琼东南盆地深水区古近系陵水组输导体系特征

以Vail经典的层序地层学理论为指导,采用深水区地震资料与浅水区钻井资料结合,相互印证对比的方法,将琼东南盆地深水区古近系陵水组自下而上划分出SⅠ、SⅡ、SⅢ和SⅣ4个三级层序,建立了研究区目的层三维等时层序地层格架。在此基础上采用单要素综合分析的方法,对陵水组输导体系进行研究,将该区目的层输导体划分为储集体、不整合面和断裂等3种。根据输导要素和空间形态,总结出9种输导模式类型。结合盆地温度场、压力场、流体势及烃源岩发育特征,指出盆地深水区陵水组主要发育地堑型和半地堑型两种成藏模式,并在优势输导体系评价的基础上对陵水组各层序有利勘探区域进行了预测。     

Thermal expansion of kyanite at ambient pressure： An X-ray powder diffraction study up to 1000 ℃

The thermal expansion coefficients of kyanite at ambient pressure have been investigated by an X-ray powder diffraction technique with temperatures up to 1000 °C. No phase transition was observed in the experimental temperature range. Data for the unit-cell parameters and temperatures were fitted empirically resulting in the following thermal expansion coefficients: αa = 5.8(3) × 10?5, αb = 5.8(1) × 10?5, αc = 5.2(1) × 10?5, and αV = 7.4(1) × 10?3 °C?1, in good agreement with a recent neutron powder diffraction study. On the other hand, the variation of the unit-cell angles α, β and γ of kyanite with increase in temperature is very complicated, and the agreement among all studies is poor. The thermal expansion data at ambient pressure reported here and the compression data at ambient temperature from the literature suggest that, for the kyanite lattice, the most and least thermally expandable directions correspond to the most and least compressible directions, respectively.     

塔里木盆地志留系层序地层特征

通过对塔里木盆地西缘露头、盆内钻井、测井和地震资料以及大量室内分析化验资料的层序地层综合分析，可将志留系划分成五个三级层序，志留系沉积层序厚度40--155m。层序界面多为分布范围较广的区域性或局部不整合。层序叠置样式可用具陆棚坡折的I型层序地层样式来描述。每个沉积层序可由完整的低位、海侵和高位体系域组成或由其中的一个、两个体系域组成。体系域边界主要依据滨岸上超点位置、岩性组合及准层序叠置样式变化来确定。低位体系域由向上粒度变细、砂岩厚度向上减薄的准层序组成；海侵体系域表现为向上泥岩厚度加大、砂岩厚度减薄的叠置特点；高位体系域表现为加积--进积沉积特征。志留纪，研究区接受了滨外陆棚及滨岸、海湾潮坪沉积，发育典型的海相沉积构造，表现出明显的旋回特征。     

准噶尔盆地西北缘车排子地区侏罗系物源及古水流分析

通过岩石岩屑组分分析、重矿物组分分析、倾角测井、地层厚度分析等方法，对准噶尔盆地西北缘车排子地区侏罗系进行物源及古水流方向分析。岩屑组分分析指示着大致的物源前进方向，重矿物分析明确了物源泄入的主要通道，倾角测井在单井点处对古流向有相当高的表现精度，但这三种方法均存在数据平面覆盖率较低和分布密度差异大的缺陷，而运用地震层位解释所得的地层等厚度图则可以在较大尺度上的二维平面内推测沉积时期的古地形，进而可以推测古流向，但它仅是一种间接预测方法，存在局部古流向预测精度较低的不足。文中综合各种方法，将直接预测方法的高精度和间接方法的高覆盖能力结合起来，对古流向作出较高精度的预测。在古流向研究的基础上建立了冲积扇－辫状河－河泛平原沉积体系的沉积相模式。该模式认为对于水流能量保持能力差的冲积扇，其古流向应该沿短轴陡坡降方向，即大致为SEE方向，而对于水流能量保持能力较强的辫状河来说，其古流向应该沿长轴缓坡降方向，即为SE甚至SSE方向。该模式的提出对于提高地震相－沉积相的转相精度具有一定的指导意义。     

开鲁盆地陆家堡西部凹陷上侏罗统沉积体系研究

本文运用地质、地震和测井等资料对陆西凹陷上侏罗统沉积体系特征进行了综合研究。该区上侏罗统发育了近岸水下扇、三角洲和以凹陷中古隆起为沉积背景的高垒斜坡扇等3种沉积体系，其中近岸水下扇为上侏罗统分布最普遍的沉积类型，构成本区主要储层，高垒斜坡扇是与水下古隆起有关的由滑塌作用形成的重力流沉积体，构成本区极富特色的沉积体系。     

The retrieval of two-dimensional distribution of the earth''''s surface aerodynamic roughness using SAR image and TM thermal infrared image

The research for the land surface fluxes has madea quiet great progress for its breakthroughs in the fieldof regional or global interactions between land surfaceand atmosphere. However, many remote sensing mod-els for estimating the land surface fluxes need the pa-rameters of surface momentum, heat, resistance ofwater vapor at a referenced height, which are the func-tion of aerodynamic surface roughness zad. It hasbeen validated that the retrieval of the land surfacefluxes is very sensitive to…     

Advances in carbon flux observation and research in Asia

As an important component of FLUXNET, Asia is increasingly becoming the hotspot in global carbon research for its vast territory, complex climate type and vegetation diversity. The present three regional flux observation networks in Asia (i.e. AsiaFlux, KoFlux and ChinaFLUX)have 54 flux observation sites altogether, covering tropic rainforest, evergreen broad-leaved forest, broad-leaved and coniferous mixed forest, shrubland, grassland, alpine meadow and cropland ecosystems with a latitudinal distribution from 2°N to 63°N. Long-term and continuous fluxes of carbon dioxide, water vapor and energy between the biosphere and atmosphere are mainly measured with eddy covariance technique to (1) quantify and compare the carbon, water and energy budgets across diverse ecosystems; (2) quantify the environmental and biotic controlling mechanism on ecosystem carbon, water and energy fluxes; (3) validate the soil-vegetation-atmosphere model; and (4) serve the integrated study of terrestrial ecosystem carbon and water cycle. Over the last decades, great advancements have been made in the theory and technology of flux measurement, ecosystem flux patterns, simulation and scale conversion by Asian flux community. The establishment of ChinaFLUX has greatly filled the gap of flux observation and research in Eurasia. To further promote the flux measurement and research,accelerate data sharing and improve the data quality, it is necessary to present a methodological system of flux estimation and evaluation over complex terrain and to develop the integrated research that combines the flux measurement, stable isotope measurement, remote sensing observation and GIS technique. It also requires the establishment of the Joint Committee of Asian Flux Network in the Asia-Pacific region in order to promote the cooperation and communication of ideas and data by supporting project scientists, workshops and visiting scientists.     

Eddy flux corrections for CO2 exchange in broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest of Changbai Mountains

Based on analysis of mechanisms causing energy no-closure and nocturnal low fluxes issues for CO2 exchange studies by eddy covariance method, corrections were done with the raw data sets obtained from Changbai Mountains forest flux site, to evaluate the impacts of sonic anemometer tilt, frequency response limitations and advection on estimation of CO2 exchange, respectively. The results show that the planar fit coordinate transforming method is superior to the streamline coordinate transforming method in tilt correction. The latter could cause a systematical underestimation of eddy fluxes relating with the angle of sensor and terrain tilt. The underestimation of CO2 and energy fluxes for frequency response limitations average 3.0% and 2.0% during daytime, respectively, which increase by 9.0% and 5.5% during nighttime, respectively. The corrections of frequency response limitations are closely related to atmospheric stability. The advection loss of CO2 fluxes is dominated by nocturnal vertical advection, which is at least 18% when the horizontal advection is neglected. It is suggested that more work be done to understand the characteristics of horizontal advection and turbulent eddies under a complexcircumstance.     

Meteorological control on CO2 flux above broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in Changbai Mountains

The impacts of temperature, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on CO2 flux above broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in the Changbai Mountains were studied based on eddy covariance and meteorological factors measurements.The results showed that, daytime CO2 flux was mainly controlled by PAR and they fit Michaelis-Menten equation. Meanwhile VPD also had an influence on the daytime flux. Drier air reduced the CO2 assimilation of the ecosystem, the drier the air, the more the reduction of the assimilation. And the forest was more sensitive to VPD in June than that in July and August. The respiration of the ecosystem was mainly controlled by soil temperature and they fit exponential equation. It was found that this relationship was also correlated with seasons; respiration from April to July was higher than that from August to November under the same temperature. Daily net carbon exchange of the ecosystem and the daily mean air temperature fit exponential equation. It was also found that seasonal trend of net carbon exchange was the result of comprehensive impacts of temperature and PAR and so on. These resulted in the biggest CO2 uptake in June and those in July and August were next. Annual carbon uptake of the forest ecosystem in 2003 was -184 gC. m-2.