日本海末次冰期千年尺度古环境变化的地球化学记录

日本海末次冰期交替出现的深色层与浅色层可能记录了格陵兰冰芯指示的Dansgarrd-Oeschger旋回冷暖变化。本文对取自日本海南部KCES1岩芯纹层沉积物进行了高分辨率XRF岩芯扫描地球化学测试,运用因子分析来判别沉积物不同组分和来源。结果显示深色纹层中指示陆源碎屑来源元素Al,K和Ti含量较高,而代表生源组分的元素Ca和Sr含量较低;浅色层相反。深浅色纹层元素含量变化指示的陆源碎屑输入波动记录了Dansgarrd-Oeschger旋回信号,与冷期相比,在温暖期钻孔沉积物中较多的陆源碎屑可能是由加强的东海沿岸流带入日本海。末次冰期格陵兰和北大西洋等高纬地区气候变化导致大气环流和/或洋流系统发生改变,从而对东亚季风降水的调控可能是造成KCES1岩芯中元素含量变化的主要原因。     

物源与沉积相对鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界天然气优质储层的控制

利用LA-ICP-MS锆石微区原位U-Pb定年方法,建立了鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界下石盒子组盒8段与山西组山1段砂岩碎屑锆石的年龄谱系,结合砂岩重矿物分析、显微镜下碎屑矿物的定量统计与阴极发光鉴定,通过与源区地层同位素年代学的对比,分析了研究区上古生界天然气储层的物源区和母岩的时代、性质。在大量岩心观察与沉积相研究的基础上,通过镜下对砂岩薄片中碎屑矿物、填隙物、孔隙类型及其含量的观察与定量统计,结合砂岩图像粒度、孔隙度、渗透率、毛细管压力测试,研究了各砂岩类型及其骨架矿物与胶结物的特征、孔隙类型、储集物性及平面分布规律。讨论了源区母岩的性质、沉积相及空间展布、沉积作用与水动力条件等对形成天然气优质储层及储层储集性能演化的影响。     

云南大姚地区上白垩统马头山组六苴段中亚段

上白垩统马头山组六苴段中亚段(K2ml2)是云南六苴砂岩型铜矿区内含铜层位之一.六苴段中亚段含铜砂岩Mo、Cd、As、Cu等亲硫元素富集.微量元素多富集于浅色砂岩中,向紫色砂岩一侧逐渐亏损,呈现分带特征.铜矿石V/(V+Ni)值大于0.7,反映缺氧环境的特点.稀土元素总量(∑REE)101.71×106～157.55×10-6,稀土元素分配模式为Eu、Ce亏损-轻稀土元素富集型.从铜矿石→浅色矿化砂岩→浅色无矿砂岩,随着铜含量的降低,Mo、Cd、As、Hg平均含量逐渐降低,∑REE与高场强元素Nb、Zr、Hf、Th平均含量逐渐升高.六苴段中亚段砂岩具"矿源层"的特征,铜矿石与围岩具物源一致性,铜矿石在弱碱性、还原条件下由砂岩经水-岩作用形成,与六苴铜矿床(K2ml1)成矿机理相似.小河地段纵向上从北向南,六苴段中亚段中铜矿化的能力逐渐减弱,推测矿化带在走向上向西(紫色砂岩一侧)发生了偏移.     

西北地区矿产资源潜力地球化学评价中成矿元素异常的圈定方法

地球化学方法是矿产资源潜力评价的重要手段,特别是在资源潜力预测评价的潜力区优选中尤为重要。但在工作实践中发现,用统一的异常下限圈定异常,常常会出现"有矿无异常或有异常无矿"的信息错位,给资源潜力地球化学评价工作中的异常定位造成困惑。经过对比分析认为:应用经滑动平均处理得到的滑动平均衬值数据绘制等量线图和相应的异常图,是解决区域性地球化学评价工作中异常信息错位的有效手段。在西北地区(包括各省区),滑动平均窗口大小选择49km×49km为宜。经过这种数据处理后圈定的异常图可以有效地解决异常信息错位现象,明显压制高背景异常,突出低背景区的弱小异常,同时也很好地显示了区域异常带的展布规律,间接地反映了区域构造和控矿构造的空间特征。     

一体化研究方法在塔中地区碳酸盐岩储层预测中的应用

塔中地区现有三维地震资料覆盖面积4530km2以上,并已全部实现数据加载。为提高该区碳酸盐岩储层预测的精度和效率,在前期工作的基础上,初步建立了塔中一体化研究平台,进行包括数据管理、地层对比、储层对比、储层地震响应特征分析和储层综合评价在内的应用研究。结果表明,可以实现数据共享和有效管理,实现地质、地震、测井的有机结合。数据整理和实现办法适合实际,能清晰直观地体现碳酸盐岩储层发育情况。     

Clay minerals in the major Chinese coastal estuaries and their provenance implications

A sea-survey was carried out along the Chinese coast from the Bohai Sea to South China Sea, and 15 surficial samples were taken from major coastal estuaries, i.e., from north to south, the Yellow, abandoned Yellow, Yangtze, Qiantang, Ou, Min, Han, and Pearl River estuaries. On the basis of clay mineral analysis and published data collection, this paper discusses the characteristics of clay minerals of each coastal river and potentials of implications of sediment sources. The results show that the change of diagnostic clay minerals from smectite to kaolinite from the Yellow to the Pearl River estuaries is southward, as clearly shown by the ratios of smectite to chlorite (S/Ch) and kaolinite to illite (K/I). S/Ch decreases southward, while K/I moves reversely, implying change in climate setting from cool/dry to humid/hot with intensified weathering processes. Besides, these two indicators in the estuaries are also linked with the derivation of parent-rock of each river-basin and coastal hydrodynamics. The disproportional higher ratio of K/I in the Yellow and abandoned Yellow River estuaries is ascribed to their sediment sources with abundant loess component in the north-central China. The K/I decrease offshore from the Pearl River estuary is primarily due to hydrodynamic sorting. Therefore, the S/Ch and K/I of the present study comprehensively reflect the controls of climate, parent-rock, and sediment transport along the coast.     

Comparison of net primary productivity in karst and non-karst areas: a case study in Guizhou Province,China

Green plants play an important role in energy flows and material cycles. The net primary productivity (NPP) reflects the capability of vegetation to convert solar energy into photosynthate (fixed carbon). Understanding the factors that contribute to variations in NPP is of key importance for improving the rock-desertification environment in karst areas. In this paper, the NPP model (Light Use Efficiency model) is modified on the basis of remote sensing data [moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS)], climate data and observed information. Then the model is employed to estimate the spatial–temporal variations of NPP in the Guizhou Province, China. Finally, the NPP differences between karst area and non-karst area, and the relationships between NPP and climate factors are analyzed. The results show that the NPP estimated using MODIS data are reasonable. The mean NPP of territorial vegetation is 421.46 gC m⁻² year⁻¹; the NPP in the non-karst area is 13.3% higher than that in the karst area; the correlation degree between NPP and precipitation is better in southeastern and western districts.     

东营市沿海地区农业地质特征

通过对东营市沿海地区农业地质的调查研究,该区土壤贫N、P、Mo、有机质,富K,富微量元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、B等,土壤除盐化程度高外,未受到其它元素的污染,仍保持良好的自然环境。初步将土壤分为四个土壤类型:潮土、盐化潮土、滨海盐土、滨海潮滩盐土,土体构型以均质砂壤型分布面积最广。     

基于马氏珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)血细胞全长转录组数据补体样组分的鉴定与分析

补体系统作为先天免疫的重要组成部分,是一种复杂的限制性蛋白水解系统,其在免疫系统中发挥着重要的防御作用。为分析马氏珠母贝补体系统的组成及作用机制,使用血细胞样品进行了全长转录组测序建库、基因比对、功能注释,共挖掘到212个潜在补体样组分相关基因。补体样组分基因经同源性比对和结构域检测分析表明,检索到的基因分别编码89个含C1q结构域蛋白、57个C型凝集素蛋白、33个纤维胶凝蛋白、11个纤维蛋白原相关蛋白、8个甘露糖结合型凝集素关联丝氨酸蛋白酶、2个含硫酯蛋白(1个C3分子,1个TEP分子)、1个补体受体、2个补体因子、9个丝氨酸蛋白酶。随机选择12个补体相关基因,使用溶藻弧菌刺激前后的血细胞样品进行实时定量PCR检测其表达水平,结果显示C1q(C1q domain containing protein)、C-lectin、MBL(mannose-binding lectin)、ficolin、MASP(mannan-binding lectin serine protease)等基因均呈现出显著差异表达,表明马氏珠母贝补体系统是一个复杂的多组分效应系统,且可能通过凝集素途径或类似于凝集素途径激活补体系统的免疫作用。研究结果为进一步验证马氏珠母贝中存在的原始补体系统提供了分子生物学证据,同时对深入了解马氏珠母贝免疫防御机制,丰富和发展海洋无脊椎动物免疫学内容也具有重要理论意义。     

Intra-seasonal variability of the abyssal currents in COMRA’s contract area in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone

In this paper, the intra-seasonal variability of the abyssal currents in the China Ocean Mineral Resources Association (COMRA) polymetallic nodule contact area, located in the western part of the Clarion and Clipperton Fraction Zone in the tropical East Pacific, is investigated using direct observations from subsurface mooring instruments as well as sea-surface height data and reanalysis products. Mooring observations were conducted from September 13, 2017 to August 15, 2018 in the COMRA contact area (10°N, 154°W). The results were as follows: (1) At depths below 200 m, the kinetic energy of intra-seasonal variability (20?100 d) accounts for more than 40% of the overall low-frequency variability, while the ratio reaches more than 50% below 2 000 m. (2) At depths below 200 m, currents show a synchronous oscillation with a characteristic time scale of 30 d, lasting from October to the following January; the energy of the 30-d oscillation increases with depth until the layer of approximately 4 616 m, and the maximum velocity is approximately 10 cm/s. (3) The 30-d oscillation of deep currents is correlated with the tropical instability waves in the upper ocean.