Atmospheric Reactive Nitrogen Cycle and Stable Nitrogen Isotope Processes: Progresses and Perspectives

Oxidized reactive nitrogen in the atmosphere mainly consists of nitrogen oxides (NO _X =NO+NO₂, NO₃) and nitric acid. The atmospheric cycling of NO _X influences the formation of ozone and hydroxyl radicals that are important for atmospheric oxidation capacity. Nitric acid, the final product of NO _X oxidation, not only is an important component of particulate pollutants, but also has a direct impact on the ecosystem through dry and wet deposition. The stable nitrogen isotope (δ¹⁵N) shows the potential to study reactive nitrogen cycle, and to trace the emission, transport and deposition of reactive nitrogen from local to global scales. Here, we reviewed previous studies using δ¹⁵N to investigate NO _X emission and atmospheric reactive nitrogen cycle, and discuss the uncertainties of δ¹⁵N signatures of different NO _X sources from two aspects: NO _X generation mechanism and NO _X collection methods. We also discussed the nitrogen isotope fractionation and the consequences during the conversions of NO _y molecules. We ended up with discussions on the possibility of using δ¹⁵N to trace NO _X emissions. Although there are still large uncertainties in quantifying and tracing NO _X emissions using nitrogen stable isotopes, such isotope tool is efficient enough to trace reactive nitrogen cycles in the atmosphere. On the basis of this, we proposed that we can combine atmospheric chemistry transmission models with isotope tracers to improve our understanding of regional and global atmospheric reactive nitrogen cycle regarding the fluxes of different emission sources, their atmospheric transformation, etc.     

Improving BDS integer ambiguity resolution using satellite-induced code bias correction for precise orbit determination

GPS Solutions - Successful resolution of integer ambiguity over long baselines is a key to improve the accuracy of precise orbit determination for global navigation satellite system satellites. The...     

东北亚地区MS6.0以上地震异常电磁波动研究

利用2005-01~2009-12 DEMETER电磁卫星详查模式下磁场与电场的极低频（ELF）三分量波形数据,选取东北亚地区（38°~58°N,105°~145°E）6个M_S≥6地震,对震前30 d震中上空±10°的6 000余条1130和1135轨道数据进行波矢分析和坡印廷矢量分析。结果发现,2005-08-16日本本洲东岸近海M_S7.2地震和2009-06-05日本北海道地区M_S6.6地震震前在质子回旋频率以下记录到来源于地球的异常电磁波扰动;2005-11-10俄罗斯西伯利亚东南部M_S6.4地震和2007-08-02俄罗斯萨哈林岛(库页岛)M_S6.8地震震前在质子回旋频率以下没有记录到异常电磁波扰动;2007-02-17日本北海道地区M_S6.2地震和2008-06-13日本本州东岸近海M_S7.3地震震前在质子回旋频率以下记录到异常电磁波扰动,但并非来源于地球。     

1999—2008年巴彦诺尔公气象要素对水面蒸发影响的灰色关联分析

利用巴彦诺尔公基准气候站1999—2008年非冻结期(4—10月)E-601B大型蒸发器观测的蒸发量,以及同步观测的常规气象要素,采用灰色关联方法初步探讨温度、风速、日照时数、气压等气象要素对水面蒸发的影响程度。结果表明,气象要素对巴彦诺尔公地区蒸发量影响程度从大到小的排序依次为温度、日照时数、气压和风速。     

渤海鱼类群落生物量指标时空格局的因子分析

渤海鱼类群落个体数指标时空格局的因子分析(朱鑫华,1996;朱鑫华等,1996)表明,在个体数量占优势的群落内,同一月份总鱼种数与第一主成分代表鱼种数成正相关。然而,由于鱼类群落内不同种间个体大小差异悬殊,加上同一鱼种的不同生活史阶段个体重量生长速率变化,导致群落个体数量特征分析多强调了小型种间的相互作用关系,而忽视了大型种,尤其是产卵群体的补充作用(Laevastu and Larkins,1981; Margalef,1979)。本文以生物量指标为目标变量,运用多元统计分析中的因子分析法,解析渤海鱼类群落指标一鱼种生物量生态密度(BED)时空分布格局,主要探讨群落结构时空格局易变性和稳定性,并以相隔10年的季度月资料比较分析,研究生态系统内群落演替动态过程间的相互关系(Ulanowicz and Platt,1985)。     

旋转向量水平分量对大洋内波方程的影响

在物理海洋学问题中,一般地采用固结在所研究海区中的直角笛卡尔坐标系(f-平面或β户平面近似),即原点在无扰动海面,z,y,x轴分别为向东、向北和向上.     

次火山岩型和斑岩型矿床地质对比

国内外资料表明,次火山岩型和斑岩型两类矿床在找矿标志和找矿方向上存在较大差别,在同时代的火山岩区,斑岩型铜矿化和次火山岩型铜矿化可以共存,但是,两者不是单一成矿阶段的产物,而是与同源多阶段侵入活动有关的不同成矿作用的产物。     

浙江陈蔡群斜长角闪岩的地球化学特征及其大地构造背景探讨

陈蔡群斜长角闪岩的基本组成矿物是斜长石和角闪石,不同样品中还可出现透辉石、黑云母、石英和碱性长石等。大多数斜长角闪岩显示石英拉斑和橄榄拉斑系列的特征,个别属于钙碱性系列。其稀土元素配分曲线显示不同程度的LREE富集特征,指示斜长角闪岩原岩在成岩过程方面的多样性。根据微量元素蛛网图的斜率和Nb、Ta异常情况以及Zr-TiO₂相关性,斜长角闪岩主要分成岛弧和洋岛两种类型,指示陈蔡群的原岩形成于洋内俯冲或洋陆俯冲的环境。龙游八都群斜长角闪岩呈MORB的地球化学特征,与陈蔡群斜长角闪岩形成鲜明的对比     

Differential transgression of rift basin and characteristic response of sedimentary system within sequence framework: An example from the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Baxian sag,Bohai Bay Basin

Multi-stage differential transgression controls sequence architecture and its sedimentary type and distribution during the tectonic evolution of lacustrine rift basin. Combined with the seismic data of the Baxian sag as well as drilling,logging,core and paleontological materials from 800 exploration wells,the study targeted the Members 1 and 3 of the Shahejie Formation to analyze sequence architecture and sedimentological difference within the sequence framework during the differential lake transgression,based on the investigation of the Paleogene lake basin evolution. The results showed that the fault slope-break slope architecture was well developed with back-stepping deltas and fan deltas during the slow lake transgression of the Member 3 of Shahejie Formation,in which forms thick high quality source rocks. The flexural-gentle slope architecture was well developed with mixed beach bar and small scale nearshore subaqueous fans(fan deltas)during the rapid transgression of the Member 1 of Shahejie Formation. The differential subsidence controlled the sequence architecture,paleogeomorphology and provenance supply,regulating the spatial lithological distribution. And there are significant differences in sequence architecture and sedimentary system during the different evolution stages of the lake basin. On this basis,the response model of sedimentary system characteristics under differential lacustrine transgression is established,which can be used for reference for oil and gas exploration,especially for lithologic oil and gas reservoir in the same type of basin.     

河南西峡石板沟金矿床蚀变岩矿物共生分析

石板沟金矿床的主要矿石类型为蚀变岩型和石英脉型,矿化与蚀变关系密切。通过矿物共生分析和石英中氢氧同位素测试等手段,认为成矿热液主要来源于变质水;并在此基础上,对矿床的成因控制及其演化过程进行了详细分析,确定该矿为中高温变质热液蚀变岩型金矿床。