Dynamical studies of cluster pairs in the Magellanic Clouds

We performed N -body simulations of star cluster encounters with Hernquist's TREECODE in a CRAY YMP-2E computer under different initial conditions (relative positions and velocities, cluster sizes, masses and concentration degrees). The total number of particles per simulation ranged from 1024 to 20480. These models are compared with a series of isodensity maps of cluster pairs in the Magellanic Clouds. Evidence is found that during the interactions, transient morphological effects such as an expanded halo, isophotal deformation and isophotal twisting can occur as a result of tidal effects and dynamical friction. The simulations also show that different outcomes are possible depending on the initial parameters: (i) long-standing changes of concentration degree can occur after the collision; (ii) one member can disaggregate; or (iii) the pair can coalesce into a single cluster with a distinct structure compared with the original ones. These simulations can reproduce a wide range of morphological structures in observed cluster pairs.     

基于准三维有限元方法建立的地震活动模型

基于有限元方法,参照细胞自动机模型,建立了一个地震活动演化的动力学模型.在这个模型中,根据边界条件和单元介质参数的分布,利用有限元方法确定各单元的应力增长速率.每个单元设定初始应力和摩擦因数,利用破裂准则可得到单元破裂所需时间.当单元破裂后,将破裂单元作为内部边界,利用有限元方法计算由于这个单元破裂对系统其他单元造成的应力调整.根据上述规则,建立一个由30×40个节点组成,在定常位移速率边界条件作用下的地震活动模型,探讨了区域应力场的动态演化、地震活动图像和各种参数变化对地震活动的影响.结果表明该模型在研究地震活动方面有一定优势并具有实用价值.     

A consistent derivation of the wave-energy equation from basic hydrodynamic principles

Based on a decomposition of the velocity into mean flow, turbulent and wave components, momentum and hereafter a wave-energy equation is derived. It contains a turbulent energy dissipation term which is closed by applying a wave-related mixing length model and linear wave theory solutions. This closure produces a non-linear turbulent wave-energy dissipation including the wave energy in a 5/2 power law. The theory is able to predict correctly the shape of deep-water wave spectra according to Phillips' similarity law.Responsible Editor: Hans Burchard     

Non-Linear Gravitational Clustering Using the Zel'dovich Approximation

As an alternative to computationally expensive N-body simulations for gravitional clustering, the Zel'dovich approximation (ZA) was studied in 3D, 2D and 1D. Plots of the density contrast were compared against linear theory and the exact solution. The ZA was found to perform very well in the linear regime, better than linear theory, and to give a good approximation well into the non-linear regime. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

长事务缓冲区同步接边法

数字地形图的接边问题实质是对两幅地形图的同步操作问题,提出长事务缓冲区同步接边法,以待接边边界为中心建立缓冲区,提取磁盘上另一幅地形图中落入缓冲区内的实体建立长事务,调入当前打开的地形图(当前数据库)中,实现了对两个待接边地形图的快速同步操作.用ObjectARX开发工具开发了在AutoCAD平台上执行的长事务缓冲区法接边程序,取得了满意的编辑效率和成图质量.     

基于PSInSAR的成都地区地表沉降空间分布研究

针对成都地区土地规划利用的需要,采用永久散射体合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术(Permanent Scatterer InSAR,PSInSAR)对成都地区地表沉降空间分布情况进行了实验研究。结果表明,在该研究时段内研究区域最大沉降量达到24 mm,最大抬升量达到18 mm。研究区西北至东南方向地表在研究时段内发生了抬升,东北至西南方向出现了地表沉降现象,并对可能造成地表沉降的主要原因进行了分析。     

Landsat 8全色影像阴影的扁平冰山出水高度提取

冰山出水高度是测量冰山厚度进而估算冰山体积的一个重要几何参数,是定量评估冰山对海洋的淡水输入量的基础。冬季冰山在海冰上成影且阴影较长,本文提出利用阴影测高模型高精度测量冰山出水高度的方法。试验选择2016年8月29日、9月7日和9月16日中心太阳高度角分别为5.43°、7.49°和11.01°的3期Landsat 8全色15 m影像,以独立扁平冰山为例,自动提取冰山在海冰上的阴影长度计算冰山出水高度,并利用不同时相同名成影点进行交叉验证评估测量精度。结果显示：阴影长度测量误差优于1个像元,在太阳高度角低于11.01°时,全色15 m影像提取的冰山出水高度均方根误差（RMSE）低于2.0 m,平均绝对误差（MAE）低于1.5 m。由此表明：在冬季低太阳高度角下,Landsat 8全色15 m影像可用于高精度测量冰山出水高度,具有大范围测量南极冰山出水高度的潜力。     

一种适用于电离层层析成像的TV-MART算法

针对电离层电子密度重构问题,提出了一种综合利用总变差最小化(toalvariation,TV)与乘法代数重构算法(multiplicativealgebraicreconstructiontechnique,MART)的电离层层析成像算法。该算法对反演模型的参数施加总变差约束,以提高反演过程的稳定性和结果的精确性。通过模拟数据和实测数据对模型的重构结果进行验证,结果表明,相对于乘法代数重构算法,该算法能够有效地提高电离层电子密度的重构精度。