地统计学方法在土壤学中的应用

地统计学目前在土壤科学中得到广泛的应用和发展,成为认识土壤特征的一个重要工具.地统计学的空间变异函数和克里格插值等方法是土壤性状分析的主要手段,空间变异函数主要用于描述土壤理化性状空间变异特性,不同的插值方法可优化田间试验设计和田间采样方案,克里格插值方法则特别适用于未测量点土壤属性值的估测等.近年插值方法又被广泛应用于确定区域土壤环境容量和土壤质量标准,随机模拟则用于对土壤特性进行不确定性估计等.因而,地统计学方法对我国大量土壤学资料的整合与分析具有极大的应用前景.     

右江盆地三叠纪岩层极低级变质作用及地球动力学意义

 右江盆地三叠纪槽盆相浊流沉积岩系遭受过区域极低级变质作用。依据地质观察和伊利石结晶度、绿泥石-云母堆垛集合体、标志性粘土矿物及白云母(伊利石)b0参数测定资料,阐述了泥质岩石的成岩变质作用经浅层(近)变质作用到浅变质作用的转换特征。变质温度区间为150-350℃,低压类型,具高地温梯度(40-43℃/km).变质级及亚带总体与地层时代及岩层在地层柱中的位置有耦合关系,而与区域变形强度无关。最后指出区域极低级变质作用是印支-燕山构造旋回早期及区域变形前的地质事件,属于地壳伸展构造背景下右江边缘型盆地内部的埋藏型变质作用。     

基于遥感数据的青藏高原热环境调查

本文以地球系统科学和地球力学为理论基础,以遥感(RS)、地理信息系统(GIS)、全球定位系统(GPS)为技术支撑,利用亚东-格尔木-锡铁山走廊域的地学剖面实测温度数据和青藏高原MODIS遥感影像数据,分析研究了青藏高原亚东-格尔木-锡铁山走廊域的热环境特征.通过研究表明,研究区域内热环境总体分布规律为中东部最高,东南部次之,西北部最低.     

基于EOF分析对南海西北海域水体光谱特性的研究

This study presents an analysis of the spectral characteristics of remote sensing reflectance(R_(rs)) in northwestern South China Sea based on the in situ optical and water quality data for August 2018.R_(rs)was initially divided into four classes,classes A to D,using the max-classification algorithm,and the spectral properties of whole R_(rs) were characterized using the empirical orthogonal function(EOF) analysis.Subsequently,the dominant factors in each EOF mode were determined.The results indicated that more than 95% of the variances of R_(rs) are partly driven by the back-scattering characteristics of the suspended matter.The initial two EOF modes were well correlated with the total suspended matter and back-scattering coefficient.Furthermore,the first EOF modes of the four classes of R_(rs)(A-D R_(rs)-EOF_1) significantly contributed to the total variances of each R_(rs) class.In addition,the correlation coefficients between the amplitude factors of class A-D R_(rs)-EOF_1 and the variances of the relevant water quality and optical parameters were better than those of the unclassified ones.The spectral shape of class AR_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of chlorophyll a and colored dissolved organic matter(CDOM).The spectral shape of class B R_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the absorption characteristic of CDOM since it exhibited a high correlation with the absorption coefficient of CDOM(a_g(λ)),whereas the spectral shape of class C R_(rs)-EOF_1 was governed by the back-scattering characteristics but not affected by the suspended matter.The spectral shape of class D R_(rs)-EOF_1 exhibited a relatively good correlation with all the water quality parameters,which played a significant role in deciding its spectral shape.     

Dependence of Tropical Cyclone Intensification on the Latitude under Vertical Shear

The sensitivity of tropical cyclone (TC) intensification to the ambient rotation effect under vertical shear is investigated. The results show that the vortices develop more rapidly with intermediate planetary vorticity, which suggests an optimal latitude for the TC development in the presence of vertical shear. This is different from the previous studies in which no mean flow is considered. It is found that the ambient rotation has two main effects. On the one hand, the boundary layer imbalance is largely controlled by the Coriolis parameter. For TCs at lower latitudes, due to the weaker inertial instability, the boundary inflow is promptly established, which results in a stronger moisture convergence and thus greater diabatic heating in the inner core region. On the other hand, the Coriolis parameter modulates the vertical realignment of the vortex with a higher Coriolis parameter, favoring a quicker vertical realignment and thus a greater potential for TC development. The combination of these two effects results in an optimal latitude for TC intensification in the presence of a vertical shear investigated.     

榆神矿区基岩顶面土层缺失机理分析及其防治水意义

为研究榆神矿区局部基岩顶面中新世-中更新世土层缺失的机理及其与矿井涌水灾害的关系,采用地质钻探、野外观测、数理统计的方法分析了基岩顶面标高与残留土层厚度的关系,运用\     

火力发电厂大型接地网与防雷检测实践

通过火力发电厂大型接地网与防雷检测实践,对气象部门涉足较少的电力生产企业防雷检测进行了有益的探索。文章介绍了火力发电厂生产系统流程和结构特点,以及电力系统安全作业要求,确定了重点检测区域、检测方法、检测标准和检测周期要求。为火力发电厂大型接地网防雷检测工作提供参考。     

The 2020/21 Extremely Cold Winter in China Influenced by the Synergistic Effect of La Niña and Warm Arctic

In the first half of winter 2020/21,China has experienced an extremely cold period across both northern and southern regions,with record-breaking low temperatures set in many stations of China.Meanwhile,a moderate La Ni?a event which exceeded both oceanic and atmospheric thresholds began in August 2020 and in a few months developed into its mature phase,just prior to the 2020/21 winter.In this report,the mid?high-latitude large-scale atmospheric circulation anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere,which were forced by the negative phase of Arctic Oscillation,a strengthened Siberian High,an intensified Ural High and a deepened East Asian Trough,are considered to be the direct reason for the frequent cold surges in winter 2020/21.At the same time,the synergistic effect of the warm Arctic and the cold tropical Pacific(La Ni?a)provided an indispensable background,at a hemispheric scale,to intensify the atmospheric circulation anomalies in middle-to-high latitudes.In the end,a most recent La Ni?a prediction is provided and the on-coming evolution of climate is discussed for the remaining part of the 2020/21 winter for the purpose of future decision-making and early warning.     

1995—2010年静止卫星云量数据检验和评价

对利用FY2和GMS静止气象卫星建立的东亚地区气候数据集(EAGSCDR FY2 and GMS Geostationary Satellite Climate Data Record over East Asia)进行了检验和评估,使用的检验源数据包括中国地面气候资料与国际卫星云气候计划ISCCP D2月平均云量数据集.对由上述3种不同观测手段得到的多年平均总云量的空间分布特征分析结果表明:3种资料的总云量分布形势有较好的一致性,但是在40°N以北地区,ISCCP和EAGSCDR得到的总云量在量值上高于地面观测值.用地面观测资料检验华南及长江流域EAGSCDR的云检测产品的结果表明,总的准确率为82.10％,总漏判率6.85％,总误判率为11.05％,秋冬季节准确率偏低.EAGSCDR与ISCCP云量都是由卫星资料处理得到的,二者差异主要来自算法的不同,检验结果表明,EAGSCDR中的云量产品精度优于ISCCP云量,并且其时间分辨率可达到1 h,空间分辨率达到5 km,由此可见,EAGSCDR的云产品比ISCCP云产品更有优势.