Magnetic susceptibility of ultrahigh pressure eclogite: The role of retrogression

Retrograde metamorphism played the dominant role in changing the low-field rock magnetic properties and density of 198 specimens of variably retrograded eclogites from the main borehole of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project (CCSD) and from surface outcrops in the Donghai area in the southern part of the Sulu UHP belt, China. Bulk magnetic susceptibility (κ) of unretrogressed UHP eclogite is controlled by whole-rock chemical composition and ranges from 397 to 2312 μSI with principal magnetic susceptibility carrying minerals paramagnetic garnet, omphacite, rutile and phengite. Partially retrograded eclogites show large variations in magnetic susceptibility between 804 and 24,277 μSI, with high mean magnetic susceptibility values of 4372 ± 4149 μSI caused by appreciable amounts of Fe-Ti oxide minerals such as magnetite, ilmenite and/or titanohematite produced by retrograde metamorphic reactions. Completely retrograded eclogites have lower susceptibilities of 1094 ± 600 μSI and amphibolite facies mineral assemblages lacking high magnetic susceptibility minerals. Jelínek's corrected anisotropy (P_j) of eclogites ranges from 1.001 to 1.540, and shows a positive correlation with low-field magnetic susceptibility (κ). Arithmetic mean bulk density (ρ) shows a steady decrease from 3.54 ± 0.11 g/cm³ (fresh eclogite) to 2.98 ± 0.06 g/cm³ (completely retrograded eclogite). Retrograde metamorphic changes in mineral composition during exhumation appear to be the major factor causing variations in low field magnetic susceptibility and anisotropy. Retrograde processes must be taken into account when interpreting magnetic surveys and geophysical well logs in UHP metamorphic terranes, and petrophysical properties such as density and low-field magnetic susceptibility could provide a means for semi-quantifying the degree of retrogression of eclogite during exhumation.     

Calcified roasting-acid leaching process of vanadium from low-grade vanadium-containing stone coal

The low-grade vanadium-containing stone coal used in this experiment was collected from Wuxi Coun- try, Chongqing City, China. The experiment focused on the vanadium recovery from roasted residue through opti- mizing the process conditions of an effective and environmentally-friendly technology, named calcified roast- ing-sulfuric acid leaching technology. By single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiments, the effects of roast- ing temperature, roasting time, sulfuric acid concentration and leaching time on the leaching ratio of vanadium were analyzed. The results showed that the leaching ratio of vanadium reached 85.5% under the proper technological con- ditions of roasting temperature=950℃, roasting time=4 h, 40% concentration of sulfuric acid and leaching time=6 h.     

Assessing the vulnerability of social–environmental system from the perspective of hazard,sensitivity, and resilience: a case study of Beijing,China

Despite a recent increase in the number of vulnerability analyses there has been relatively little discussion of vulnerability assessment of social–environment system, especially when they face multiple hazards. In this study, we developed an applicable and convenient method to assess vulnerability of social–environment system at a regional scale. Vulnerability is quantified by measuring three critical elements (i.e. hazards, sensitivity, and resilience) through some key variables. The results showed that vulnerability is high in Miaofeng Mountain in Mengtougou District, the hills of Pinggu County and the riparian zones of the lower courses of the Beiyun and Yongding Rivers; but low in the city of Beijing and the southwestern part of the Fangshan District. Areas of very high, high, medium, and low-vulnerability account for 6.19, 25.48, 33.06, and 35.27% of the total area, respectively. The degree of vulnerability decreases in a northwest direction in mountainous areas and declines from watercourses to riparian zones along a lateral direction in the plain. Some adaptive strategies are also proposed.     

基于CMIP5多模式集合资料的中国气温和降水预估及概率分析

选用国际耦合模式比较计划第五阶段（CMIP5）提供的30个全球大气-海洋耦合模式（AOGCMs）在典型浓度路径（RCPs）情景下气温和降水量的预估结果,采用扰动法,用站点观测资料作为气候背景场替代AOGCM模拟的气候平均,尝试校正气候预估结果的系统性偏差。通过集合方法,用概率的形式给出中国平均气温升高1 ℃,2 ℃和3 ℃以及降水量增加10%,20%和30%概率的空间分布,讨论了中国未来平均气温和降水量可能的变化。结果表明：经过扰动法处理后的气温和降水量预估集合保留了当前气候的局地信息。预估平均气温在中国均有上升,北方地区尤其是青藏高原地区变暖的程度大于南方地区,北方大部分地区平均气温升高的趋势为0.28 ℃/10a。在21世纪初,中国北方地区年平均气温升高1 ℃的可能性超过50%。到了21世纪末期,中国大部分地区平均气温升高2 ℃的可能性超过60%,新疆北部以及青藏高原南部地区气温升高3 ℃的可能性超过50%。预估中国降水量普遍增多,中国北方地区降水量增多的程度要明显大于江淮流域及其以南地区,尤其是西北地区降水量增多非常显著,降水量增多30%的可能性超过70%以上。     

Valency Study of Vanadium in Stone Coal Ash of Jiangxi Province

Vanadium-bearing stone coal is a new vanadium resource;recovery ofV_2O_5 from the coal has been investigated.It has been found that a satisfactoryextraction of V_2O_5 depends on both the oxidation of V and its reaction with so-dium salt.V in the coal ash of Yushan mainly exists in two oxidation states:98％V(Ⅲ)and2％V(Ⅳ).The distribution of valency of V shows that organicmatter determines V valency at low temperatures,at about470℃,V(Ⅲ)iscompletely oxidized to V(Ⅳ);above500℃,the temperature is the most impor-tant factor for the oxidation of V .At higher temperatures no more V is oxidizedto V(Ⅴ);an equilibrium is established after92％of V is oxidized to V(Ⅴ).The roles of NaCl in the recovery of V_2O_5 from the coal ash were discussed.The best conditions for roasting are temperature750-800℃for1 h.underthe oxidation-chlorination atmosphere.When the ore:NaCl=100:10 by weight,η_roast reaches85.5％.According to the results,a flowsheet for V_2O_5 extrac-tion from coal ash has been proposed.     

且干布拉克蛭石的矿物学研究

本文对产于新疆且干布拉克的我国最大蛭石矿的组成、结构和谱学特征做了系统的阐述。研究表明:且干布拉克蛭石是由金云母风化而成。由于风化的不完全,该蛭石保留了许多金云母的特征。该蛭石不是个严格矿物学意义上的蛭石,它是由金云母、严格矿物学意义上的蛭石、以及两者组成的多种混层矿物的混合物。金云母风化过程中可能有杂质铁相生成。蛭石的颜色和多色性,可能起因于其中的O~(2-)→Fe~(2+23+)和Fe~(2+)→Fe~(3+)     

西昆仑落石沟一带铅锌矿成矿规律与找矿前景

西昆仑落石沟矿带是新疆西南部重要的成矿区带,落石沟矿带已发现铁、铜、铅锌矿(床)点13处,成矿潜力巨大。文章在综合前人工作成果的基础上,就区域内铅锌矿的分布规律、成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征、区域物化探异常特征、成矿模式、控矿因素等方面进行了介绍,重点以宝塔山、多宝山铅锌矿作为典型矿床对其成矿特征进行了分析和对比,指出西昆仑落石沟一带为寻找MVT型(碳酸盐岩容矿型)铅锌矿的有利地区,初步总结了该成矿带铅锌矿的控矿规律,确定了区域预测要素,提出了找矿有利地区。     

斜方辉石的反演畴结构对其衍射效应的影响

斜方辉石内部存在着众多的相邻间呈反演关系的(100)晶畴。这些晶畴的存在使斜方辉石的K为奇数的okl衍射之强度明显减弱,且参与衍射的晶畴的数目越多,其减弱的程度也就越大。这一现象在一定程度上掩盖了斜方辉石P2_(1ca)的真实对称性。与X射线衍射相比,利用电子衍射来研究斜方辉石的空间群类型具有明显的优越性。     

利用膨润土与工业废渣制轻质保温材料

本文介绍了利用膨润土、钙质造纸废渣制备轻质保温材料的研究,分析了膨润土在轻质保温材料制备中的作用,优选出制备轻质保温材料的配方和工艺。该材料的导热系数为０ ．１７１ Ｗ／ｍ·Ｋ,抗压强度约为９ ．３７ ｋｇ／ｃｍ２ ,容重为０ ．４９ ｇ／ｃｍ３ 。