型钢连接装配式低矮剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

采用带锚筋的锚板、腹板、端板以及加劲板作为连接件,能够通过干式连接方法将上下预制剪力墙构件连为整体。为研究该新型全装配式剪力墙的受力性能和抗震性能,设计了2个剪跨比为0.783的试件和1个相同剪跨比及配筋率的现浇整体墙体,并进行了低周往复拟静力试验,分析了该全装配式剪力墙的承载能力、刚度、延性性能和耗能能力等。研究结果表明:现浇整体墙体和全装配式剪力墙的破坏形式均为受剪破坏,全装配式剪力墙的极限位移角大于现浇整体墙体极限位移角,分别为1/77和1/133,轴压比为0.3时平均延性系数3.47,低于现浇整体墙体平均延性系数4.62;但该全装配式剪力墙具有较高的承载能力和耗能能力。型钢与剪力墙的锚筋需采用穿孔塞焊的形式连接,避免锚筋与锚板焊接的位置发生剪断的现象。     

赣杭构造带中段岩石圈电性结构研究

赣杭构造带（简称赣杭带）位于扬子板块和华夏板块的结合部,是中国重要的铀多金属矿成矿带,发育一系列中酸性火山—侵入杂岩;前人对岩浆喷发和侵入的地球动力学背景仍然存在诸多争议。文章对赣杭带中段（盛源盆地）及邻区收集的大地电磁测深（MT）数据,利用MT相位张量分解技术、二维非线性共轭梯度法（NLCG）等技术手段进行处理和反演获得到了研究区可靠的岩石圈电性结构。结合已有资料分析表明：赣杭带中段浅部火山—侵入杂岩带存在东南方向下倾的高导带和深部软流圈高导区且相连,揭示了该地区中酸性岩浆活动受区域江绍深断裂控制,在晚中生代岩石圈伸展作用下沿着区域深断裂上升侵入和喷发形成火山—侵入杂岩;该岩浆活动处在伸展构造环境与同期Izanagi板块俯冲后撤有关。     

Identification of Milankovitch Cycles and Calculation of Net Primary Productivity of Paleo-peatlands using Geophysical Logs of Coal Seams

Individual coal seams formed in paleo-peatlands represent sustained periods of terrestrial carbon accumulation and a key environmental indicator attributed to this record is the rate of carbon accumulation. Determining the rate of carbon accumulation requires a measure of time contained within the coal. This study aimed to determine this rate via the identification of Milankovitch orbital cycles in the coals. The geophysical log is an ideal paleoclimate proxy and has been widely used in the study of sedimentary records using spectral analysis. Spectral analyses of geophysical log from thick coal seams can be used to identify the Milankovitch cycles and to calculate the period of the coal deposition. By considering the carbon loss during coalification, the long-term average carbon accumulation rate and net primary productivity (NPP) of paleo-peatlands in coal seams can be obtained. This review paper presents the procedures of analysis, assessment of results and interpretation of geophysical logs in determining the NPP of paleo-peatlands.     

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of A-type Granites in Zhaheba in the East Junggar Region of Xinjiang, China: Evidence from Geochronology, Geochemistry and Sr-Nd Isotopic Compositions

The magma source, petrogenesis, tectonic setting and geochronology of the late Paleozoic A-type granites widely exposed in the Zhaheba area, East Junggar, have thus far not been well-constrained. A better understanding of these issues will help to reveal the magmatic processes and continental growth of Central Asia. The A-type granites in Zhaheba include the Ashutasi alkaline granites and the Yuyitasi syenogranites, which were emplaced at 321.5 ± 4.8 Ma and 321.7 ± 0.6 Ma, respectively. The major rock-forming minerals are orthoclase, perthite, arfvedsonite and quartz, which exhibit the following principal geochemical characteristics of A2-type granites. (1) Their REE distribution curves each exhibit a ‘V’-shaped pattern and a marked depletion in Eu. They are rich in large-ion lithophile elements Rb, Th and U as well as high-field-strength elements Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf, but significantly depleted in Ba, Sr, P and Ti. (2) Their (87Sr/86Sr)i values (0.7021–0.7041), εNd(t) values (4.57–5.16) and REE distribution patterns are in basic agreement with those of the Kalamaili A-type granite belt in East Junggar. The TDM2 values of the alkaline granites and syenogranites range from 661 to 709 Ma. The A-type granites may be the products of upwelling asthenosphere-triggered partial melting of immature lower crust. The alkaline granites were late-stage products of crystallization and differentiation. Compared to the syenogranites, the alkaline granites are significantly lower in K2O, Na2O, Al2O3, FeO, MgO and CaO, but significantly higher in incompatible elements (e.g., SiO2, Rb, and Sr). The magmatic crystallization temperatures of the syenogranites and alkaline granites are 874°C and 819°C, respectively. As their age gradually decreases (peak ages: 322 Ma and 307 Ma, respectively), there is a gradual decrease in the TDM2 of the A-type granites and a gradual increase in the εNd(t) value from the Ulungur belt to the Kalamaili belt in East Junggar. The study of A-type granites is therefore one of the keys to understanding the laws and mechanisms of crustal accretion during the Phanerozoic period, as well as also being of great significance for understanding the Paleozoic accretion.     

Crustal Electrical Structure and Deep Metallogenic Potential in Northern Wuyi Area (South China), based on Magnetotelluric Data

The northern Wuyi area, which is located in the northern Wuyi metallogenic belt, has superior mineralization conditions. The Pingxiang–Guangfeng–Jiangshan–Shaoxing fault (PSF) extends across the whole region regardless of whether or how the PSF relates to the near-surface mineralization. We carried out an MT survey in the region and obtained a reliable 2D model of the crustal electrical structure to a depth of 30 km. In the resistivity model, we inferred that a continuous high conductivity belt that ranges from the shallow to deep crust is a part of the PSF. Then, we estimated the fluid content and pressure gradient to identify the deep sources of fluid as well as its pattern of motion pattern. Finally, we proposed a model for the deep metallogenic migration processes that combines geological data, fluid content data, pressure gradient data, and the subsurface resistivity model. The model analysis showed that the Jiangnan orogenic belt and the Cathaysia block formed the PSF during the process of com. The deep fluid migrated upward through the PSF to the shallow crust. Therefore, we believe that the PSF is an ore-forming fluid migration channel and that it laid the material basis for large-scale mineralization in the shallow crust.     

西藏萨嘎地区布朵淡色花岗岩岩石化学、年代学研究及构造意义

西藏萨嘎地区布朵淡色花岗岩位于喜马拉雅造山带中,属北喜马拉雅造山带的花岗岩。本次研究的萨嘎布朵淡色花岗岩,具高SiO₂（72. 26% ~ 73. 05%）、富Al₂O₃（14. 61% ~ 14. 98%）、高K₂O（3. 65% ~ 4. 09%）和Na₂O（3. 47% ~ 3. 76%）、低P₂O₅（0. 09% ~ 0. 12%）的特征,K₂O／Na₂O = 1. 00 ~ 1. 08、A／CNK = 1. 18 ~ 1. 24,属高钾、过铝质钙碱性S型花岗岩。岩石微量元素变化较大,∑REE = 98. 87 × 10^-6 ~ 124. 51 × 10^-6、LREE／HREE = 11. 24 ~ 16. 12、Rb = 187 × 10^-6 ~ 234 × 10^-6、Sr = 311 × 10^-6 ~ 409 × 10^-6、LaN／YbN = 19. 96 ~ 40. 28、δEu = 0. 89 ~ 0. 99。 布朵淡色花岗岩结晶时间为16. 15 Ma,与区域上的其他的北喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩结晶时间一致,均是形成于陆陆碰撞造山后的伸展背景,代表印度—欧亚大陆后碰撞期的产物,对喜马拉雅造山带的研究有一定的指导意义。     

冈底斯南缘泽当地区林子宗群典中组火山岩相和火山机构分析

冈底斯南缘泽当地区林子宗群典中组火山岩极为发育。文章根据泽当地区典中组火山岩地质特征,结合地质剖面测制和岩石学、矿物学研究,对火山岩相和火山机构进行分类,将典中组火山岩分为爆发相、溢流相、火山通道相、过渡相和火山沉积相。根据火山活动喷发旋回特征,将研究区典中组火山作用分为下亚旋回和上亚旋回,下亚旋回包含3个喷发期次,4个喷发韵律,上亚旋回包含3个喷发期次、6个喷发韵律。根据火山岩岩性组合、岩相特征及其相互叠置关系,在研究区识别出1个破火山机构,2个层状火山机构,即结巴乡东破火山机构、多颇章西层状火山机构和擦结日层状火山机构。     

亚热带落叶乔木叶蜡正构烷烃单体碳同位素季节变化特征及影响因素

叶蜡正构烷烃单体碳同位素组成已经成为陆相沉积古生态重建的重要研究方法。现代过程研究是提升叶蜡正构烷烃指标解译的重要环节,而目前关于落叶乔木叶蜡烷烃单体碳同位素组成(δ¹³C_alk)的季节性变化研究还比较有限。本文对两种典型亚热带落叶乔木（小叶栎、枫香）开展了为期2年的叶蜡烷烃δ¹³C_alk研究。两个树种叶蜡烷烃的δ¹³C_alk值在春季偏正,随后迅速偏负,秋季变幅较小,趋于稳定。这种季节性变化特征和初期利用储存的老碳而后期利用新合成的糖类有关。在生长季末期,两种落叶乔木叶蜡烷烃相对于叶片的碳同位素分馏系数处于-6‰～-8‰,相对于文献报道的平均值偏负,这可能是因为生长季后期仍有少量的长链正构烷烃合成。研究结果揭示,基于落叶乔木叶蜡烷烃单体碳同位素进行古环境重建时需要考虑环境信号的季节性。     

青海共和盆地高热机制数值模拟分析

共和盆地位于青藏高原东北缘,处于秦岭—祁连—昆仑造山带的交汇部位。盆地的平均热流值明显高于中国大陆地区热流平均值,也明显高于周边构造单元,表现为高热异常区域。笔者等结合区域地质、地球物理探测资料及近年来新获的热学参数测试数据,对共和盆地开展了热演化数值模拟,分析了共和盆地的高热异常机制。结果显示,如果将新生界地层作为一个整体考虑,实测的热导率参数不足以形成共和盆地的高热,必然有深部热源,如中—下地壳熔融体的影响。而结合地温曲线,对新生界地层进行分层数值计算分析,显示盆地高热异常形成的主要控制因素是浅表层松散的新生界沉积层的极低热导率,同时岩石圈以下的深部过程影响为共和盆地高热异常提供一定程度的区域热异常背景。     

河北省任丘市表层土壤元素地球化学评价

土壤是重要的自然资源之一,与人们的生活息息相关。笔者等基于任丘市1∶5万比例尺土地质量地球化学调查成果,依据相关标准和规范,对研究区土壤植物生长必需营养元素、重金属环境质量和土壤健康质量的元素进行了评价,为研究区生态环境保护、土地利用规划、特色农业开发、高标准农田建设等提供了科学依据。评价结果表明：① 土壤养分元素磷、钾、三氧化二铁处于丰富或中等状态,有机质、氮、铜、钼等元素处于较缺乏状态,有效态中有效锰、有效铁较缺乏;土壤总体处于碱性,偏碱性,元素有效态含量与其全量做相关分析得出具有一定的相关性,土壤pH从碱性到强碱性,Cu、Mn、Zn、K元素有效态与其全量的相关性减弱,B、P元素有效态与全量的相关性增强;②重金属元素单因子指数法评价,除一个样品Ni元素和两个样品Zn元素超过农用地土壤筛选值外,Cu、Pb、As、Cd、Cr、Hg元素均符合农用地土壤污染风险管控标准;研究区尼梅罗综合污染指数全部小于0. 7,说明全部达到了一级水平;研究区8种重金属元素全部符合无公害蔬菜产地的环境质量标准;除个别Cd元素和Pb元素样品不达标外,其他元素水平全部符合土壤《绿色食品产地环境质量标准》;③反映土壤健康质量的元素F和Se元素整体处于缺乏—较缺乏状态,I元素整体处于适中状态。