顾及地物类别的倾斜摄影三维模型简化方法

基于倾斜摄影测量的三维建模已成为城市级实景三维建设的发展趋势。在城市三维模型中,由于植被表面不平整,需要用大量的三角面来刻画,但这并不是实景三维数据记录和表达的重点,并且大量的数据会给模型展示和应用带来很大的困难。因此,本文提出了一种顾及地物类别的倾斜摄影三维模型简化方法。首先,计算三维模型的纹理信息和几何信息,结合马尔可夫随机场(MRF)顾及空间一致性的优点提取植被;然后,采用二次误差测度(QEM)算法简化特定的植被区域;最后,对简化后的白膜模型进行纹理重映射。试验结果表明,本文方法能够准确提取并有效简化植被区域,纹理重映射的结果在外观上也与原始模型相差无几,取得了预期的良好效果。     

计算机评价信息系统的应用

本文论述了大学生身体素质达标计算和评价信息系统问题，作者对建立系统的目的、设计开发方法以及所需设备等作了扼要的介绍，以推动计算机在体育教育事业中的应用。     

倾斜摄影测量技术在大比例尺地形图测绘中的应用

作为国际测绘领域近些年新兴的高新技术,倾斜摄影测量技术已应用于城市快速三维建模中。由于目前常用的大比例尺地形图测绘方法不能同时满足快速成图的时间和成本要求,本文提出了一种利用倾斜摄影测量技术测绘大比例尺地形图方法,充分发挥无人机倾斜摄影测量技术灵活、成本低、高效的优点,倾斜影像可自动生成三维模型和点云,简化了后续绘图工作。评定试验得到的岢岚县大比例尺地形图可知,成果平面精度达到0.140 m,高程精度达到0.150 m,符合大比例尺地形图精度要求,适合快速测绘小区域大比例尺地形图。     

基于球面投影的单站地面激光点云直线段提取方法

由于激光点云离散分布于三维空间,导致特征计算困难,目前针对地面激光扫描点云的直线提取方法普遍存在计算量大、提取错误、或适应性不足等问题。本文提出了一种基于球面投影的单站地面激光点云直线段提取方法:首先将三维点云投影到球面上,球面投影后的三维点云保持了正确的邻接关系,同时也解决了三维数据计算量大的问题;然后,利用球面霍夫变换,正确提取球面投影后点云中的直线段特征;最后,利用稳健的直线拟合算法计算点云中的三维直线段参数。通过对室内室外场景数据的直线段提取试验及与商业软件Geomagic Studio等方法的对比试验,验证了本方法的正确性、适用性和准确性。     

基于消息调度的江西省天气雷达拼图技术方法

为提高多普勒天气雷达资料处理效率,基于消息中间件技术、数据缓存等技术,开展了雷达资料处理与组网拼图技术应用研究.采用RabbitM Q消息中间件,实现雷达资料质量控制、网格化处理、数据缓存等实时调度处理.采用多进程技术,实现雷达资料组网拼图和可视化绘制.在此基础上,构建分布式并行业务运行系统,对江西省8部多普勒天气雷达进行组网拼图处理,实时制作时空分辨率分别为6 m in和0.01°的雷达拼图产品.基于消息的雷达拼图技术显著提高了数据处理时效,满足了天气监测预警等精细化气象业务服务需求.     

基于Householder变换的模糊度规约算法

基于格进行整周模糊度估计时,为保证最近向量问题的计算效率,通常需首先对格基进行规约变换。设计了基于Householder变换的LLL规约算法(H-LLL),算法通过利用分解得到的上三角矩阵来构造规约变换矩阵,从而实现格基的大小规约和长度规约。利用实测数据与经典LLL规约算法进行了比较,结果表明两种方法规约效果相同,H-LLL规约更加高效。     

Paleoclimate and growth rates of speleothems in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula over the last two glacial cycles

Speleothem growth requires humid climates sufficiently warm to stimulate soil CO₂ production by plants. We compile 283 U/Th dates on 21 stalagmites from six cave systems in the NW coast of Spain to evaluate if there are patterns in stalagmite growth that are evidence of climatic forcing. In the oldest stalagmites, from marine oxygen isotope stage (MIS) 7–5, growth persists through the glacial period. Hiatuses and major reductions in growth rate occur during extreme minima in summer insolation. Stalagmites active during the last interglaciation cease growth at the MIS 5–4 boundary (74 ka), when regional sea-surface temperature cooled significantly. During MIS 3, only two stalagmites grew; rates were highest between 50 and 60 ka during the maximum in summer insolation. One stalagmite grew briefly at 41 ka, 36.5 and 28.6 ka, all during warm phases of the Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles. A pronounced Holocene optimum in stalagmite growth occurs from 9 to 6 ka. The cessation of most growth by 4.1 ka, coincident with broad increases in aridity over the Mediterranean and areas influenced by the North African Monsoon, suggest that regions such as NW Spain, with dominant Atlantic moisture sources, also experienced increased aridity at this time.     

Network analysis modeling towards GIS based on object-relation database

This paper compares the differences between the mathematical model in graph theory and GIS network analysis model. Thus it claims that the GIS network analysis model needs to solve. Then this paper introduces the spatial data management methods in object-relation database for GIS and discusses its effects on the network analysis model. Finally it puts forward the GIS network analysis model based on the object-relation database. The structure of the model is introduced in detail and research is done to the internal and external memory data structure of the model. The results show that it performs well in practice.     

Spatiotemporal changes in vegetation coverage and its driving factors in the Three-River Headwaters Region during 2000-2011

The Three-River Headwaters Region (TRHR),which is the source area of the Yangtze River,Yellow River,and Lancang River,is of key importance to the ecological security of China. Because of climate changes and human activities,ecological degradation occurred in this region. Therefore,"The nature reserve of Three-River Source Regions" was established,and "The project of ecological protection and construction for the Three-River Headwaters Nature Reserve" was implemented by the Chinese government. This study,based on MODIS-NDVI and climate data,aims to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in vegetation coverage and its driving factors in the TRHR between 2000 and 2011,from three dimensions. Linear regression,Hurst index analysis,and partial correlation analysis were employed. The results showed the following:(1) In the past 12 years (2000-2011),the NDVI of the study area increased,with a linear tendency being 1.2%/10a,of which the Yangtze and Yellow River source regions presented an increasing trend,while the Lancang River source region showed a decreasing trend. (2) Vegetation coverage presented an obvious spatial difference in the TRHR,and the NDVI frequency was featured by a bimodal structure. (3) The area with improved vegetation coverage was larger than the degraded area,being 64.06% and 35.94%,respectively during the study period,and presented an increasing trend in the north and a decreasing trend in the south. (4) The reverse characteristics of vegetation coverage change are significant. In the future,degradation trends will be mainly found in the Yangtze River Basin and to the north of the Yellow River,while areas with improving trends are mainly distributed in the Lancang River Basin. (5) The response of vegetation coverage to precipitation and potential evapotranspiration has a time lag,while there is no such lag in the case of temperature. (6) The increased vegetation coverage is mainly attributed to the warm-wet climate change and the implementation of the ecological protection project.     

Spatiotemporal changes in vegetation coverage and its driving factors in the Three-River Headwaters Region during 2000–2011简

The Three-River Headwaters Region （TRHR）, which is the source area of the Yangtze River, Yellow River, and Lancang River, is of key importance to the ecological secu- rity of China. Because of climate changes and human activities, ecological degradation oc- curred in this region. Therefore, ＂The nature reserve of Three-River Sou,＇ce Regions＂ was established, and ＂The project of ecological protection and construction for the Three-River Headwaters Nature Reserve＂ was implemented by the Chinese government. This study, based on MODIS-NDVI and climate data, aims to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in vegetation coverage and its driving factors in the TRHR between 2000 and 2011, from three dimensions. Linear regression, Hurst index analysis, and partial correlation analysis were employed. The results showed the following： （1） In the past 12 years （2000-2011）, the NDVI of the study area increased, with a linear tendency being 1.2%/10a, of which the Yangtze and Yellow River source regions presented an increasing trend, while the Lancang River source region showed a decreasing trend. （2） Vegetation coverage presented an obvious spatial difference in the TRHR, and the NDVI frequency was featured by a bimodal structure. （3） The area with improved vegetation coverage was larger than the degraded area, being 64.06% and 35.94%, respectively during the study period, and presented an increasing trend in the north and a decreasing trend in the south. （4） The reverse characteristics of vegetation cov- erage change are significant. In the future, degradation trends will be mainly found in the Yangtze River Basin and to the north of the Yellow River, while areas with improving trends are mainly distributed in the Lancang River Basin. （5） The response of vegetation coverage to precipitation and potential evapotranspiration has a time lag, while there is no such lag in the case of temperature. （6） The increased vegetation coverage is mainly attributed to the warm-wet climate change and the implementation of the ecological protection project.