全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2186篇 |
免费 | 470篇 |
国内免费 | 563篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 239篇 |
大气科学 | 306篇 |
地球物理 | 625篇 |
地质学 | 1293篇 |
海洋学 | 265篇 |
天文学 | 44篇 |
综合类 | 239篇 |
自然地理 | 208篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 16篇 |
2023年 | 78篇 |
2022年 | 136篇 |
2021年 | 160篇 |
2020年 | 155篇 |
2019年 | 158篇 |
2018年 | 149篇 |
2017年 | 144篇 |
2016年 | 137篇 |
2015年 | 150篇 |
2014年 | 153篇 |
2013年 | 151篇 |
2012年 | 129篇 |
2011年 | 111篇 |
2010年 | 150篇 |
2009年 | 137篇 |
2008年 | 118篇 |
2007年 | 121篇 |
2006年 | 96篇 |
2005年 | 75篇 |
2004年 | 78篇 |
2003年 | 65篇 |
2002年 | 84篇 |
2001年 | 72篇 |
2000年 | 62篇 |
1999年 | 68篇 |
1998年 | 48篇 |
1997年 | 31篇 |
1996年 | 23篇 |
1995年 | 22篇 |
1994年 | 29篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 21篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有3219条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
A coherency function model of ground motion at base rock corresponding to strike-slip fault 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
IntroductionEarthquakedamagesurveyandresearchresultshavedemonstratedthatspatialdistributiondifferenceofgroundmotionisoneoftheimportantreasonswhichcausedlongstructure(eglongspanbridge,undergroundpipe)destroy.Thathowtoprovideareasonableinputofgroundmotionfieldforaseismicdesignoflongstructureisaurgentprobleminearthquakeengineeringfield.Atpresent,themethodtostudyspatialvariationofgroundmotionsisadoptingstatisticanalysisbasedondensearrayrecordssuchasSMART-1array,etc,togetcoherencyfunctionofground… 相似文献
32.
33.
乌拉苔草光合速率日变化及日同化量 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
乌拉苔草沼泽是长白山沟谷湿地的重要类型 ,对其光合速率研究的结果表明 ,乌拉苔草光合速率日变化呈单峰曲线 ,最高峰出现在 1 0时 ,最大值是 1 8.0 7μmol(CO2 ) / (m2 ·s) ;与其该群落伴生的修氏苔草光合速率日变化出现“午休”现象。影响光合速率最大的环境因素是光量子通量密度和叶温 ,呈极显著的正相关 ,其他因素亦多呈正相关 ,环境因子综合影响了乌拉苔草的光合日进程。乌拉苔草光合作用的日总同化量为 1 896 0 1 .2 μmol(CO2 ) /m2 ,是光合能力较强的一种沼泽植物 相似文献
34.
35.
Introduction The observation records of strong ground motion previously, on the one hand, supplied basicdata both to research on earthquake engineering and to constitute the criterion of aseismatic de-signing of all project structures; on the other hand, it provided important information for the re-search on the process of epicenter burst in seismology. With the development of research on strongground motion observation, especially the development of the new generation accelerograph,which… 相似文献
36.
Spatial information on soil properties is an important input to hydrological models. In current hydrological modelling practices, soil property information is often derived from soil category maps by the linking method in which a representative soil property value is linked to each soil polygon. Limited by the area‐class nature of soil category maps, the derived soil property variation is discontinuous and less detailed than high resolution digital terrain or remote sensing data. This research proposed dmSoil, a data‐mining‐based approach to derive continuous and spatially detailed soil property information from soil category maps. First, the soil–environment relationships are extracted through data mining of a soil map. The similarity of the soil at each location to different soil types in the soil map is then estimated using the mined relationships. Prediction of soil property values at each location is made by combining the similarities of the soil at that location to different soil types and the representative soil property values of these soil types. The new approach was applied in the Raffelson Watershed and Pleasant Valley in the Driftless Area of Wisconsin, United States to map soil A horizon texture (in both areas) and depth to soil C horizon (in Pleasant Valley). The property maps from the dmSoil approach capture the spatial gradation and details of soil properties better than those from the linking method. The new approach also shows consistent accuracy improvement at validation points. In addition to the improved performances, the inputs for the dmSoil approach are easy to prepare, and the approach itself is simple to deploy. It provides an effective way to derive better soil property information from soil category maps for hydrological modelling. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
37.
Peatland initiation and carbon dynamics in northeast China: links to Holocene climate variability 下载免费PDF全文
Wei Xing Kunshan Bao Wenyong Guo Xianguo Lu Guoping Wang 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2015,44(3):575-587
Throughout northeast China, the widely distributed peatlands have formed a large carbon (C) pool. However, the relationship between peatland initiation and climate controls is still poorly documented and understood. Understanding the responses of these C‐rich ecosystems to past climate change will provide useful insights into projecting the fate of peatland C in the future. In this study, we present a detailed historical reconstruction of peatland development in northeast China based on 312 basal peat dates, and examine the relationship between Holocene peatland dynamics and climate sensitivity. Our results indicate that peatland initiation started in the early Holocene, and that the majority of peatlands were initiated by and developed during the late Holocene. After the most intensive initiation period of 4.2–0.8 ka, the rate of peatland development slowed, which was concomitant with decreasing insolation and monsoon intensity. The widespread peatland initiation in the late Holocene might have been caused by the cool and moist climate patterns. The optimum timing of the peatland development was not uniform across northeast China, and these spatio‐temporal differences indicate the influences of regional climate and terrain on peatland initiation. Peat‐core data show variations in the long‐term apparent rate of C accumulation (LORCA) during the Holocene, with an average rate of 37.2 g C m?2 a?1. The peak LORCA occurred during 10.5–9.0 ka, probably in response to higher temperatures and stronger East Asia summer monsoon intensities. Both temperature and humidity are important factors influencing the peatland initiation and C dynamics in this region. 相似文献
38.
39.
Pinnaduwa H. S. W. Kulatilake Srisharan Shreedharan Taghi Sherizadeh Biao Shu Yan Xing Pengfei He 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2016,34(6):1723-1735
Numerical modeling of complex rock engineering problems involves the use of various input parameters which control usefulness of the output results. Hence, it is of utmost importance to select the right range of input physical and mechanical parameters based on laboratory or field estimation, and engineering judgment. Joint normal and shear stiffnesses are two popular input parameters to describe discontinuities in rock, which do not have specific guidelines for their estimation in literature. This study attempts to provide simple methods to estimate joint normal and shear stiffnesses in the laboratory using the uniaxial compression and small-scale direct shear tests. Samples have been prepared using rocks procured from different depths, geographical locations and formations. The study uses a mixture of relatively smooth natural joints and saw-cut joints in the various rock samples tested. The results indicate acceptable levels of uncertainty in the calculation of the stiffness parameters and provide a database of good first estimates and empirical relations which can be used for calculating values for joint stiffnesses when laboratory estimation is not possible. Joint basic friction angles have also been estimated as by-products in the small scale direct shear tests. 相似文献
40.
HAN Jian LI Guoxiang Kubota Shin Ou Qiang Toshino Sho Wang Xing Yang Xiaoguang Uesugi Kentaro Masato Hoshino Sasaki Osamu Kano Harumas Sato Tomohiko Komiya Tsuyoshi 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(1):38-65
The early Cambrian pentamerous microfossil Olivooides/Punctatus in South China, which is characterized by a diagnostic stellate tubular apex, has been well-known for its almost complete development sequence that can be confidently traced from embryos and hatched juveniles, to conical adults. However, its zoological affinity remains highly controversial. Here we describe the internal microanatomic structures of the soft-body inside the peridermal theca of Olivooides multisulcatus Qian, 1977, including interradial pairs of tentacles, adradial and perradial frenula, perradial oral marginal lappets and twins of perradial gastric saccule-like humps as well as a circular velarium with striated coronal muscles. Particularly, one specimen shows bifurcated velarial canals along the bell aperture. Both the components of the soft-body and the external theca (or cyst) are arranged in perfect pentaradial symmetry. These characteristics are more compatible with those of living cubomedusans and co-occurring Cambrian athecate embryonic cubozoans. Concerning the presence of peridermal theca, Olivooides most likely represents an extinct thecate stem-group cubomedusae but devoid of both perradial eyes and specialized pedalia. The well-grown soft body inside the peridermal tube displays a set of mixed features of both polyp and medusa. 相似文献