开拓铜矿找矿思路,具有一定的现实意义。     

Diagenesis of sandstones in the back-arc basins of the western Pacific Ocean

ABSTRACT Sandstones occur in back-arc basins of the western Pacific at DSDP sites 299 (Sea of Japan), 297 (northern Shikoku Basin), 445 and 446 (Daito-Ridge-and-Basin Province), 453 (Mariana Trough), 286 (New Hebrides Basin) and 285 (South Fiji Basin). These sandstones are dominantly volcaniclastic arenites derived from andesitic island arcs. The degree of sandstone diagenesis is dependent on original composition, burial rate, heat flow history of the basin, and timing of sandstone deposition with respect to rifting processes and associated high heat flow.
Sandstones containing a larger proportion of volcaniclastic components showed more diagenetic effects than sandstones containing a significant volume of other rock fragments and mineral components. Sandstones deposited during early stages of rifting (sites 445, 446) with a slow burial rate and high crustal heat flow showed the greatest degree of downhole diagenetic change. These diagenetic changes include early pore-space reduction and rim cementation by clay minerals followed later by calcite, and subsequent pore-fill cementation by clinoptilolite, heulandite, analcite and later calcite. Replacement of recognizable volcanic rock fragments by chert, calcite and zeolites was observed in the deepest part of the hole. Sandstones deposited after rifting under conditions of associated lower heat flow showed considerably less diagenetic changes, particularly if burial was rapid.
The high heat flow associated with earliest rifting, associated fluid circulation driven by thermal convection, and slow burial rate controlled the diagenetic history of these sandstones. Thus, timing of sandstone deposition with rifting stage and associated burial rates were key factors in controlling sandstone diagenesis in back-arc basins.     

岩石样品变形时的声发射

研究岩石样品变形过程中的声发射主要包括两个方面的内容:一是研究声发射事件的时空分布;二是研究声发射信号的振幅-频度分布。由于声发射活动性的研究与地震活动性的研究是十分相近的,所以实验室中对岩石样品声发射的研究有可能增进对地震活动性的认识。 本文总结了最近在声发射研究方面的一些结果,讨论了应力水平、加载时间和加载历史对岩石样品声发射活动性的影响,即讨论了在单调加载、静态疲劳加载和重复加载三种情况下的声发射特征。本文强调指出,即使是实验室内,利用声发射活动进行岩石样品的破坏预报方面仍然存在着一些困难。最后提出了解决这些困难的建议。