养殖对虾与海捕对虾鉴别方法初探

通过对养殖中国对虾(Penaeus orientalis)和海捕中国对虾肌肉煮熟后的失水率,提取物中的甜菜碱和氧化三甲胺含量,以及虾肉脂质中所含脂肪酸组成和含量进行了分析比较,得到下列结果:(1)两类对虾鲜样煮熟后失水率相差6％以上;(2)海捕对虾肌肉中的甜菜碱和氧化三甲胺含量比养殖对虾的高,两者有显著差别;(3)养殖对虾肌肉所含C18:2ω6为17.3±1.5％,海捕对虾为2.0±0.8％。从以上结果本文推荐以脂肪酸C18:2ω6含量来鉴别养殖对虾与海捕对虾。     

Chronology and cooling history of the Tianmenshan pluton in South Jiangxi Province and their geological significance

Geochronological studies on the crust-derived Tianmenshan pluton were undertaken by SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating and Ar-Ar dating of biotite, muscovite and K-feldspar, giving a petrogenetic age of 167 Ma. Owing to the closure systems in different minerals, the cooling history of the pluton can be determined with an age-temperature diagram. The late hydrothermal event has been recognized, which is related probably with mineralization. In terms of the comparative geochronological and petrologic records, it is concluded that there are some constrains on tectonic evolution and that the formation of the Tianmenshan pluton proceeded in a transition period from Indosinian post-orogeny extension to strong compressive tectonics. And the timing of the hydrothermal event matches the compressive climax of the Yanshanian orogeny. The temporal gap between granite emplacement and wolframite mineralization could last 10-20 Ma owing to the low cooling rate of the pluton.     

地形因素对航空面阵CCD影像的影响分析与评价

地形因素,包括地面起伏和地球曲率,是造成航空数字遥感影像变形的主要原因之一.本文以中国科学院遥感所自行研发的多模态航空CCD相机系统为对象,结合其成像模式和几何形态,分析了地形因素给影像带来的变形,推导出航空面阵CCD影像变形的一般公式,并通过概算进行了定量评价,得出了对于航空面阵CCD影像,要想得到高精度的几何处理,必须改正地球曲率影响的结论.     

辽宁北票早白垩世义县组松柏类金钱松属（Pseudolarix）的发现及其起源与演化意义

报导辽宁北票下白垩统义县组尖山沟层松柏类金钱松属一新种Pseudolarix gaoi sp. nov. 和一个新联合种Pseudolarix chilitica (Sun et Zheng) Zheng, comb. nov.,前者是一个保存较好的带叶小枝,具长枝和短枝,长枝又可分为主枝和侧枝, 侧枝长短不一,其上着生有许多呈螺旋状排列的桶状短枝;叶在短枝上簇生,线形或披针状线形,扁平,上表面中脉不隆起,下表面沿隆起的中脉有两条气孔带;气孔为单唇式,极副卫细胞为伸长的长方形.后者是以分散保存的Schizolepis式的雌球果和果鳞、Pityospermum 式的翅籽、着生于短枝末端上的雄球果以及 Pityocladus 式的带叶小枝为代表.上述两种松柏类化石可能代表仅幸存于中国南方现生金钱松属单型种Pseudolarix amabilis (Nelson) Rehd. 的先驱分子.有一部分Schizolepis式的雌球果可能与金钱松属的起源与演化有关.     

评价生物气生成量、生成期的元素平衡法及其应用

生物气的生成期对其成藏有至关重要的制约作用,但目前国内外尚缺少可信、有效方法来对此进行评价。针对这一难题,考虑到无论生物气的生成机理如何,都是一个有机元素之间的物质平衡过程,文章探索并建立了评价生物气生成量的元素平衡法,并利用松辽盆地大量的实际分析数据,对这一评价方法(模型)进行了标定和应用。结果表明,松辽盆地生物气的生成可能主要发生在800m以浅的埋深条件下;区内源岩生物气的生成量约为285.0×1012m3;生物气的主要生成期在嫩江组沉积末期之前。     

区域性地质灾害气象预报方法研究

从气象的角度，基于对全国地质灾害预警区域的划分，利用历史地质灾害记录以及历史气象资料，分区建立了全国范围的区域气象潜势预报模型，并从2003年6月1日开始投入业务应用。总体预报服务效果较好，收到了较好的社会效益。同时还要进一步加强科学研究，提高科技含量，优化预报模型。     

Tests on low‐ductility RC frames under high‐ and low‐frequency excitations

The response of low‐ductility reinforced concrete (RC) frames, designed typically for a non‐seismic region, subjected to two frequencies of base excitations is studied. Five half‐scaled, two‐bay, two‐storey, RC frames, each approximately 5 m wide by 3.3 m high, were subjected to both horizontal and/or vertical base excitations with a frequency of 40 Hz as well as a lower frequency of about 4 Hz (close to the fundamental frequency) using a shake table. The imposed acceleration amplitude ranged from 0.2 to 1.2g. The test results showed that the response characteristics of the structures differed under high‐ and low‐frequency excitations. The frames were able to sustain high‐frequency excitations without damage but were inadequate for low‐frequency excitations, even though the frames exhibited some ductility. Linear‐elastic time‐history analysis can predict reasonably well the structural response under high‐frequency excitations. As the frames were not designed for seismic loads, the reinforcement detailing may not have been adequate, based on the crack pattern observed. The effect of vertical excitation can cause significant additional forces in the columns and moment reversals in the beams. The ‘strong‐column, weak‐beam’ approach for lateral load RC frame design is supported by experimental observations. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

长江三峡工程蓄水对链子崖危岩体T8-T12缝段稳定性影响研究

三峡水库蓄水后,已治理的链子崖危岩体,特别是T8-T12缝段岩体将受到江水的长期作用和影响,直接关系到防治工程的成败.通过大量实地调查和岩体测试,着重论述水库蓄水对T8-T12裂缝及其充填物的作用和影响;并以此为基础,用改进的Sarma法对该段危岩体的稳定性进行重新计算和评价,得出一系列新的结论:总体上,长江水位抬升后,水对裂缝的溶蚀作用和劈裂作用,使裂缝整体加宽,不利于危岩体的稳定;考虑岩体和承重阻滑键取长期强度和江水位骤然升降,以及地震影响,链子崖危岩体整体稳定性将恶化,但NE20°方向稳定程度好于NW350°.     

云南银(铅)-锌矿开发史料与找矿探讨

云南是银铅锌矿开发较早的省份之一，史料丰富。本文从史料的角度，阐述了与云南古代有关银（铅）－锌矿的开发概况，基本特点以及如何保护，继承这份丰富的历史遗产，进而对目前有关史料的研究和古代采矿遗址清理情况进行分析，提出今后找矿的一些想法。     

滇西北地区富碱岩体(脉)地质学及岩石化学特征

喜山期富碱岩体广布于滇西北地区 ,通过对其地质学和岩石化学特征的研究 ,认为富碱岩体 (脉 )由正长 (斑 )岩、二长斑岩、花岗斑岩及相关的火山岩组成 ,具有多次活动的特征 ,并形成区内富有特色的岩浆岩系列 ;该系列岩浆岩以富碱高钾为突出特点 ,具有正常的岩浆演化趋势 ,不同岩带岩石地质学和岩石化学方面有区域性变化规律。