2012年江苏扬州M 4.9地震前地磁垂直分量日变双低点异常

2012年6月13日和7月10日华东地区部分地磁台垂直分量日变形态出现双低点异常,首次异常出现后37天,于7月20日发生江苏扬州M 4.9地震,震中位于低点位移分界线附近。分析认为,在强震前由于应力变化,引起孕震体环境中介质电导率等电磁性质发生改变,区域地磁场垂直分量日变曲线出现相位和幅度变化,说明地磁垂直分量日变双低点异常与地震的孕育和发生相关。     

iTRAQ-based proteomic profiling of the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) gonad exposed to BDE-47

A recent study demonstrated that 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) may have an adverse effect on the reproduction in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma), but the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the protein expression profiles of male and female gonads of O. melastigma exposed to dietary BDE-47 at two dosages (0.65 and 1.30 μg/g/day, respectively) for 21 days. Extracted proteins were labeled with iTRAQ and analyzed on a MALDI TOF/TOF analyzer, as results, 133 and 144 unique proteins were identified in testis and ovary, respective, and they exerted dose- and sex-dependent expression patterns. In testis, among the 42 differentially expressed proteins; down-regulation of histone variants and parvalbumins implicated BDE-47 may disrupt the spermatogenesis and induce sterility in fishes. In ovary, 38 proteins were differentially expressed; the elevation of vitellogenins and apolipoprotein A–I expression indicated BDE-47 acts as an estrogen-mimicking compound and led to reproductive impairment in O. melastigma.     

2009年初内蒙古降水分布特征与成因

利用观测资料及NCEP再分析资料对2009年1—2月内蒙古地区降水异常的成因进行了初步分析。结果表明：2009年1—2月内蒙古西部、中部、东部偏南地区降水明显偏少,内蒙古东部偏北地区降水出现一定程度的增加。500 hPa高度距平特征表现为：以45°N为界,其南北两侧分别为正负距平区。这一环流特征是导致内蒙古东部偏北地区降水增多的原因之一,但对内蒙古中西部及东部偏南地区的降水异常并没有决定性的影响。内蒙古中部地区湿度条件和动力抬升条件均不利于降水,因而形成异常干旱;内蒙古东部偏南地区动力抬升条件有利于降水,但湿度条件不利于降水,实况降水的减少表明湿度条件是影响该地区降水的关键因素;内蒙古东北部地区湿度条件接近常年,而动力抬升条件明显有利于降水,因而导致降水增多。     

北祁连石居里地区Cu(Zn)-S矿床地质特征及综合成矿模式

文章主要论述了北祁连山西段石居里矿田内Ⅵ号沟、Ⅷ号沟、九个泉等矿床的基本地质特征，并与北祁连山东段老虎山地区银硐沟、猪嘴哑吧等矿床对比。结合其早古生代构造演化历史、古洋脊或弧间、弧后拉张环境确定矿床类型，将上述3个矿床归属为蛇绿岩Cu(Zn）－S型矿床（类塞浦路斯型）。建立综合成矿模式的基本要求：（1）矿床具有一定的时控性，有一定的含矿层位；（2）生长性断裂的积极参与；（3）海底火山喷发、喷气中心与次级盆地双向控制；（4）多元热流体成矿系统。     

内伶仃岛及其附近海面低层大气的平均结构

本文综合分析了内伶仃岛低空温、风探测资料和海岛及其附近海面大气边界层的平均结构,讨论了海陆环流,并把实测风速廓线与理论计算结果进行了比较。      

CPI values of terrestrial higher plant-derived long-chain n-alkanes: a potential paleoclimatic proxy

Carbon Preference Index (CPI values) of higher plant-derived long-chain n-alkanes extracted from 62 surface soil samples in eastern China exhibited a specific pattern of variations, namely gradual increase with the increasing latitudes. Such regular variations existed in both forest soil and grassland soil. Our data implied that CPI values of higher plant-derived long-chain n-alkanes had a certain connection with climatic conditions, and such a connection was not influenced by vegetation types. Together with previous data from marine sediments, loess/paleosol sequences, tertiary red clay and modern plants, our observation made us conclude that CPI values of higher plant-derived long-chain n-alkanes may be used as an excellent proxy for paleoclimatic studies.     

Acquiring high-resolution topography and performing spatial analysis of loess landslides by using low-cost UAVs

The Loess Plateau is a region in China prone to frequent geological disasters, where thousands of loess landslides can be found. Conventional field survey methods are inadequate for the requirements of fine spatial analysis of landslides. Due to its numerous advantages (fast, efficient, low cost, safe, and able to acquire high-resolution data), structure from motion (SfM) technique to photogrammetric orientation of flights and modeling applied to photographs taken by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with a camera has become a powerful new tool for the generation of high-resolution topography that has emerged in recent years, which has become a powerful new technique for acquiring high-resolution topographic data. In this study, we conducted nearly two months of field UAV surveys of loess landslides on the Loess Plateau, eventually established 3D digital models for 11 loess landslides, and produced high-resolution digital orthophoto maps (DOMs) and digital elevation models (DEMs). High-resolution spatial analysis of the loess landslides (mainly including characteristic parameter extraction, topography profile analysis, surface feature analysis, and hydrologic analysis) was performed using Agisoft PhotoScan, ArcGIS 10.2, Global Mapper 17, and Origin Pro 9.0. The UAV technique allows us to further understand the micro-level internal spatial and structural characteristics of loess landslides. Moreover, not only does it allow us to accurately measure the characteristic geometric parameters but also enables us to detect the surface details of loess landslides (e.g., textures, fissures, and micro-landforms). Manifestly, we can also deduce the original structural characteristics and possible inducement mechanism of landslides based on a combination of high-resolution data acquired by UAVs, proper ground surveys, and theoretical knowledge. In summary, the low-cost UAVs are highly and especially suitable for surveys and digital terrain analysis of landslides on the Loess Plateau with sparse vegetation.     

一次飞机严重积冰的天气条件和云微物理特征

利用2021年2月28日机载探测资料, 结合欧洲中期天气预报中心ERA5再分析资料、陕西省延安站探空资料, 分析飞机发生严重积冰的天气背景和云的宏微观结构特征。此次严重积冰天气是受高空槽、低空切变线、低空急流和地面冷锋共同影响的结果。ERA5再分析资料表明:过冷水大值区主要分布于锋区前部暖侧的700 hPa至600 hPa高度。探空资料表明:飞机探测区环境温度为-9~-3℃, 温度露点差为0℃, 具有发生严重积冰的温度和湿度条件。飞机遭遇严重积冰期间环境温度为-8~-5℃, 云粒子探头观测的液态水含量平均为0.35 g·m-3, 最大为0.7 g·m-3;总水含量仪观测的液态水含量平均为0.5 g·m-3, 最大为0.85 g·m-3, 有11 min大于0.45 g·m-3;云粒子中值体积直径平均为20.3 μm, 云粒子数浓度平均为149.3 cm-3;云粒子数浓度由低层到高层呈增大趋势, 而云粒子中值体积直径变化趋势与之相反。计算表明:国王350飞机在穿云作业时, 云中过冷水含量分别高于0.04 g·m-3, 0.15 g·m-3和0.45 g·m-3时可能遭遇轻度积冰、中度积冰和严重积冰。     

中国近海天然气水合物找矿前景

天然气水合物是一种新型能源，在海底沉积物和陆上永远冻土带中均有广泛分布。西太平洋是全球三大天然气水合物成矿带之一，在其中已发现许多水合物矿床或矿点。中国近海，包括南海、东海和台湾东部海域，具备良好的天然气水合物成矿条件和找矿前景，并已在这些海域中发现了一系列的找矿标志。南海的西沙海槽、台湾西南陆坡和台西南盆地、笔架南盆地及其东缘增生楔、东沙群岛东南坡、南部陆坡区，东海的冲绳海槽和台湾东北部海域是中国近海最有利的天然气水合物找矿远景区。     

西湖凹陷西次凹古近系花港组—平湖组深层油气成藏过程

西湖凹陷西次凹古近系花港组和平湖组深层油气资源丰富,是东海陆架盆地勘探开发新领域,受储层差异致密化影响,油气成藏机理复杂。为了厘清西次凹深层油气成藏过程,本文通过流体包裹体岩相学特征、显微测温、激光拉曼光谱、包裹体所含油气地球化学等实验分析,结合构造演化、地层埋藏史、热史等,开展了系统的储层特征、油气成藏期次、成藏过程研究。结果表明,花港组深层（>4000 m）和平湖组储层均已致密化,溶蚀孔隙是主要的储集孔隙类型;花港组和平湖组均发育两期油气包裹体,早期含油包裹体较多,晚期以天然气包裹体为主,成藏时间分别为龙井运动期和冲绳运动期,以晚期天然气成藏最为关键。包裹体中油气地球化学特征类似,反映生烃母质以高等植物生源为主,低等生物为辅,与平湖组煤系烃源岩特征一致。冲绳运动叠加平湖组生气增压是晚期天然气成藏的主要动力,此时H10段及以上储层未致密化。根据储层致密化与成藏时序匹配关系可将西次凹M构造深层油气藏类型划分为常规型、先成藏后致密型、先致密后成藏型和边成藏边致密型4种。本文成果可为研究区下一步致密砂岩气的勘探开发部署提供重要的理论依据。