Effects of dissolved oxygen and nutrients from the Kuroshio on hypoxia off the Changjiang River estuary

The intrusion of the Kuroshio into the East China Sea(ECS)affects the development of hypoxia off the Changjiang(Yangtze)River estuary;however,quantitative analy...     

滇西银厂坪花岗斑岩岩体的地球化学及年代学特征

银厂坪花岗斑岩岩体位于扬子陆块的西南缘,处于鲜水河-小江碱性岩带和金沙江-哀牢山富碱斑岩带之间。其主量元素具有高碱,高Na₂O/K₂O值,低TiO₂特征,属于高钾钙碱性系列岩石。微量元素富集LILE,LREE和过渡金属元素(Cu、Ni、Co),具有明显的“Ta-Nb-Ti"负异常,Eu负异常不明显。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄表明该区岩石的结晶年龄为(37.39±0.33) Ma。εHf(t)值为-1.8~+1.8,两阶段模式年龄为996~1 226 Ma。该区岩石具有较低的εNd(t)值（-7.4~-3.6）,较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i比值（0.706 077~0.706 231）,以及具有造山带铅特征的207Pb/204Pb值（15.567~15.574）和208Pb/204Pb值（38.321~38.335）。对银厂坪岩体的元素地球化学以及Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素组成特征分析研究认为,研究区的花岗斑岩形成于近似大陆弧环境,同位素地球化学属于EMI-EMII过渡型源区,岩体形成于壳幔混合层。银厂坪岩体的地球化学属性更靠近安宁河碱性岩带,是该带分异末端的酸性端员组分。     

海量卫星重力梯度观测数据确定地球重力位模型的数值方法

基于空域最小二乘法,对卫星重力梯度数据确定地球重力场中的Cholesky分解法、预条件共轭梯度法以及OpenMP并行算法3种数值方法进行比较与分析。研究表明,在计算机硬件资源有限的情况下,传统的Cholesky分解法已经无法满足求解要求;预条件共轭梯度法的求解效率较之Cholesky分解法有改进,但其以损失小量精度为代价;OpenMP并行算法在不损失求解精度的条件下,可提高求解的效率。     

Biweekly periodic variation of the Kuroshio axis northeast of Taiwan as revealed by ocean high-frequency radar

An analysis of surface current data obtained from 2002 to 2005 using long-range high-frequency radar provides the first evidence for the presence of biweekly (11–14 day) periodic variations of the Kuroshio axis northeast of Taiwan. This analysis clarifies the spatiotemporal characteristics of these variations and reveals that cyclonic/anticyclonic eddies propagating along the shelf slope from the vicinity of the deep channel east of Taiwan induce these variations northeast of Taiwan. The behavior of the cyclonic/anticyclonic eddies on the shelf slope is well explained by 2nd-mode interior shelf waves advected by the Kuroshio's mean flow. Remote effects from the vicinity of the deep channel east of Taiwan, or from outside the East China Sea, are believed to play an important role in the generation of these biweekly periodic variations of the Kuroshio axis northeast of Taiwan. Moreover, on the shelf slope, these variations cause an onshore current across the shelf slope, suggesting topographically controlled upwelling. Therefore, the biweekly periodic variations of the Kuroshio axis northeast of Taiwan might contribute not only to the onshore transport of Kuroshio surface water but also to transport nutrient-rich Kuroshio subsurface water onto the shelf in the East China Sea.     

近千年全球温度变化研究的新进展

结合国内外有关研究,综合评述了美国国家科学院国家研究理事会的报告 --"近两千年地面温度的重建"。重点介绍了气候变暖的新证据,3个特征时期即20世纪气候变暖、小冰期（LIA）、中世纪暖期（MWP）和近千年温度变化模拟的结果。     

气候模式

气候模式建立在物理、化学、生物学等基础上,用数学方程式表现地球气候系统各个圈层相互作用和反馈的主要过程以及与外强迫的关联,广泛应用在气候与气候变化研究中,因此气候模式是气候变暖研究的核心技术。气候变暖的预估几乎完全依赖模式的模拟。历届IPCC第一工作组的评估报告,均     

Abrupt climate changes of Holocene

This paper is a review of studies of abrupt climate changes(ACCs) during the Holocene published during the past ten years.North Atlantic cold events are indicators of ACCs.As indicated by North Atlantic ice-rafted debris(IRD),there were nine confirmed cold events during the Holocene,occurring at 11.1 kyr,10.3 kyr,9.4 kyr,8.1 kyr,5.9 kyr,4.2 kyr,2.8 kyr,1.4 kyr,and 0.4 kyr respectively according to most representative results from Bond et al.(1997).However,the identification of chronology has been made with some uncertainties.Considerable climatic proxy data have shown that,during the cold events,substantial climate abnormalities have occurred widely across the globe,particularly in the areas surrounding the North Atlantic.These abnormalities were in the form of high-latitude cold in the both hemispheres,expansion of the Westerlies to low latitudes,drought in the monsoon regions,recession of summer monsoons,and intensification of the winter monsoons.Studies have indicated that the four ACCs occurring in the early Holocene may be related to freshwater pulses from ice melting in the northern part of the North Atlantic,and the other five ACCs that occurred during the middle and late Holocene may be related to the decreased solar activity.     

Natural Heritage value of Xinjiang Tianshan and global comparative analysis

Xinjiang Tianshan is a serial natural property that has been nominated for World Heritage status.This paper presents a systematically comprehensive and comparative analysis of the heritage resources of Xinjiang Tianshan according to the World Heritage criteria.Its biological,ecological and aesthetic values,which are of global importance, are documented.It is concluded that Xinjiang Tianshan meets the world heritage criteria(vii)and (ix).Xinjiang Tianshan is compared with other mountain world heritage sites,mountains in Central Asia,the Tianshan Mountains outside China,and with the protected areas of the Tianshan Mountains on the Tentative List for World Heritage Sites,so as to provide objective data for the world heritage application.     

Ensemble numerical forecasts of the sporadic Kuroshio water intrusion (kyucho) into shelf and coastal waters

The finite volume coastal ocean model downscaling ocean reanalysis and forecast data provided by the Japan Coastal Ocean Predictability Experiment (JCOPE2) are used to forecast sudden Kuroshio water intrusion events (kyucho) induced by frontal waves amplified south of the Bungo Channel in 2010. Two-month hindcast computations give initial conditions of the following 3-month forecasts computations which consist of ten ensemble members. The temperature time series computed by these ten members are averaged to compare with that actually observed in the Bungo Channel, where sudden temperature rises related to kyucho events are remarkable in February, August, and September. Overall, the intense kyucho events actually observed in these months are predicted successfully. However, intense kyucho events are forecasted frequently during the period of May through June even though intense kyucho events are absent during this period in the actual ocean. It is suggested that the present downscaling forecast model requires reliable lateral boundary conditions provided by JCOPE2 data to which numerous Argo data are assimilated to enhance the accuracy. In addition, it seems likely that the model accuracy is reduced by small eddies moving along the shelf break.