时空信息云平台技术在国土资源信息化中的应用探讨

本文介绍了时空信息云平台的建设内容,分析了其关键技术,并以徐州市智慧国土(一期)建设为例,探讨了时空信息云平台相关技术在国土资源信息化中的应用.时空信息云平台的实践对于构建国土资源信息化新的技术框架具有重要借鉴意义.     

A Keystone Transform Without Interpolation for SAR Ground Moving-Target Imaging

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image formation for a ground moving target necessitates the compensation of the unknown target trajectory. The keystone transform has been employed to remove the linear component of the range migration for the moving target, where interpolation is required. In this letter, a realization of the keystone transform avoiding interpolation is presented. The kernel of this transform, i.e., the range-frequency-dependent azimuth time rescaling, is implemented using only complex multiplications and fast Fourier transforms based on the scaling principle, which has been successfully applied in the equalization of the space-variant range cell migration in SAR processing. In addition, the moving target is coarsely focused according to the SAR geometry and the platform velocity while exploiting the scaling principle. This preliminary focusing is helpful in the isolation of the moving target from ground clutter, so as to facilitate a more refined processing with respect to each mover. SAR raw data combined with simulated echoes of moving targets are utilized to validate the presented approach     

基于VRS的GPS测量误差分析

系统误差包括卫星轨道误差、卫星钟差、接收机钟差及大气折射误差等。是GPS测量的主要误差源。但系统误差通常可以采用适当的方法来减弱或消除,如建立误差改正模型对观测值进行改正,或选择良好的观测条件,采用适当地观测方法,进行线性差分等.本文介绍了基于VRS的GPS测量要解决的一个主要问题即在系统运行中产生的各种误差进行改正,使之减小或者消除。并就影响VRS精度的各种误差予以分析     

利用MDA进行空间信息服务组合建模

提出了一种基于MDA的空间信息服务组合建模方法。该方法使用UML设计空间信息服务组合元模型,利用MDA模型转换机制生成空间信息服务链设计器,利用设计器构建空间信息服务组合模型。该建模方法能很好地描述数据流和控制流,通过引入空间信息服务本体库,实现服务资源动态组合建模。     

考虑内定向误差的外方位元素精度分析

在对数据质量的要求越来越严格的今天,我们对数据质量的评价也必须越来越系统、可靠。本文就是在系统分析的基础上推导出了求解外方位元素的误差传递模型,并从中分析了内定向误差对外方位元素精度的影响,从而改进和完善了外方位元素精度的评定方法,使得外方位元素精度的评定具有更高的精确性和可靠性。     

Supervised SAR Image MPM Segmentation Based on Region-Based Hierarchical Model

This letter presents a novel method of supervised multiresolution segmentation for synthetic aperture radar images. The method uses a region-based half-tree hierarchical Markov random field model for multiresolution segmentation. To form the region-based multilayer model, the watershed algorithm is employed at each resolution level independently. The nodes of a quadtree in the proposed model are defined as regions instead of pixels. The relationship over scale is studied, and the region-based upward and downward maximization of posterior marginal estimations are deduced. The experimental results for the segmentation of homogeneous areas prove the region-based model much better in terms of robustness to speckle and preservation of edges compared to the pixel-based hierarchical model and the Gibbs sampler with the single-resolution model     

多媒体技术在目标信息管理系统中的应用

简要介绍了多媒体技术的概念和特点, 着重阐明多媒体技术在目标信息管理系统中的应用, 最后分析了多媒体技术在地理信息系统中的应用前景。     

Enhanced orbit determination for BeiDou satellites with FengYun-3C onboard GNSS data

GPS Solutions - A key limitation for precise orbit determination of BeiDou satellites, particularly for satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO), is the relative weak geometry of ground stations....     

Mapping hourly dynamics of urban population using trajectories reconstructed from mobile phone records

Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban population is crucial for addressing a wide range of urban planning and management issues. Aggregated geospatial big data have been widely used to quantitatively estimate population distribution at fine spatial scales over a given time period. However, it is still a challenge to estimate population density at a fine temporal resolution over a large geographical space, mainly due to the temporal asynchrony of population movement and the challenges to acquiring a complete individual movement record. In this article, we propose a method to estimate hourly population density by examining the time‐series individual trajectories, which were reconstructed from call detail records using BP neural networks. We first used BP neural networks to predict the positions of mobile phone users at an hourly interval and then estimated the hourly population density using log‐linear regression at the cell tower level. The estimated population density is linearly correlated with population census data at the sub‐district level. Trajectory clustering results show five distinct diurnal dynamic patterns of population movement in the study area, revealing spatially explicit characteristics of the diurnal commuting flows, though the driving forces of the flows need further investigation.     

Check dam positioning by prioritization of micro-watersheds using SYI model and morphometric analysis — Remote sensing and GIS perspective

Sediment Yield Index (SYI) model and results of morphometric analysis have been used to prioritize watersheds and to locate sites for checkdam positioning in Tarafeni watershed in Midnapur district. West Bengal. Various thematic maps such as land use/land cover, slope, drainage, soil etc. were prepared from 1RS ID LISS III digital data, SOI toposheets of 1:50,000 scale and other reference maps. Morphometric parameters such as bifurcation ratio (R_b). drainage density (D_d), texture ratio (T), length of overland flow (L_o), stream frequency (F_u), compactness coefficient (C_c), circularity ratio (R_c), elongation ratio (E_r), shape factor (B_s) and form factor (R_f) were computed. Automated demarcation of prioritization of micro-watersheds was done by using GIS overlaying technique by assigning weight factors to all the identified features in each thematic map and ranks were assigned to the morphometric parameters. Five categories of priority viz., very high, high, medium, low and very low, were given to all the watersheds in both the methods. Sixty-two micro-watersheds using SYI method and twenty-three micro-watersheds using morphometric have been prioritized as very high priority. Final priority map was prepared by considering the commonly occurred very high-prioritized micro-watersheds in both SYI model and morphometric analysis. Twenty-four suitable sites were identified for check dam construction in 21 highly prioritized watersheds. It is proved that integrated study of SYI model and morphometric analysis yield good result in prioritization of watersheds.