肖厝兴建“海上田园”基地

近年来,泉州市肖厝制定实施建设‘海上肖厝’战略,把海上网箱养殖作为拓宽海洋养殖领域的新经济增长点,致力于兴建‘海上田园’基地。 肖厝位于湄州湾南岸,地处外海高盐暖水和近岸冷水的交汇带,水质肥沃,水生资     

加利福尼亚北部陆架的沉积相模拟

加利福尼亚北部陆架的沉积相模拟ＹｏｎｇＺｈａｎｇ等近２０年来,沉积学家和地层学家越来越多地应用沉积相模型解释沉积环境。这些模型大多通过推理和模型复合技术来描述、解释沉积序列。在这期间,对大陆架上的边界层流动力学和沉积搬运有了精深的研究,交叉学科使沉积...     

搭建地震方法和大地测量方法所检测的慢地震之间的桥梁

最近观测到的异常地震事件——深部低频地震和颤动、甚低频地震及慢滑动事件——形成了慢震群,而这个慢震群受控于不同于普通地震的标定律。根据这个标定律,我们在日本西部的纪伊半岛下方观测到了之前未知的事件,其震源持续时间约20-200s,矩震级为3～4级。这些地震在2～8Hz的频带范围内辐射能量,直接与其地震矩率成比例,但这个比例常数比一般地震小4～5个数量级。这个地区的慢地震可能是由大量的剪切滑动事件组成的,从地震方法上看,总体上会呈现为颤动或长达200s持续时间的较长独立事件,从大地测量方法上看,是慢滑动事件。     

长江上游近120年来气象干旱和水文干旱时空变化关系及其传递特征

气象干旱是水文干旱的前兆,探明气象干旱向水文干旱的传递特征及规律,对水文干旱早期预警和防灾减灾具有重要意义。基于长江上游1901—2020年长系列气象水文数据,采用标准化降雨蒸散发指数（SPEI）和标准化径流指数（SRI）分别表征气象干旱和水文干旱情势,采用Spearman相关分析法和滑动窗口法计算不同月份气象干旱向水文干旱的传递时间并分析其时空变化特征,引入湿润指数（HI）和水库指数（RI),探究气候变化和人类活动对干旱传递的影响。结果表明：120年来气象干旱和水文干旱均有加重趋势,且随时间尺度增大,干旱历时增长;气象干旱向水文干旱传递时间整体呈现明显时空异质性,即冬季长、其他季节短,西北部长、东南部短;干旱传递在春、夏季整体呈加快趋势,在秋、冬季整体呈减慢趋势,干旱传递时间变化与长江上游整体干湿状况和密集水电开发有关。     

Quantification of submarine groundwater discharge(SGD) using radon,radium tracers and nutrient inputs in Punnakayal,south coast of India

The present study focused on the estimation of submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)and the effects of nutrient fluxes due to the SGD process.The parameters of SGD such as magnitude,character,and nutrient flux in Punnakayal region of South East coast of India were evaluated using multiple tracers of groundwater inputs in 2019.It was found that the elevated values for the tracers in the study area,displayed a gradational change in the values as move from estuarine part to the offshore.Simultaneous occurrence of fresh and saline SGD is observed on the study sites.Also,indicated that the SGD fluxes ranged from 0.04 to 0.12 m^3 m^-2d^-1 at the estuary and0.03-0.15 m^3 m^-2d^-1at the groundwater site.A substantially increased value for 222 Rn activities is distinguished in the estuary to values over 312 dpm L^-1.Nutrient embellishments were generally greatest at locations with substantial meteoric elements in groundwater;however,the recirculation of saltwater through the geological formation could provide a way of transferring terrestrially-derived nutrients to the coastal zone at many places.     

海域天然气水合物的岩石物性研究

海域天然气水合物的岩石物性分析研究是水合物地震识别研究的基础和主要组成部分。分别采用弹性模量模型和修改的威利方程对水舍物沉积层和下伏含游离气层的岩石物性关系进行了讨论,重点研究了沉积层孔隙度、天然气水合物饱和度、含游离气层饱和度与纵、横波速度、泊淞比的关系。研究的结果表明,水合物沉积层的纵、横波速度和泊凇比随水合物饱和度的增加而增加,密度随饱和度的增加而降低。     

水汽输送对云南夏季风爆发及初夏降水异常的影响

主要利用1961～2000年云南120个站的逐日降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,研究水汽输送对云南夏季风爆发和初夏5月降水异常的影响.结果表明,5月份云南上空为一致的西南风水汽输送,主要由来自印度半岛北部的副热带西风水汽输送和热带印度洋至孟加拉湾的西南风水汽输送汇合而成,而来自南海地区西太平洋副高西侧转向的偏南水汽输送是构成云南东部地区水汽输送的重要分支.5月下旬云南夏季风爆发期间,热带印度洋至孟加拉湾地区的水汽输送显著增强,云南上空增湿明显,这为季风爆发提供了必要的水汽条件,而东亚中纬地区冷空气的入侵则可能是触发季风降水的重要机制.进一步研究发现,云南5月降水量显著的年际变化也与大尺度水汽输送异常密切相关,即当热带印度洋至孟加拉湾地区的水汽输送强,而南海至东亚大陆地区的水汽输送弱时,降水量偏多,反之偏少.     

Modified sublimation to isolate phenanthrene-degrading bacteria of the genera Sphingomonas and Burkholderia from Xiamen oil port

Sublimation was developed by Alley and Brown (2000) in order to isolate bacterial strains that were capable of degrading water insoluble compounds. In this study, sublimation was modified by the use of nutritional agar plates, instead of mineral salt agar, to isolate phenanthrene-degrading bacteria from a mixed culture that had been enriched under the selective pressure of high phenanthrene content. Five strains were obtained with different morphology and degradation ability. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence, two of them were classified as species of the genus Sphingomonas; the others as species of the genus Burkholderia. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was introduced to detect dynamic changes in the bacterial community during enrichment batch culture, and to determine any correlation between the five isolates and the phenanthrene-degrading consortium. The DGGE profile indicated that these five isolates corresponded to four dominant bands of the consortium. Compared to traditional means of isolation, we concluded that modified sublimation is effective and more convenient.     

从青藏可可西里Mw7．8级地震滑动分布得到的地震障碍体模型的证据

通过高分辨率卫星影像的光学相关分析,测量出了可可西里Mw7．8级地震的滑动分布,并得到了同震水平滑动的平行和垂直两个分量。由此揭示出沿走向约20km尺度的水平位移变化情况。与断层平行和垂直滑动的负相关性表明在断层末端平行滑动转化为垂直滑动。这些特征说明了由强固几何障碍体分开的分段破裂模型。破裂在主断层南段的意外终止可由这样的构造来解释,但对下次地震破裂的起始和传播方向具有重要的意义。     

Simulating the migration of drifters deployed in the Bay of Biscay, during the Prestige crisis

A main conclusion following the oil spill from the Prestige tanker was that improvements in ocean circulation models were necessary; this was in order to predict, more accurately, the trajectories followed by the oil slicks and hence assist in fight against oil pollution operations. In this contribution, the results of the validation of a semi-empirical ocean circulation model, parameterised for the Bay of Biscay and forced with operational oceano-meteorological remote sensing observations, are shown. The model results have been validated with observations from drifting buoys, deployed in the Bay of Biscay during the crisis. The results show that the model explains a relatively large percentage of the current variability. The comparisons between the real and the estimated drifter trajectories indicate that for 3, 5 and 7 day-long trajectories, the drifter position is estimated with errors of approximately 23, 35 and 46km, respectively. The model reproduces relatively well the trajectory followed by the drifter with the shortest period (23 days).