Carbon emission mitigation through regulatory policies and operations adaptation in supply chains: theoretic developments and extensions

Along with carbon emission regulations launched by governments and consumers’ rising concerns about climate changes and global carbon footprint, interests of academia and industry have risen in carbon-efficient supply chain management. This research focuses on some product supply chain to make a literature review-based investigation on proposing a theoretical framework. We also solve potential research issues of how diverse carbon emission regulations can work on supply chain performance as well as emission; in what way we can find coordination mechanisms and optimal policies for supply chain operations to abate emission and enhance system profitability within different scenarios; and also to evaluate the effect on emission reduction for each emission regulation aforementioned through comparing their associated supply chain performances and system emission. Both practitioners in industry and academia might find this study useful, as it generates concepts with a formal framework of potential and values theoretical issues in the emerging field of carbon-efficient supply chain management which combines carbon emission regulations with mature operation management to enrich the theory of supply chain management. This study is perhaps to be valuable and constructive both for operational decisions in firms and for the enactment as well as implementation of emission-reduction regulations. This study should activate further potential researches.     

胶东玲珑金矿田175号脉群深部地质特征与成矿预测

玲珑金矿属于以石英脉型为主的金矿床,其矿脉受玲珑断裂和破头青断裂控制。区内脉群发育,175号脉群是玲珑金矿的主要大型金矿脉群之一。文章通过总结175号脉群成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征,分析了控矿因素、矿体赋存规律、矿石类型等;阐述了175号脉群深部成矿规律,并根据见矿工程利用地质块段法预测175号脉群11—101勘探线范围-800 m标高以下(332+333)金矿石量192.44×10~4 t,金金属量8.5t。     

Study on the Global Carbon Assimilation System Based on Multisource Remote Sensing Data

The Paris agreement signed in April, 2016 aims to balance global anthropogenic carbon emissions and terrestrial carbon sinks by the middle of the 21^st century. To fulfill this goal, it is necessary to calculate carbon fluxes of different regions reliably. The global carbon assimilation system is an effective technique for achieving this goal. The Ministry of Science and Technology of China supports the project entitled as study on the global carbon assimilation system based on multisource remote sensing data through the national key research and development programs for global change and adaptation during the thirteen-five period. This project will develop synergic inversion techniques for retrieving key parameters of biological and atmospheric cycles and for assimilating multisource remote sensing and ground based data. Then, the high resolution global carbon assimilation system coupled with an ecological model will be constructed. This system is able to assimilate jointly multisource observation data and to optimize key model parameters, photosynthesis and respiration carbon fluxes of global terrestrial ecosystems, and anthropogenic carbon emission fluxes of key regions. This system will be used to study quantitatively the spatial and temporal patterns of carbon fluxes of global terrestrial ecosystems and anthropogenic carbon emission fluxes of key regions and to identify the mechanisms driving the global terrestrial carbon sinks and sources. The outputs of this study will be helpful for the fulfillment of the key research and development programs for global change and adaptation and provide valuable data and technical support for the decision-making in China.     

Review on Montane Forest Eco-hydrology in Arid Area

Since the forest eco-hydrology of arid area shows a well sensitivity of the global climate change, the relationship between forest and water and the hydrological function has attracted the attention of academic communites and management departments. This paper expounds the research progress in arid mountain forest eco-hydrology, and analyses the formation and stable mechanism of forest patch pattern, the relationship between forest and water yield and the response of forest eco-hydrology to climate change from three aspects: Forest spatial pattern, hydrological process and its response to climate change. In addition, combined with the current research progress, the research emphases in the future are put forward: Strengthening the research on the coupling of vegetation pattern and hydrological process; solving the scale problem by using remote sensing technique and model; enhancing the understanding towards the hydrological function of forest; determining the suitable forest scale which can balance the relationship of ecology and hydrological effect.     

直线型海洋重力仪负漂移原因分析及处理

分析了直线型KSS31M(SN035)海洋重力仪短期负漂移现象的原因、采取的处理措施和经验总结,认为在减震措施不足的情况下,重力仪长期经受震动,而频繁的搬动会使重力仪弹性系统中的金属弹簧产生较大的弹性疲劳,这种影响在短时间内无法完全消除,由此可能导致月漂移超标;陀螺稳定平台轴因承受震动磨损较严重,轴承间隙变大,导致安装在平台之上的重力传感器经过抛物线测试之后不能完全垂直指向地心,重力在水平方向存在一个微小的分量,最终导致重力读数偏小,即短期负漂移;重力基点环境的变化等对漂移也有一定的影响。建议在搬动重力仪后将仪器保持足够长时间的恒温后再开机,密切监测一段时间,以确保仪器处于良好的工作状态。     

软土地区地铁道床沉降特征及其诱发因素分析

以上海4条地铁线路道床长期沉降监测资料为基础,分析了地铁隧道的纵向沉降特征;结合该地区地质环境调查资料,深入分析地铁隧道沉降与下卧层地层结构、浅部地下水位变化以及区域地面沉降三个地质环境因素之间的相互作用关系。结果表明,地铁隧道下卧地层结构差异是地铁隧道沉降差异性的重要地质环境因素,深基坑降排水引起降水目的含水层地下水位下降,使得降水目的层以及相邻软黏性土层发生较大的压缩变形,导致以降水目的层上覆软黏性土层为承载体的地铁隧道也随之发生沉降,区域地面沉降也是地铁隧道沉降的重要影响因素。     

基于峰值因子最大化的鬼波压制方法

针对传统拖缆采集得到的海上地震资料受鬼波影响而导致频带宽度变窄,笔者提出一种去鬼波方法,可以压制鬼波效应,拓宽频带。首先在频率-空间域推导出镜像数据生成公式,并基于峰值因子最大化的参数搜索方法来估计最优的鬼波延迟时间,将最优的鬼波延迟时代入镜像记录生成公式,获得最优的镜像记录,利用联合反褶积算法得到最优的去鬼波结果。将本文中的方法应用于模拟的变深度采集数据和海上实测的变深度采集数据,证实该方法可以有效地压制鬼波,消除频谱中的陷波点,得到宽频数据。     

黄河三角洲滨海湿地演化过程中的碳埋藏效率及其控制因素

2007年在黄河三角洲布设了一口浅钻ZK4,孔深28.3 m,对获取的岩心样品进行了详细的沉积学观测及含水量、有机碳、总碳和营养成分的实验室分析测试。通过ZK4孔的地层分析,将其划分为7种沉积环境,揭示了滨海湿地地质演化过程。并利用AMS14C测年方法,结合黄河改道的历史记录,运用历史地理学和沉积地质学综合分析的方法对黄河三角洲沉积环境进行了年代划分,并计算了黄河三角洲不同沉积环境沉积物的沉积速率和碳的加积速率。结果表明:总碳和有机碳与除硫和磷元素以外的各营养成分都呈良好的线性相关;碳、氮、磷的加积速率与沉积物的沉积速率呈极显著正相关关系(R0.89,p0.01),沉积物的沉积速率是碳、氮、磷的加积速率的主控因素;虽然现代黄河三角洲沉积物有机碳浓度较低(1%),但由于沉积物的高沉积速率,现代黄河三角洲沉积物有机碳的平均加积速率达到2878.23 g/(m2·a),远高于世界其他高有机碳浓度的湿地,因此是很好的碳汇地质体。     

河南嵩县松里沟金矿床中碲化物的发现及其地质意义

松里沟金矿位于华北陆块南缘熊耳山地区,已探明金资源储量26 t。矿体产于中新太古界-古元古界太华群片麻岩NWW向的断裂带中。其热液成矿过程包括4个成矿阶段:黄铁矿-石英阶段、石英-黄铁矿阶段、金-碲化物阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段。显微镜下发现金-碲化物阶段存在大量与金共生的碲化物。利用电子探针和能谱分析查明碲化物的种类、共生关系和形成条件,确认的碲化物有碲铅铋矿、碲铅矿、碲铋矿、碲金矿、碲金银矿、硫碲铋铅金矿、辉碲铋矿,此外还有大量的自然金和少量的辉铋矿。该矿床为一与岩浆作用有关的碲金矿床。Au主要以自然金和金银碲化物的形式存在。Au、Ag以硫氢络合物的形式发生迁移,Te2(g)和H2Te(g)冷凝进入含贵金属的氯化物溶液是碲化物沉淀主要机制。相图及化学反应方程式分析表明,金-碲化物阶段受温度、碲逸度、硫逸度、氧逸度和酸碱度控制,其中,黄铁矿-石英阶段和石英-黄铁矿阶段形成于logf_(Te2)-14.4和logf_(S2)=-11.1~-6.5的环境。金-碲化物阶段形成于温度为110~313℃、logf_(Te2)=-15.2~-9.4和logf_(S2)=-16.5~-14.6、f_(O_2)升高和pH值降低的环境。碲化物的发现为探讨该矿床成因和熊耳山地区寻找同类型的矿床提供了依据。     

西天山巴音布鲁克地区早古生代成矿地质环境:岩浆岩及其时代和元素同位素约束

西天山位于中亚造山带(CAOB)西南部,是其重要组成部分。CAOB晚古生代金属成矿环境和过程尤为典型,但早古生代成矿地质环境还不甚清楚。新疆巴音布鲁克地区出露(原定时代晚志留世)巴音布鲁克组火山岩夹浅海相碎屑岩和灰岩,是认识西天山早古生代成矿地质环境的难得对象。巴音布鲁克组出露于Nikolaev-那拉提山北缘断裂与Atbash-Inylchek-那拉提山南缘断裂之间的中天山,在巴音布鲁克地区典型发育,火山岩包括玄武岩、玄武安山岩、英安岩、流纹岩及相应的火山碎屑岩,其中侵入岩有正长斑岩和花岗闪长岩。LA-ICP-MS测得玄武安山岩、英安岩、正长斑岩、花岗闪长岩、流纹岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为455.6±8.1Ma、444.5±1.9Ma、441.4±1.6Ma、455.4±5.3Ma、424±1.9Ma,岩浆活动于晚奥陶-早志留世,喷出和侵入时代接近,原定巴音布鲁克组地层时代晚志留世应改为晚奥陶-早志留世。这些岩浆岩具有相似的稀土元素地球化学特征,微量元素相比原始地幔均亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti。玄武岩正的ε(t)=+1.6~+6.7,低的(~(87)~Sr/~(86)NdSr)i=0.70377~0.70489,指示岩浆源区具有亏损地幔特征,弱的Zr-Hf负异常,低的Th/Nb比值,较窄的同位素变化范围暗示地壳混染并不显著,微量元素及铅同位素特征(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb=18.26~18.77,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb=15.63~15.69,~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb=38.21~38.34)表明岩浆源区可能是俯冲流体及洋底沉积物交代的地幔楔橄榄岩部分熔融成因。西天山巴音布鲁克地区早古生代岩浆岩应是南天山洋晚奥陶-早志留世向北向中天山陆块之下俯冲在中天山-伊犁板块南缘活动大陆边缘的岩浆产物,指示了陆缘岩浆弧环境。这种陆缘弧环境有利于斑岩铜金成矿系统发育,值得高度关注相关铜金矿的地质找矿。