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991.
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993.
塔里木盆地下志留统塔塔埃尔塔格组沉积体系及沉积模式 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
通过对塔里木盆地众多野外剖面详细观测及钻井岩心的详细观察,研究区下志留统塔塔埃尔塔格组主要沉积一套以砂、泥岩为主的碎屑岩,根据岩性特征、生物标志和地球物理特征,将塔里木盆地塔塔埃尔塔格组划分为滨岸和陆棚沉积体系,滨岸沉积体系进一步划分为无障壁海岸和有障壁潮坪沉积,陆棚沉积体系以浅水陆棚沉积为特征,并就各微相的岩石类型、粒度分布和沉积构造特征进行了详细的研究。在此基础上,分析了塔塔埃尔塔格沉积期的平面展布特征,总体格局为南北向分带,东西向展布为特征。同时建立了塔里木盆地塔塔埃尔塔格组滨岸、潮坪和滨岸-潮坪的沉积模式,在研究区以滨岸-潮坪的沉积模式为主。 相似文献
994.
灌浆工程为地下隐蔽工程,其地质条件约束着实际的现场施工工艺,且不同地质条件对应不同的岩石属性,并将直接影响着防渗帷幕的优化设计,同时地质条件分析不足也将给整个灌浆工程带来很多不确定的风险。目前,地质条件预测在隧洞开挖过程中的研究较充分,但在灌浆工程中地质因素的研究较少。本文以乌东德水电站大坝防渗帷幕工程为例,分析了对防渗帷幕成幕有影响的岩溶、角砾岩、断层、岩层走向与帷幕走向大角度相交及长大结构面等地质因素,并针对不同地质因素的特点,提出了采取浓浆回填、灌浆孔加密加深、灌浆压力及浆材动态调整等处理措施,为帷幕灌浆工程优化提供了必要支持。 相似文献
995.
为实现天然气水合物开采过程沉积物内甲烷气泄漏过程有效监测,设计了一种海床基原位电学监测方法。为界定该方法对不同模式泄露甲烷气的探测能力,以南海神狐海域天然气水合物试采区为研究区,构建相应地质及电阻率模型,模拟利用设计电学系统对其进行监测,计算得到不同采集参数的电阻率剖面,并对其进行对比分析。研究结果表明:海水层会在探测剖面上某深度区间内形成层状低阻异常带,对该深度区间有效电信号形成压制。将该异常带顶界深度定义为系统有效探测深度后,发现该深度受电极距直接影响,10 m极距偶极装置有效探测深度约为50 m。电学探测剖面对有效探测深度内分布的层状和团状甲烷气聚集区、慢速甲烷气泄露区、沿断层泄露的甲烷气区具有良好反映能力,数据处理得到的相对电阻率剖面与电学探测剖面相比能更好地反映甲烷气聚集区边界。该监测方法能够实时监测含气区空间变化。 相似文献
996.
GAO Xiang DING Kang REN Yu-gang FU Wen-tao DING Zhong-jun ZHAO Sheng-y LIU Bao-hua 《海洋工程》2017,31(5):618-623
China''s 7000 m manned submersible JIAOLONG carried out an exploration cruise at the Mariana Trench from June to July 2016. The submersible completed nine manned dives on the north and south area of the Mariana Trench from the depth of 5500 to 6700 m, to investigate the geological, biological and chemical characteristics in the hadal area. During the cruise, JIAOLONG deployed a gas-tight serial sampler to collect the water near the sea bottom regularly. Five days later, the sub located the sampler in another dive and retrieved it successfully from the same location, which is the first time that scientists and engineers finished the high accuracy in-situ deployment and retrieval using a manned submersible with Ultra-Short Base Line (USBL) positioning system at the depth more than 6600 m. In this task, we used not only the USBL system of the manned submersible but also a compound strategy, including five position marks, the sea floor terrain, the depth contour, and the heading of the sub. This paper introduces the compound strategy of the target deployment and retrieval with the practical diving experience of JIAOLONG, and provides a promising technique for other underwater vehicles such as manned submersible or Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV) under similar conditions. 相似文献
997.
Hydrology plays a dominant role in wetland plant distribution and microbial composition, but few studies explicitly attempted to relate the linkage between wetland vegetation and microbial community. The present study consisted of five wetland plant communities along three adjacent flood gradients zones (zone 1 dominated by Carex appendiculat, zone 2 dominated by Eleocharis ovate, and zone 3 dominated by Phragmites australis/Bidens pilosa/Calamagrostis angustifolia, which formed separate, monoculture patches). Gram negative and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) are more abundant in the site with short flooding period (zone 3) than in the site with long flooding period (zone 1), and they are also different in the P. australis, B. spilosa and C. angustifolia of zone 3. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) showed that the flooding period could explain 92.4% of variance in microbial composition. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) showed that available nitrogen (AN), total nitrogen (TN) and soil organic matter (SOM) could explain the 79.5% of variance in microbial composition among E. ovata, P. australis, B. pilosa and C. angustifolia. Results demonstrated that flooding period was the main factor in driving the microbial composition and plant-derived resources could influence soil microbial composition in the seasonally flooded zones. 相似文献
998.
Reponses and sensitivities of maize phenology to climate change from 1981 to 2009 in Henan Province,China 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
With the global warming, crop phenological shifts in responses to climate change have become a hot research topic. Based on the long-term observed agro-meteorological phenological data (1981–2009) and meteorological data, we quantitatively analyzed temporal and spatial shifts in maize phenology and their sensitivities to key climate factors change using climate tendency rate and sensitivity analysis methods. Results indicated that the sowing date was significantly delayed and the delay tendency rate was 9.0 d·10a-1. But the stages from emergence to maturity occurred earlier (0.1 d·10a-1<θ<1.7 d·10a-1, θ is the change slope of maize phenology). The length of vegetative period (VPL) (from emergence to tasseling) was shortened by 0.9 d·10a-1, while the length of generative period (GPL) (from tasseling to maturity) was lengthened by 1.7 d·10a-1. The growing season length (GSL) (from emergence to maturity) was lengthened by 0.4 d·10a-1. Correlation analysis indicated that maize phenology was significantly correlated with average temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration and growing degree days (GDD) (p<0.01). Average temperature had significant negative correlation relationship, while precipitation, sunshine duration and growing degree days had significant positive correlations with maize phenology. Sensitivity analysis indicated that maize phenology showed different responses to variations in key climate factors, especially at different sites. The conclusions of this research could provide scientific supports for agricultural adaptation to climate change to address the global food security issue. 相似文献
999.
Qinghua Lei Xiaoguang Wang Jiansheng Xiang John-Paul Latham 《Hydrogeology Journal》2017,25(8):2251-2262
A study about the influence of polyaxial (true-triaxial) stresses on the permeability of a three-dimensional (3D) fractured rock layer is presented. The 3D fracture system is constructed by extruding a two-dimensional (2D) outcrop pattern of a limestone bed that exhibits a ladder structure consisting of a “through-going” joint set abutted by later-stage short fractures. Geomechanical behaviour of the 3D fractured rock in response to in-situ stresses is modelled by the finite-discrete element method, which can capture the deformation of matrix blocks, variation of stress fields, reactivation of pre-existing rough fractures and propagation of new cracks. A series of numerical simulations is designed to load the fractured rock using various polyaxial in-situ stresses and the stress-dependent flow properties are further calculated. The fractured layer tends to exhibit stronger flow localisation and higher equivalent permeability as the far-field stress ratio is increased and the stress field is rotated such that fractures are preferentially oriented for shearing. The shear dilation of pre-existing fractures has dominant effects on flow localisation in the system, while the propagation of new fractures has minor impacts. The role of the overburden stress suggests that the conventional 2D analysis that neglects the effect of the out-of-plane stress (perpendicular to the bedding interface) may provide indicative approximations but not fully capture the polyaxial stress-dependent fracture network behaviour. The results of this study have important implications for understanding the heterogeneous flow of geological fluids (e.g. groundwater, petroleum) in subsurface and upscaling permeability for large-scale assessments. 相似文献
1000.
Huang Tianming Pang Zhonghe Li Jie Xiang Yong Zhao Zhijiang 《Hydrogeology Journal》2017,25(3):743-755
Hydrogeology Journal - Groundwater age has been used to map renewability of water resources within four groups: strong, partial, and rare renewability, and non-renewable. The Baiyang alluvial fan... 相似文献