The impact of soil moisture on dispersion-related characteristics

This study investigates the impact of soil moisture availability on dispersion-related characteristics: surface fric-tion velocity (u*), characteristic scales of temperature and humidity (T* and q*), the planetary boundary layer height (h) and atmospheric stability classified by Monin-Obukhov length (L), Kazanski-Monin parameter (μ) and convective velocity scale (w*) during daytime convective condition using a one-dimensional primitive equation with a refined soil model.     

柴达木盆地及邻区主要活动断裂及其与地震的关系

本文根据野外调查资料及重力、航磁等资料,对柴达木盆地及其邻区的主要活动断裂的大地构造位置、产状、深度和第四纪活动特点等进行了分析研究,並讨论了这些断裂与地震活动的关系。这一地区的地震活动强度与断裂深度有关,具左旋运动特征的全新世近东西向活断层与强地震活动的关系最为密切。     

粮仓温度微机自动监测系统的设计研究

本文介绍了作者研制CW—1型微机测温系统的设计方法,着重介绍了在提高测温精度和联网通信方面采取的技术关键。     

数字成象系统调制传递函数的测定及应用

本文首次探讨了数字成象系统调制传递函数的测定方法及应用。试验结果表明:该测定方法不仅合理可行,而且强有力地证明了MTF的应用价值。即不仅用于象质的评价,而且为成象系统的检定和调试提供了新的技术手段。     

北秦岭—北祁连(天水—宝鸡)间早生古代火山岩系及其构造连接关系的研究

依据新发现的生物化石和同位素数据,将分布在陕、甘边界一带的原“牛头河群”哑岩系分解为元古代陇山群、秦岭群和早古生代葫芦河群与丹凤群(西延部分)。葫芦河群为北祁连加里东褶皱带的东廷部分,除局部为晚期宝鸡花岗岩侵位间隔外,基本上可与北秦岭地区的古生代斜峪关群相连接,在研究区内与北秦岭地区的奥陶纪草滩沟群,呈以寒武系为核心、两翼为奥陶系火山岩的复式背斜构造。解体后秦岭群呈断续相连的古老岩块,向西可与祁连中间隆起相衔接,丹风群向西延展可伸入祁连造山带的陇西一带,初步认为陇山群与走廊过渡带内的古老隆起相当。据早古生代葫芦河群及其火山岩系的研究,笔者发现从秦安至宝鸡,有近100km的基性枕状熔岩带,并依其相伴产出的超镁铁质-镁铁质(似)堆晶岩、辉绿岩墙及硅质岩等岩石组合单元,认为属与北祁连和北秦岭北带相当的蛇绿岩带。西延的丹凤群亦主要为火山岩(包括枕状熔岩)与超镁铁岩等岩石单元组成的蛇绿岩带。据此提出,北秦岭与北祁连不但是相互连接的,而且具有中间为古老隆起(秦岭群)岩块、两侧为早古生代火山岩(蛇绿岩)带的相同构造格架组合型式,同为我国华北与扬子板块间的碰撞拼合带产物。早古生代火山岩岩石学研究表明,各岩群皆以拉斑质(TH)+钙碱质(CA)岩石系列组合为主,部分岩群的钙碱系列呈双峰岩套特征,显示为岛弧或岛弧初期与裂谷末期阶段活动构造背景。依区内已知超镁铁岩体多呈断裂构造及其旁支系统产生情况,提出为岛弧根部或上地幔物质,受南、北板块碰撞挤压,沿断裂上升就位机制所形成。此外,对区内已知与火山岩有关的块状硫化物型矿床的矿床类型、特征和成矿规律等进行了研讨,提出它们的岩控和时控特征和一些发现新矿床可能性的远景地段。     

Biological marker compounds as indicators of the depositions! history of the Maoming oil shale

The Eocene Maoming oil shale from Guangdong Province occurs as a laterally uniform stratigraphic section, typically 20–25 m thick, from which the aliphatic hydrocarbon constituents of six representative samples were investigated using GC and C-GC-MS. The sediments evaluated included the basal lignite, a vitrinite lens from the overlying claystone, and four intervals from the massive oil shale bed. As expected, the lignite and vitrinite differ markedly from the oil shales. The lignite is dominated by bacterial hopanoids and components of higher plant origin, including C₂₉ steroids and triterpenoids such as oleanenes. Visually, the oil shale samples show corroded and degraded phytoclasts, spores, wispy particles of fluorescent organic material attributable to dinoflagellates and, especially in the uppermost sample, colonial algal bodies. The distributions of biological markers in the oil shales show many features in common, notably a dominance of dinoflagellate-derived 4-methylsteroids, and a significant proportion of higher-plant derived n-alkanes with marked odd-over-even carbon number predominance. Overall, they exhibit several features that resemble characteristics of the Messel shale. The hydrocarbons of the lowest shale horizon suggest that there may have been a gradual transition between deposition of the original peat and the subsequent oil shales. The aliphatic hydrocarbons of the uppermost shale are dominated by a number of C₃₁ and C₃₃ botryococcane homologues and other unusual branched alkanes possibly derived from green algae. All of the samples are immature. Overall, molecular and microscopic examination of the stratigraphic succession of the Maoming oil shale suggests a shallow, lacustrine environment within which peats were deposited. This lake subsequently deepened to support abundant algal populations, especially dinoflagellates, culminating in a dominance of botryococcoid algae.     

古风化壳是碳酸盐岩一个重要的储集层(体)类型

大量含油气区的勘探开发证明，古风化壳是碳酸盐岩一个重要的储集层（体），作者以塔里木盆地下古生界古风化壳储集层（体）为基础，结合鄂尔多斯地区和任丘油田，从地层、岩矿组成、成岩作用、古岩溶、垂向结构、储集性能、测井曲线、地震反射和含油气性诸方面进行了详细研究，大量资料证明，古风化壳是经长期表生成岩作用形成的特有的地质体，其内部具有特有的分带性结构和含油气性，用岩溶并不能代表它的特殊性和整体概念，应黎     

非渠化海相碳酸盐岩滩储集地质体的构型研究

１９８５年Ｍｉａｌｌ创立于河流沉积体系的构型单元分析方法可通过旋回性分级特征运用于非渠化海相碳酸盐岩滩沉积体中，并且在构型界面和构型 与河流沉积体的划分可进行对比，所获得的非均质性储层地质模型表明，沉积体最小的均一性单元是由二级界面所限定的较小规模中层型，该构型规模以上的非均质性特征受构型界面级次和构型单元多样性的控制。     

滇西南澜沧江带热水塘下二叠统沉积特征及构造古地理意义

热水塘下二叠统位于滇西南澜沧江带西区，为一套弧前深水斜坡盆地环境的碎屑浊流、等深流沉积组合，其物源主要来自东侧的大陆火山岛弧。它们和更东的龙洞河组，形成澜沧江带海西期“弧前－火山弧－弧后”的构造古地理格局，表明思茅地块西侧在晚石炭世－早二叠世为活动大陆边缘，标志着滇西南古特提斯洋板块自西向东的俯冲作用。     

当代造山带研究中值得重视的若干前沿问题

当代造山带研究正从以往以阐明板块运动历史和板块边界相互作用为主，转向并进入到了阐明造山带岩石圈及其之下地幔系统中各层圈相互作用过程和动力学的新阶段，大陆动力学正成为造山带研究的主要指导思想。在这种形势下，造山带研究正围绕着下列前沿问题展开工作：（１）碰撞后的造山过程：拆沉作用、伸展垮塌和深变质岩剥露；（２）造山带之下地幔的结构和演化；（３）壳内软层的性质和动力学作用；（４）造山带地壳的精细构造和演化；（５）巨量花岗岩的成因和侵位动力学；（６）沉积作用与造山过程：根据沉积特征对造山过程、造山事件的恢复再造；（７）新元古代超大陆。