一种低成本、低精度SINS/GPS组合导航系统及试验研究

在SINS(捷联式惯性导航系统)与GPS组合时,航向角的可观测性较弱,经过卡尔曼滤波后,航向角误差虽有所改善,但仍呈发散趋势,当采用低成本、低精度SINS时,该趋势进一步加剧。为了抑制该发散趋势,针对某型低成本、低精度SINS硬件组成(包括AHRS(姿态和航向参考系统)与IMU(惯性测量器件))的特点,提出了利用AHRS代替SINS航向角信息的方法。实际静态与动态试验表明,利用该方法可有效地抑制组合系统航向角的发散趋势,定位精度较高。     

地图线状要素眼动识别的朴素贝叶斯方法

眼动追踪技术在人机交互、用户行为识别、预测等方面得到了广泛应用,但是如何自动识别用户的地图阅读行为,眼动行为仍具有一定的挑战性.本文提出了一种基于朴素贝叶斯分类模型的方法识别用户阅读地图线状要素时的眼动行为.本试验首先通过25名被试者阅读地图过程中的眼动行为进行数据采集,然后提取了250个眼动特征并对其进行离散化处理,...     

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据索尔库都克铜-钼矿床地化特征探讨其成因类型

索尔库都克铜(钼)矿床,主要赋存于辉石闪长玢岩外接触带的安山质岩石中。除Cu,Mo外,Ca,Fe,Mn,Pb,Zn,Ti,Cr,Ni和Co含量也较高。Si,Na,K和REE含量最低,具一套与中基性岩有关(矿床)的元素组合特征。索尔库都克铜(钼)矿的同位素特征与辉石闪长玢岩相近,类似美洲的依尔·萨尔瓦多斑岩铜矿。因此,笔者认为该矿是与辉石闪长玢岩有关的斑岩型矿床。     

南极冰盖数值模拟研究进展与展望

数值模拟南极冰盖是提升人们认识南极冰盖演化行为的重要手段。通过数值模拟研究可以揭示某些观测数据包含的冰盖物理机理以及在缺乏观测数据的情形下预测冰盖的演化行为。本文在综述南极冰盖数值研究国际进展的基础上,分析了南极冰盖数值模拟方面几个主要模型的特点,特别针对南极冰盖的三维数值模拟展开讨论,分析并探讨了冰盖数值模拟可能会遇到的潜在不稳定源以及在拓展模型研究范围时会遇到的障碍。对目前三维冰盖数值模拟存在的几个问题进行了讨论,并对未来发展进行了展望。     

Uncertainty of global summer precipitation in the CMIP5 models: a comparison between high-resolution and low-resolution models

Worldwide, the majority of rapidly growing neighborhoods are found in the Global South. They often exhibit different building construction and development patterns than the Global North, and urban climate research in many such neighborhoods has to date been sparse. This study presents local-scale observations of net radiation (Q _* ) and sensible heat flux (Q _H ) from a lightweight low-rise neighborhood in the desert climate of Andacollo, Chile, and compares observations with results from a process-based urban energy-balance model (TUF3D) and a local-scale empirical model (LUMPS) for a 14-day period in autumn 2009. This is a unique neighborhood-climate combination in the urban energy-balance literature, and results show good agreement between observations and models for Q _* and Q _H . The unmeasured latent heat flux (Q _E ) is modeled with an updated version of TUF3D and two versions of LUMPS (a forward and inverse application). Both LUMPS implementations predict slightly higher Q _E than TUF3D, which may indicate a bias in LUMPS parameters towards mid-latitude, non-desert climates. Overall, the energy balance is dominated by sensible and storage heat fluxes with mean daytime Bowen ratios of 2.57 (observed Q _H /LUMPS Q _E )–3.46 (TUF3D). Storage heat flux (ΔQ _S ) is modeled with TUF3D, the empirical objective hysteresis model (OHM), and the inverse LUMPS implementation. Agreement between models is generally good; the OHM-predicted diurnal cycle deviates somewhat relative to the other two models, likely because OHM coefficients are not specified for the roof and wall construction materials found in this neighborhood. New facet-scale and local-scale OHM coefficients are developed based on modeled ΔQ _S and observed Q _* . Coefficients in the empirical models OHM and LUMPS are derived from observations in primarily non-desert climates in European/North American neighborhoods and must be updated as measurements in lightweight low-rise (and other) neighborhoods in various climates become available.     

Kinematics of Interacting ICMEs and Related Forbush Decrease: Case Study

We study heliospheric propagation and some space weather aspects of three Earth-directed interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), successively launched from the active region AR 11158 in the period 13?–?15 February 2011. From the analysis of the ICME kinematics, morphological evolution, and in situ observations, we infer that the three ICMEs interacted on their way to Earth, arriving together at 1 AU as a single interplanetary disturbance. Detailed analysis of the in situ data reveals complex internal structure of the disturbance, where signatures of the three initially independent ICMEs could be recognized. The analysis also reveals compression and heating of the middle ICME, as well as ongoing magnetic reconnection between the leading and the middle ICME. We present evidence showing that the propagation of these two, initially slower ICMEs, was boosted by the fastest, third ICME. Finally, we employ the ground-based cosmic ray observations, to show that this complex disturbance produced a single cosmic ray event, i.e., a simple Forbush decrease (FD). The results presented provide a better understanding of the ICME interactions and reveal effects that should be taken into account in forecasting of the arrival of such compound structures.     

CINRAD/SA雷达伺服电机连续故障诊断分析

CINRAD/SA天气雷达投入业务运行以来,在天线伺服系统方面出现了很多次故障,而直流方位电机是天线伺服系统的主要组成部分也是发生故障较多的部件之一。2014年福建长乐CINRAD/SA天气雷达在重大天气保障过程中,连续发生方位电机卡死造成雷达停机和测速机性能降低引起天线转速不稳造成雷达产品异常的故障;根据天线控制信号流程,通过运行雷达RDASOT测试程序、测量直流方位电机阻值、测量测速机反馈电压等方法,分析其故障的成因,对雷达伺服直流电机故障分析及解决方法有重要的指导作用。     

湘西北2008年初持续冰雪灾害及对椪柑影响分析

2008年初湘西北出现了自1956年有气象记录以来低温持续时间最长、冰冻范围最大、强度最强的一次低温雨雪冰冻天气过程,罕见的特大冰冻灾害给当地支柱产业之一的椪柑生产带来严重影响.本文从天气学和农业气象学角度出发,对低温雨雪造成的椪柑冻害及椪柑成果的贮藏、销售影响进行了详细评估,旨在为湘西北椪柑生产恢复与制定防灾减灾措施提出科学依据.