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181.
Yuanrong Zhu Runyu Zhang Fengchang Wu Xiaoxia Qu Fazhi Xie Zhiyou Fu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(4):1041-1052
Information on the chemical composition of phosphorus (P) fractions in sediments is fundamental to understanding P bioavailability and eutrophication in lake ecosystems. Phosphorus fractions and its bioavailability in sediments cores of Lake Hongfeng, southwest China, were investigated using a chemical sequential extraction scheme. Relationships between P fractions, P bioavailability and particle sizes were discussed. P fractions concentrations were ranked in the order: Residual-P > NaOH–rP > NaOH–NRP > HCl–P > BD–P > NH4Cl–P, and all of them decreased with increasing sediment depth. Statistical analysis showed that concentrations of bioavailable P (BAP) which includes the NH4Cl–P, BD–P, NaOH–rP and NaOH–NRP fractions ranged from 404.68 to 1,591.99 mg/kg and accounted for 26.8–71.8 % of the concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) in the top 5 cm sediments, whereas in the whole sediment cores, their concentrations ranged from 239.70 to 1,591.99 mg/kg and accounted for 26.8–76.0 % of TP. The results suggested that the sediments were a large potential source of P for algae blooms in Lake Hongfeng. Phosphorus fractions and their potential bioavailability were influenced by the sediment particle sizes, especially the bioavailability of the NH4Cl–P fraction, which was strongly affected by the presence of fine particle sizes in the sediments. 相似文献
182.
D-InSAR-based landslide location and monitoring at Wudongde hydropower reservoir in China 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
Guijie Wang Mowen Xie Xiaoqing Chai Liwei Wang Chenxi Dong 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(8):2763-2777
Differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (D-InSAR) has become a useful technique for monitoring ground movement. The technique enables the analysis of very small ground movements in continuous, large areas and has the advantages of high accuracy, high resolution, all-weather adaptability, low cost, and inaccessible area coverage. Thus, D-InSAR has been widely used in the investigation of geologic hazards, such as subsidence, landslide, earthquake, and volcanic activity. In this paper, D-InSAR is used to locate and monitor landslide movement in the wide area of Wudongde Hydropower Reservoir in Jinsha River, China. Five SAR acquisitions are obtained by using the phased array-type L-band synthetic aperture radar sensor of the Advanced Land Observing Satellite. Detailed moving displacement maps in two time periods are derived by using the D-InSAR technique, and potentially moving landslide areas, as well as landslide hazard areas, are then located. The L1R-6 landslide, which is in active state, is investigated in detail. The deforming tendency obtained via D-InSAR is consistent with that obtained via global positioning system (GPS) monitoring. Error analysis of the D-InSAR results is also conducted. Finally, the grid function interpolation method of error reduction, which combines D-InSAR and GPS, is proposed to reduce the single-point error in D-InSAR monitoring and is further verified by the considerable improvement in the accuracy of L1R-6 landslide monitoring. 相似文献
183.
184.
An approach to studying heavy metal pollution caused by modern city development in Nanjing, China 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Nanjing is currently one of the fastest developing regions in terms of construction and economy in China. Heavy metal pollution
is becoming more serious with the expansion of production and life scales. Four environmental units (highway, refinery, rubbish
dumps associated with human daily life, and shoal of the Yangtse River) were selected from the region according to the geneses
of the pollution to study and evaluate the distribution and mechanism of the contamination, the speciations of the polluting
elements, and the geneses of the pollution in the soils and sediments. The purposes of the study are to understand generally
the current situation and the cause of the pollution, and to provide a scientific basis to prevent and solve the pollution
problem. At the same time, it would be helpful to probe the effective way of studying heavy metal pollution resulting from
the development of modern cities and to accumulate data. It is indicated by the study that the heavy metals contained in the
soil of the environmental unit of the highway are Pb, Co and Cr; in the soil of the refinery Cr, V, Pb, Ni, and Co; in the
soil of the rubbish plot Co, Cu, and Sb; in the sediments of the shoal Pb, Co, Cu, and Ni. Fe-Mn oxide is given the first
place to the speciations in polluting heavy metals transmitted by air. Carbonate is more in speciations of polluting heavy
metals transmitted by water than in speciations of the metals transmitted by air. In the ten elements studied, Pb is most
directly poisonous to the plants in the region; Co and Cu are the next, and Ni is the least. Heavy metal pollution has been
occurring in the soils and sediments of the region and the situation will worsen if some effective measures are not taken.
Received: 18 October 1997 · Accepted: 3 February 1998 相似文献
185.
浅层地震探测技术应用中的分辨率问题 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
浅层地震探测技术中影响分辨率的因素,除与反射波主频和频带宽度有关外,还主要受信噪比、子波形态、采样率、岩性界面反射系数的影响。浅层地震探测中,通过高分辨率数据处理,能有效地提高资料的信噪比和分辨率。 相似文献
186.
187.
188.
Heping Xie Wen Jiang Zhengmeng Hou Ying Xue Yufei Wang Tao Liu Liang Tang Dinglu Wu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(21):732
Mineral aerosols play a significant role in gas–solid interfacial and atmospheric chemistry. Carbonation of olivine aerosol, which takes place in a multiphase reaction processes, can be an effective means to reduce the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Due to the presence of a huge reserve of silicate minerals in nature, olivine aerosol could be an ideal potential raw material for mineral carbonation for its higher reactivity with H2O and CO2. However, quantitative information about the carbonation process on the surface of natural olivine aerosol is not available. In this paper, calculations on the carbonation reaction processes with and without a H2O molecule using a periodic olivine model has been carried out via the density functional theory. The pathways and their corresponding energies and structures in the carbonation reactions have been established, and the effect of water as means to reduce the energy barriers and stabilize the carbonated structures by forming hydrogen bonds has been confirmed. 相似文献
189.
Yan Yang Tianhu Chen Ping Li Chengsong Qing Qiaoqin Xie Xinmin Zhan 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(3):205
Colloidal pyrite waste rocks (CPWR) which are mainly composed of colloidal pyrite and siderite widely deposit in sulfide mines in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River belt, China, especially in Tongling City, Anhui Province, China. In this paper, a fixed-bed column was used to investigate the weathering and oxidation of CPWR and its role in immobilizing low-concentration Cu (10 mg L?1) under weakly acidic leach (pH = 5.0). The experimental results indicated that the breakthrough capacity was around 14.0 mg Cu g?1 CPWR when Cu2+ breakthrough concentration was 0.5 mg L?1. Sequential extraction of Cu and dithionite–citrate–bicarbonate extraction of free iron in the used CPWR after the column breakthrough indicated that Cu removal by CPWR consisted of the following processes: oxidation of pyrite and dissolution of siderite in CPWR, ferrous oxidation, and adsorption of Cu on ferric (hydr)oxides. This study shows the potential application of CPWR as an effective sorbent for the removal of low-concentration Cu from acid mine drainage. 相似文献
190.