Minerogenetic Model for Two Types of Fluorite Deposits in Southeastern China

On the basis of the studies of field geology, strontium, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes and REEgeochemistry, coupled with the dating of mineralization, the authors suggest a minerogenetic model of circula-tion and drawing of Late Cretaceous geothermal waters for the fluorite deposits in southeastern China. Thismodel includes two types of mechanism: 1) the leaching-out and drawing through deep circulation of thegeothermal water, and 2) the leaching-out and drawing through shallow circulation of the water. The fluoritemineralization of Mesozoic volcanic rock terrain is related mainly to the former mechanism, with the mineraliz-ing material coming chiefly from the Precambrian metamorphic rocks of the basement underlying the hostrocks; while that of Yanshanian granite terrain is associated with the latter mechanism, with the mineralizingmaterial derived primarily from the host granites and sedimentary rocks.     

扫描输入数据的颜色校正

提出了RGB子空间的概念 ,并在RGB子空间内使用最小二乘原则建立从设备RGB空间直接到CIELAB空间的三维一阶映射方程 ,实现了对扫描输入数据的颜色校正。通过试验验证 ,理想色与分别在各RGB子空间内建立的颜色映射方程所计算颜色的色差明显小于与在整体空间建立的映射方程所计算颜色的色差     

成矿物质来源的定量判别方法的探讨

热液矿床的成矿物质往往具有多来源性。因此，定量判别不同来源矿质的量比关系，从而正确地识别矿床的主要成矿物质来源和成因机制，是现代矿床学研究的关键性问题之一。本文给出了三元混合模式的同位素－成矿元素的比值型判别方法，并给出了金银和萤石矿床成矿物原来源的定量判别应用实例。     

新型多功能干树储油半潜平台研发

针对凝析油气田开发了一型适应我国南海环境条件的深水多功能干树半潜平台,平台运动性能优良,可实现干树开采、回接水下井口、油气生产处理、凝析油存储、钻修井等功能。平台由上部组块、主船体、细长柔性连接结构、垂荡板、顶张紧式立管(TTR立管)系统、系泊系统构成,结构特点为采用细长柔性连接结构连接主船体与箱型垂荡板。垂荡板采用箱型结构,承受作业吃水压力,可实现平台与箱型垂荡板的整体拖航,平台安装简易,细长柔性连接结构可在位维修或更换。平台立柱内设置储油舱存储天然气凝析油,解决凝析油存储外输问题。平台采用成熟系统系统集成,运动性能优良,海上施工风险可控,未来有望成为一种新的深水油气田开发平台型式。     

Applicability of cosmic-ray neutron sensor for measuring soil moisture at the agricultural-pastoral ecotone in northwest China

Accurate monitoring of soil moisture is crucial in hydrological and ecological studies. Cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNS) measure area-average soil moisture at field scale, filling a spatial scale gap between in-situ observations and remote sensing measurements. However, its applicability has not been assessed in the agricultural-pastoral ecotone, a data scarce semi-arid and arid region in Northwest China (APENC). In this study, we calibrated and assessed the CRNS (the standard N₀ method) estimates of soil moisture. Results show that Pearson correlation coefficient, R_P, and the root mean square error (RMSE) between the CRNS soil moisture and the gravimetric soil moisture are 0.904 and less than 0.016 m³ m⁻³, respectively, indicating that the CRNS is able to estimate the area-average soil moisture well at our study site. Compared with the in-situ sensor network measurements (ECH2O sensors), the CRNS is more sensitive to the changes in moisture in its footprint, which overestimates and underestimates the soil moisture under precipitation and dry conditions, respectively. The three shape parameters a₀, a₁, a₂ in the standard calibration equation (N₀ method) are not well suited to the study area. The calibrated parameters improved the accuracy of the CRNS soil moisture estimates. Due to the lack of low gravimetric soil moisture data, performance of the calibrated N₀ function is still poor in the extremely dry conditions. Moreover, aboveground biomass including vegetation biomass, canopy interception and widely developed biological soil crusts adds to the uncertainty of the CRNS soil moisture estimates. Such biomass impacts need to be taken into consideration to further improve the accuracy of soil moisture estimation by the CRNS in the data scarce areas such as agricultural-pastoral ecotone in Northwest China.

     

内蒙古西部苦楚乌拉—英巴地区花岗岩锆石U-Pb定年及地球化学特征

锆石U?Pb定年结果表明,内蒙古西部苦楚乌拉—英巴地区花岗岩包括晚泥盆世二长花岗岩((371±2)Ma)、中二叠世钾长花岗岩((271±1)～(270±1)Ma)和早白垩世二长花岗岩((133±1)Ma).结合前人资料,将研究区晚古生代以来的酸性岩浆活动分为4期:晚泥盆世(～371 Ma)、晚石炭世(313～311 M...     

A comprehensive framework for studying diffusion patterns of imported dengue with individual-based movement data

ABSTRACT

International communication and global cooperation have greatly accelerated the worldwide spread of dengue fever, increasing the impact of imported cases on dengue outbreaks in non-naturally endemic areas. Existing studies mostly focus on describing the quantitative relationship between imported cases and local transmission but ignore the space-time diffusion mode of imported cases under the influence of individual mobility. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive framework at a fine scale to establish the disease transmission network and a mathematical model, which constructs ‘source-sink’ links between the imported and indigenous cases on a regular grid with a spatial resolution of 1 km to explore the diffusion pattern and spatiotemporal heterogeneity of imported cases. An application to Guangzhou, China, reveals the main flow and transmission path of imported cases under the influence of human movement and identifies the spatiotemporal distribution of transmission speed according to the time lag of each source-sink link. In addition, we demonstrate that using individual-based movement data and socio-economic factors to study human mobility and imported cases can help to understand the driving forces of dengue spread. Our research provides a comprehensive framework for the analysis of early dengue transmission patterns with benefits to similar urban applications.     

胶州湾滨海湿地的景观格局变化及环境效应

在湿地景观类型分类基础上,利用RS及GIS技术提取了1986、1995和2010年胶州湾滨海湿地的Landsat卫星假彩色合成影像的空间属性数据,利用斑块动态度、斑块密度指数、景观多样性指数、斑块破碎化指数研究了胶州湾滨海湿地的景观格局变化及累积环境效应。结果表明,1986～2010年胶州湾滨海湿地总面积减少,河流与河口湿地面积稍有增大,潮间带滩涂和潮上带湿地面积和斑块数减小;养殖池面积增大、斑块数增多,盐田面积减小、斑块数基本未变,增加了湿地公园这种新的人工湿地景观类型。期间,湿地的景观斑块密度指数、多样性指数和景观斑块破碎化指数增大了。上述湿地面积和景观格局变化是由围垦、城市化、港口和道路建设、河流径流量和输沙量减少、海岸侵蚀、海水入侵、全球变暖、海面上升等因素引起的,并导致湿地生物多样化水平下降、有害植物入侵、环境净化功能降低、污染和赤潮灾害加重、植被退化演替、渔业资源衰退和湿地生态系统服务价值降低等累积环境效应。为减轻这些不利的累积环境效应,应采取建设湿地自然保护区、控制养殖池和盐田规模、发展工业循环经济和生态农业等措施保护胶州湾滨海湿地。     

Evaluation of role of Home Market Effects in China’s manufacturing industries

Under the theoretical framework of the New Trade Theory and the New Economic Geography, Home Market Effects (HMEs) is considered to be important sources of comparative advantage and significant reasons for industry agglomeration. Through the analysis on the input-output tables in China, the paper confirms the existence of HMEs for the manufacturing industries and their export trades on the national and provincial level in China. Several conclusions have been drawn in this study. Firstly, there exist prominent HMEs for manufacturing industries related with nondurable goods and materials in China. Secondly, 10 of the 15 kinds of manufacturing industries considered in this study display the existence of HMEs. Thirdly, the comparative advantage of factor endowment for the export trade of manufacturing industries is declining, while HMEs for them are increasing. Fourthly, among the 30 provincial regions studied in this paper, 11 regions show the existence of HMEs, most of which are located in the eastern coast region. This paper illustrates the simultaneous existence of the comparative advantage of factor endowment and scale economies of HMEs for China’s manufacturing industries. HMEs will not only be the new dynamic for the increase of manufacturing industries and their export trade, but also be the primary power for urban economic growth, industry improvement, and urban space expansion for China.     

Wide—Band Multi—spectral Space for Color Representation

This paper develops a wide-band multi-spectral space for color representation with Aitken PCA al-gorithm. This novel mathematical space using the broad-band spectra matching metod aims at improving the accuracy of color representation as well as reducing costs for processing and storing multi-spectral images.The results show that the space can present our experimental original spectral spaces(i,e.Munsell color matt and DIN-6164 color chips)with high efficiency,and that the spanning space with three eigenvectors can present the original space at more than 98% CSCR,and when 5eigenvectors are used it can cover almost the whole original spaces.