攀枝花地区地质研究新进展

本文简要介绍了在攀枝花1：5万区域地质调查中有关地层、沉积相、岩浆岩、变质岩、构造、矿产等方面所取得的一些进展和对一些岩石地层单位的时代归属和界线位置的修定结果。     

Research on Tectonic Features and Dynamics in the Northwestern Yunnan Extensional Region

The paper discusses the features of active tectonics,seismicity and neotectonic environment in the Northwestern Yunnan extensional region.The intensity of both tectonic activity and seismicity is strong near the south and north boundaries in the areas,but weak in the middle.The distribution of the strongest subsided areas,lacustrine terrace and Quaternary fold is characterized by the diagonal symmetry.Formation of extensional tectonics in the Northwestern Yunnan can be explained by passive model,experiencing the action of compressional force in the N-S direction and shear force in the SW-NE direction,and classified as a special pull-apart tectonics.The direction of the composite force is NNE,which is coincided with the results acquired by the methods of water-compressed rupture and physical modelling.     

滇西地热场特征

本文通过大量温泉资料的统计分析，探讨了滇西地区的水热活动特征。结合大地热流和地壳、上地幔热结构的研究，揭示了该区地热场基本状况，同时阐述了某些构造单元地热场差异的受控因素。     

北京平原区隐伏断裂晚第四纪活动特征的联合剖面研究

通过地形地质、化探、浅层物探、钻探和槽探等多手段的联合剖面探测研究，首次查明了夏垫隐伏断裂和南口－孙河隐伏断裂的准确位置及其活动性，发现上述隐伏断裂同时具有缓慢同生断裂运动和间隙性突发位错两种运动型式。夏垫隐伏断裂在距今５０００年以来有过两次与７级以上地震相当的突发性断层位错；南口－孙河隐伏断裂在最近的１．２万年以来仅发生一次约相当７级地震的突发性断裂位错。这表明，北京平原区的各个隐伏断裂自晚第四     

安徽沿江地区中生代岩浆岩的基本特点

长江中下游地区是我国著名的中生代铁铜成矿带，成矿与岩浆活动密切相关，沿近东西向的大陆深断裂或裂谷分布，我们称该带的岩浆岩为扬子岩浆岩带。安徽沿江地区处在扬子岩浆岩带的中段，岩石类型齐全，构造面貌比较清楚，最有代表性，是研究该带特点的一个窗口。我们通过近几年的研究，取得了一些新的进展，扼要报导如下。     

Estimation of the variation in apparent displacement along normal fault traces refracted by differential compaction

Initially planar fault surfaces can be refracted by differential compaction, sudden changes in the displacement gradient taking place at the contact of different lithologies. As a result, the original displacement pattern, e.g. a cone-type in an idealized case, can be changed into a zigzag-type, especially when the initial dip angle of the fault and differential compaction are high. Compared with pre- and syn-faulting compaction, post-faulting compaction is more likely to change the initial displacement pattern along normal faults which were active near the sediment surface. Based upon the assumption that compaction is homogeneous vertical strain, the original fault geometry and displacement pattern can be estimated by means of decompaction and related geometric calculations.     

铜陵鸡冠山岩体中的堆晶淬冷包体

安徽省铜陵市鸡冠山岩体中发现一种新型的岩石包体──堆晶淬冷包体。这是一种辉石堆晶岩，中粒，含辉石８０％，磷灰石８％，磁铁矿４％，基质８％。基质只存在于部分辉石粒间，以斜长石为主，细粒结构，向包体边缘变为微粒结构的淬火边。这是辉石等矿物堆积后，粒间熔体尚未固结时，被对流岩浆冲碎带向浅部骤冷形成的。包体与寄主岩石具有一致的辉石成分和Ｎｄ、Ｓｒ同位素初始比值，表明包体属同源包体。     

Homotopy scattering series for seismic forward modelling with variable density and velocity

We have derived a convergent scattering series solution for the frequency-domain wave equation in acoustic media with variable density and velocity. The convergent scattering series solution is based on the homotopy analysis of a vectorial integral equation of the Lippmann–Schwinger type. By using the Green's function and partial integration, we have derived the vectorial integral equation of the Lippmann–Schwinger type that involves the pressure gradient field as well as the pressure field from the wave equation. The vectorial Lippmann–Schwinger equation can in principle be solved via matrix inversion, but the computational cost of matrix inversion scales like $N^3$, where $N$ is the number of grid blocks. The computational cost can be significantly reduced if one solves the vectorial Lippmann–Schwinger equation iteratively. A simple iterative solution is the Born series, but it is only convergent when the scattering potential is sufficiently small. In this study, we have used the so-called homotopy analysis method to derive an iterative solution for the vectorial Lippmann–Schwinger equation which can be made convergent even in strongly scattering media. The computational cost of our convergent scattering series scales as $N^2$. Our algorithm, which is based on the homotopy analysis method, involves a convergence control operator that we select using hierarchical matrices. We use a three-layer model and a resampled version of the SEG/EAGE salt model to show the performance of the developed convergent scattering series.     

基础地理信息系统中图形数据库建立的方法与技术

介绍在ＭＧＥ环境下,建立城市基础地理信息系统图形数据库的基本原理与方法,着重介绍了为便于图形数据进入ＧＩＳ数据库,而进入的地物分层,分色处理,符号和线型的标准等技术。     

内蒙古霍各乞矿区含矿富石榴石岩晶体定量化结构分析及其意义

晶体粒度分布（CSD）是定量化分析火成岩和变质岩结构的重要手段。在变质岩中测量的CSD提供了有关变质过程中晶体成核和生长速率、生长时间的定量信息。文章选取内蒙古霍各乞二号矿床含矿富石榴石岩样品中石榴子石晶体为研究对象，在GIS软件和R语言的支持下，应用空间点模式分析、CSD分析、空间最邻近分析、空间多距离分析、Fry分析等综合方法，探讨了晶体空间数据和点空间数据表征的微结构变化特征，将CSD曲线分段变化记录的信息与地质演化历史联系起来。分段的CSD曲线记录了变质事件的叠加。不同形式的晶体粒度分布直接反映了区域变质岩与接触变质岩演化历史的差异。由于接触变质作用的高温阶段持续时间较短，因此产生的CSD曲线是线性的，不受退火的影响。而区域变质作用涉及长时间升温及其之后的冷却阶段，所以最初的线性CSD后来被退火改造为钟形曲线。含矿富石榴石岩样品的核密度和CSD分析结果显示了两个晶体群密度。分析认为一类晶体群可能与造山过程中的区域变质活动有关，另一类晶体群可能与大面积区域变质期后发生在特定位置的岩体侵入迅速升温的接触热变质事件有关。