ON LOPINITE,A NEW TYPE OF COAL IN CHINA

To the east of Nanchang,the capital of Kiangsi Province,there cropsout a continuous belt of Permian coal series~1 trending approximately in thedirection from N.E.to S.W.Broadly speaking,this coal belt forms a synclinal     

EFFECT OF BEACH SOIL SALINITY ON CONTENTS OF CARBOHYDRATE AND NITROGENOUS COMPOUND IN MANGROVE PLANTS

This paper deals with the reaction of the contents of carbohydrate and nitrogenous compound in leaves of mangroves (Kandelia candel and Aegiceras corniculatum) to the change of seabeach soil salinity (range: 3-12) in the tidal swamp of Jiulongjiang River, Fujian Province, China.Results obtained show that: (i) contents of total sugar, starch and soluble sugar in the leaves of those mangrove plants would increase with increase in the soil salinity; (ii) with increase in the soil salinity, contents of total nitrogen and soluble protein in their leaves would decrease, but fluctuate at the soil salinity more than 10.     

两种单胞藻类在不同浓度载体条件下对60Co的吸收和吸附

在环境科学的研究中,生物群和环境系统之间存在着复杂的关系。人们已注意到某些元素本身的物理化学性质以及形态结构之间的相互关系会影响某些生物学效应。本文即以放射性同位素~(60)Co和不同浓度的非放射性Co之间的相互关系对两种藻类吸收、吸附规律的影响,进行了初步探讨。     

对地球大气和表面研究的卫星数据处理和分析软件系统

一、引 言 在地球科学发展中现在正出现两个重要的趋势。一个是传统的研究地球部分的定向学科的方法。它正慢慢地让位於更全面的多学科的方法,该方法把地球和大气看成是一个动态的综合系统。另一个是空间观测方法,或更确切地说是卫星遥感,它正成为地球科学各学科如:海洋学、气象学、生物学、地质学和地球物理学的标准研究工具。 鉴于这种趋势,加州空间研究所一直都在开发卫星数据处理和分析软件系统,来支持多学科的及综合研究计划。该系统叫做OASIS(海洋大气卫星图象系统),它有助於处理地球的大气和表面(陆地和海洋)的科研及教学活动的开展。     

海水中多环芳烃的暴露浓度对鲈鱼体内脂质过氧化程度的影响

本文以鲈鱼为实验材料，以鲈鱼体内的丙二醛含量为指标研究了在水样中16种多环芳烃组分和外加芘为实验试剂的条件下，鲈鱼体内不同器官、组织的脂质过氧化程度的变化．实验结果表明：（1）在鲈鱼鳃、全血中的丙二醛浓度较高，而肝脏的丙二醛浓度较低。（2）水样中多环芳烃及外加芘的暴露能导致鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度升高，这表明多环芳烃以及芘的暴露能引起鲈鱼肝内脂质过氧化程度的提高。（3）水体中多环芳烃及外加芘浓度的变化对鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度的影响具有可逆性，且鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度与水环境的多环芳烃（包括芘）暴露浓度呈良好的正相关关系。这说明：鲈鱼肝的丙二醛浓度可作为指示水环境的多环芳烃污染程度的指标。由于生物体内的丙二醛浓度受多种因素的影响，在使用丙二醛浓度指标来指示海洋环境的多环芳烃污染时。最好与其他指标配合使用，以更准确地指示海洋环境多环芳烃污染。     

Searching for novel CYP members using cDNA library from a minke whale liver

The contaminant-induced cytochrome P450 (CYP) members in minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) can be potential biomarkers of the contaminant exposure and toxic effects. In this study, we constructed a cDNA library from the liver of minke whale from the North Pacific, and further screened a total of 6930 clones randomly selected in the library for the isolation of cDNA clones encoding novel members of CYP superfamily. The screening revealed the isolation of six novel CYP cDNA clones that are classified into CYP1A, CYP2C, CYP2E, CYP3A, CYP4, and CYP4A subfamilies. The BLAST homology search using the partial cDNA fragments of four CYP subfamilies (CYP1A, CYP2C, CYP2E and CYP4A) demonstrated that the minke whale CYPs were most closely related to pig CYPs (81-91%). Identification of multiple CYP genes in marine mammal species such as minke whale will provide new insights into the metabolic or toxicological functions of individual CYP members.     

南黄海海域的海相中-古生界油气远景

南黄海海域油气勘探近40年成果证实，处于扬子地块之上，除缺失志留系上统和泥盆系下统，发育了较完整的中、古生代海相地层，厚度大，分布广。结合我所近几年来地震、地质研究成果，阐述本区海相中、古生界分布残存情况及生储盖特征，研究认为，南黄海中、古生界海相烃源岩具有较好的含油气勘探前景。     

三维模式识别技术在古生界潜山油藏预测中的应用

本文介绍了三维模式识别的方法及在古生界潜山油藏预测中的应用。三维模式识别是在二维模式识别的基础上开发研制的 ,能有效地解决测线交点处预测结果不闭合等问题 ,客观地展现储层的横向变化 ,避免了人为解释的主观片面性和多解性 ,尤其对非均质性很强的碳酸盐岩缝洞型油气藏的储层预测效果明显。在胜利探区 CG2 0潜山 ,针对复杂的碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层 ,首次尝试性使用三维模式识别技术预测储层 ,取得了较好的效果。     

A molecular and carbon isotopic study towards the origin and diagenetic fate of diaromatic carotenoids

Pyrolysates of high-molecular-weight sedimentary fractions of the Duvernay Formation (Western Canada Basin) are dominated by 1,2,3,4- and 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, which, generated via beta-cleavage, indicate the presence of diaromatic carotenoids in the macromolecular aggregates. This was substantiated by desulphurization of sulphur-rich aggregates of the polar fraction, which released (partly) hydrogenated carotenoids. Furthermore, these components were important constituents of the aromatic hydrocarbon fractions and related oils. Apart from renieratane and isorenieratane, 1H NMR analysis established the aromatic substitution pattern of the most abundant component present, which was identified as a diaromatic compound with an unprecedented 2,3,6-/3,4,5-trimethyl aromatic substitution pattern. Molecular and isotopic analyses of both soluble and insoluble fractions of organic matter revealed relationships between diagenetically-derived carotenoids found in bitumen and related oils and their precursors incorporated into high-molecular-weight fractions. Aryl isoprenoids, important components in extracts and oils, were apparently derived from thermal cracking of bound diaromatic carotenoids rather than cleavage of free carotenoids as previously suggested. Furthermore, products derived from diaromatic carotenoids were substantially enriched in 13C relative to n-alkanes of algal origin. Together with the characteristic carotenoids, this isotopic enrichment provides evidence of significant contributions from photosynthetic green sulphur bacteria (Chlorobiaceae), which fix carbon via the reversed tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. In spite of the prominence of these molecular signals, the overall isotopic composition of the organic matter indicated that only a very small portion of the preserved organic carbon was derived from the biomass of photosynthetic green sulphur bacteria.     

Recruitment of benthic organisms onto a planned artificial reef: shifts in community structure one decade post-deployment

Most artificial reef (AR) studies have examined the early colonization stages of benthic communities, while only a few have monitored the development of AR communities beyond the initial successional phases and evaluated the time scale needed for such development. In addition, despite the proliferation of AR studies, comparative studies between artificial and natural reefs (NRs) are scarce. We present here the monitoring results of initial (1-2 year) and progressed (10 year) stages of the developing benthic communities of a purpose-planned AR submerged at Eilat, Israel (Red Sea), and compare them to its adjacent NR. Visual surveys of macro-invertebrates were conducted on the initial stages and coral communities were characterized at the progressed stage, using belt transects. The results demonstrate a distinct shift in species composition of the AR communities along the monitoring periods: from a soft coral dominated community, comprised mainly of Dendronephthya hemprichi, in initial developmental stages of up to two years post-deployment, to a community dominated by the sponge Crella cyatophora at year 10. Distinct differences in coral species count, living cover and diversity were found between the AR and its neighboring NR. We estimate the time frame required to develop a progressed diverse AR community to be well over a decade, even in tropical ecosystems. The factors shaping the species composition of purpose-designed ARs in a coral reef environment, including structural design, spatial orientation, depth and age, are discussed.