二维空间关系定性表达模型的研究

通过对几种典型的定性表达模型的分析及比较,论述了单一模型实现空间查询所存在的局限,提出利用组合模型来表达空间关系的方法。最后结合空间查询中的实例,通过介绍如何同时运用二值拓扑关系模型和符号空间索引模型来实现同时包含拓扑关系和方向关系的复杂空间查询来说明这种方法。     

GM4磁通门磁力仪的供电设备对观测数据的影响

通过对我国GM4磁通门磁力仪使用的各种电源设备所产出的观测数据动态曲线的对比研究,认为电源设备对观测数据的影响不容忽视,市电结合UPS方式是最为合适的供电选择。     

贵州梵净山白云母花岗岩锆石年代、铪同位素及对华南地壳生长的制约

贵州梵净山地区位于＂江南造山带＂西南段,出露地层为中新元古界梵净山群、青白口系板溪群、南华系及古生界地层。梵净山群已强烈褶皱,被青白口系板溪群角度不整合覆盖。浅色白云母花岗岩侵位于褶皱的梵净山群中;锆石原位LA-ICP-MS分析结果显示,其形成时代为（838.5±1.5）Ma。地球化学分析结果表明,其A/CNK值〉1....     

Advances on Assessment of Bioclimatic Comfort Conditions at Home and Abroad

The evaluation of bioclimatic comfort conditions has very important theoretical meaning and practical value, not only beacause it can help travelers choose their favorate holiday destinations, but also because it can provide scientific foundation for the assessment of urban living environment. It has become a hot topic recently, driven by the flourishing tourism and the improvement of people’s living standard. The research history on assessment of bioclimatic comfort conditions, which may date back almost a century, is divided into three peroids based on a detailed survey of literature related to this topic over the past century. The infulential assessment models in each period are introduced. The historical background, basic idea and applicable conditions for each model are described in detail. The research shows that: ①bioclimatic comfort assessment models have been evolved from simple empirical models limited to space and time into complicated, impersonal, and universal energy balance models, which shows the trend of sophistication and objectivity; ②Today, empirical models are still widely used for the assessment of comfortable climates in China, and thus it is important to select the appropriate ones to make sure they are good for use for a study area or in a particular season; ③there are some problems calling for immediate resolution, such as to develop universal assessment models as well as to explore fine scale assessment techniques; ④the evaluation on featured comfortable climates, which might expand the study area of comfortable climates assessment, is an important research direction in the future.     

利辛ML4．6地震与蒙城地电阻率变化特征

以消除年变化等短周期变化后的数据做为当月正常值,利用实测的月均值与正常值之比即月干扰比率、偏差等指标,突出反映月观测值在当月受到综合干扰因素影响的大小。从而突出地震前短临地电阻率异常。     

蒙城地震台地电阻率各向异性参量研究

地电阻率各向异性参量计算方法是由钱复业,赵玉林等研究出来的方法。我们试用该方法编制相应的计算机程序,对蒙城地震台1978～2008年地电阻率的数据进行处理;并结合震例进行对比分析,发现对于震中距300km内的中强震,与地电阻率各向异性参数的趋势性变化存在密切的关系;地电阻率各向异性参量特征可以反映孕震区地下介质的孕震信息,对未来地震的预测将起到一定作用。     

岩浆去气作用碳硫同位素效应

根据开放体系条件下的瑞利分馏原理,并考虑岩浆中可能溶解的合碳和含硫组分,从理论上定量模式了岩浆去气作用对火成岩碳、硫同位素组成的影响。结果表明,岩浆CO₂去气作用能够导致岩石中碳酸盐显着亏损¹³C,其δ¹³C值能够从原始-5‰变化到-20‰(PDB);岩浆CH₄去气作用则导致岩石中碳酸盐相对富集¹³C,其δ¹³C值能够从原始-5‰变化到+4‰。岩浆SO₂去气作用可以导致岩石中硫化物显着亏损³⁴S,其δ³⁴S值能够从0‰变化到-8‰(CDT);岩浆H₂S去气作用则导致岩石中的硫化物相对富集4S,其δ³⁴S值能够从0‰变化到+6‰。因此,除源岩原始同位素不均一性和地壳物质混染能引起火成岩的碳、硫同位素组成发生较大变化外,岩浆去气作用也是重要原因之一。     

Absorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Machine Oil by Exfoliated Graphite-Supported Nanometer TiO2 Material

By loading nanometer anatase onto exfoliated graphite with the sol-gel method, exfoliated graphite-TiO2 composite （EG-TiO2） can be prepared, which can adsorb oil and can also degrade oil. In a technologic condition for preparing EG-TiO2, the impregnated number of times is the most important factor to influence oil-adsorbing capability, that is, when the impregnated number of times increases, the amount of saturation-adsorbed oil decreases. The study of EG-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of machine oil based on the weight-loss method and infrared spectrum method indicates that EG-TiO2 has obvious effect of photocatalytic degradation for machine oil. Its performance is superior to pure nanometer TiO2 powder because nanometer TiO2 in EG-TiO2 has three-dimension laminar structure and comparatively high adsorption capability.     

基于SPOT-VGT数据的流域植被覆盖动态变化及空间格局特征——以淮河流域为例

为探明近10多年来淮河流域的植被覆盖状况动态变化及其空间格局,本研究基于SPOT-VGT的NDVI数据和淮河流域土地利用/覆被数据,利用ArcGIS空间分析工具,设计植被动态空间计算模型,分析了1999-2007年淮河流域植被变化的时空格局,包括年内各月变化规律、年际变化趋势、不同景观类型的植被指数特征及其变化趋势等.结果表明:①SPOT-VGT数据结合GIS空间分析和建模工具,可以较好的计算和分析流域尺度的植被状况时空格局;②淮河流域绝大部分地区(71.33％)在1999-2007年NDVI有显著增加趋势,表明流域整体植被覆盖明显改善;③淮河流域NDVI年内变化曲线呈双峰型,4月份和8月份分别出现波峰,8月波峰高于4月;④淮河流域植被覆盖状况空间差异显著,NDVI多年平均值的空间格局为:平原地区较高,淮河干流北岸高于南岸;山丘区差异较大,大别山区植被指数最高,沂蒙山区植被指数最低,水土流失风险较高;大中城市及其周边地区,植被指数低;⑤不同景观类型的NDVI多年变化趋势存在一定的差异:耕地、林地、草地、盐碱地的平均值增长趋势显著且较为平稳.滩地在波动中有小幅度增长;沼泽地波动幅度最大.本研究可为淮河流域森林保育、水土流失防治等措施的制定提供科学依据.     

星载降水测量雷达降水产品研究进展

利用星载技术获得的降水信息与其他常规观测手段得到的信息相比,具有更广的空间覆盖性。星载产品的研究对降水微观信息的认识、数值预报的改进和水文农业的发展都有十分重要的意义。本文对美国宇航局NASA和日本宇航局JAXA联合开发的气象卫星降水产品,即第1部TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission)卫星的降水雷达(PR))和GPM(Global Precipitation Measurement)卫星的双频降水雷达(DPR)的降水产品,从评估验证、统计分析和个例分析的角度分类阐述了目前对TRMM和GPM降水产品的相关研究工作,最后提出了目前星载降水产品存在的一些问题、星载仪器的局限性以及对未来星载降水产品发展的展望。