广东长坑-富湾超大型独立银矿床Rb-Sr定年及形成分析

长坑-富湾超大型银矿床主要产在下石炭统灰岩与上三叠统页岩断层不整合面下的硅质岩及灰岩中,矿化多为脉状,主要由石英、方解石、方铅矿、闪锌矿及银矿物组成。成矿流体Rb-Sr 等时线年龄为68±8.5Ma,表明成矿发生在59.5-76.5 Ma 之间。(87Sr/86Sr)I= 0.7164.成矿流体δ18O 在-0.86‰-4.1‰之间,δD 在-39.8‰-59‰之间,表明成矿流体为循环大气降水或建造水。银矿床铅同位素组成和产于中新元古代地层中茶洞银矿床方铅矿的铅同位素组成基本一致。据成矿年龄、成矿流体氢氧同位素组成及铅同位素组成特点,认为长坑-富湾超大型独立银矿床是晚白垩世至第三纪火山及次火山活动加热循环大气降水及建造水溶解深部矿源岩中经过早期成矿富集的成矿物质,迁移至灰岩与硅质岩及硅质岩与页岩界面时沉淀析出形成的。     

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?????GEO??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????е????????????в???????????????????????????????????????????????????????в??????????????????????????AR????в??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ζ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????GEO?????????????Ч???     

桂林西北郊光明山峰丛坡地土壤210Pb与226Ra分布与迁移规律研究

利用单一210Pb技术来估算岩溶区土壤侵蚀、水土流失和泥沙来源等还存在一定问题。岩溶区土层厚度不一,难以准确地确定支持性210Pb放射比活度是制约该方法应用的一大关键问题。文章选取桂林西北郊光明山岩溶峰丛坡地的4个土壤剖面,测试了土壤剖面210Pb与226Ra放射性比活度,探讨其分布规律及影响因素,初步确定土壤中支持性210Pb放射性比活度。测试结果表明4个土壤剖面中210Pb垂向分布服从指数衰变规律, 226Ra放射性比活度随土壤深度增加基本不变。光明山峰丛山坡土壤中约95%的210Pbex主要聚集在0~10 cm深度处,地表20~30 cm以下基本为支持性210Pb。土壤中支持性210Pb放射性比活度约为56.60±11.97 Bq?kg-1,与226Ra放射性比活度值64.93±8.83 Bq?kg-1在误差范围内一致。进一步研究发现,土壤剖面中210Pb受研究区大气干湿沉降、植被覆盖类型、地形条件、土壤特性（特别是有机质）的影响。此外,研究区土壤剖面226Ra的差异主要与土壤特性和植被类型有关。      

Fate and transport of ethanol-blended dissolved BTEX hydrocarbons: a quantitative tracing study of a sand tank experiment

To estimate the behavior of ethanol-blended dissolved BTEX hydrocarbons in groundwater, a quantitative tracing study instead of qualitative analysis was carried out by using a large sand tank, into which 2-L solution including bromide, ethanol and dissolved BTEX was injected under a controlled hydraulic condition. Mean residence time (MRT), pore volume swept by solute (V _p), retardation coefficient (R) and biodegradation rate constant (k) of injected solutes were estimated. Compared with bromide that was used as a conservative tracer, ethanol and BTEX had shorter MRT and smaller V _p with the sequence of EtOH < T < E < m/p-X < o-X < B < Br. Biodegradation was confirmed as evidenced by the consumptions of dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate and sulfate, and the production of acetate. The sequence of k as EtOH > T > E > m/p-X > o-X > B was just opposite to the sequences of MRT and V _p. The relationship among above sequences implies that MRT and V _p can be used as indicators to assess in situ biodegradability of a solute. Biodegradation of a reactive solute can make its MRT shortened and V _p shrunk. In addition, the sorption of ethanol could be neglected (R = 1.0), whereas BTEX compounds were adsorbed (R = 1.04–1.15). It should be noted that biodegradation of a solute can affect the estimation of its retardation coefficient. To our knowledge, this paper provides an available route to quantitatively estimate biodegradability of a solute in groundwater.     

地质调查助力碳达峰碳中和目标实现的路径浅析

2030年前实现碳达峰,2060年前实现碳中和是2020年我国提出的国家重大战略目标.以当前我国的二氧化碳排放及能源结构现状,要实现这一伟大目标形势十分严峻.介绍了全球碳循环过程,阐述了碳源与碳汇对于大气CO2浓度的贡献,从减源与增汇2个方面,初步分析了地质调查在推动碳达峰与碳中和目标实现中的作用与可能的贡献,并提出了...     

中国东部古生界沉积-改造型铁矿床地质及成生机制

中国东部古生界沉积—改造型铁矿床含矿岩系基本上由细碎屑—碳酸盐岩组成,而且常与富铁白云岩共生。矿体产状多与围岩一致,呈沉积整合接触。矿床中普遍发育有后生“再造”型矿体,呈脉状叠加在层状矿体之上,有明显的穿层现象。 海解作用是沉积成矿的重要因素,再造成矿作用是在沉积富铁碳酸盐建造的基础上发生富铁碳酸盐矿物的重溶,铁质被搬运、迁移,最后在碱性或偏碱性围岩中重新沉淀出来。     

Using a maximum entropy model to optimize the stochastic component of urban cellular automata models

ABSTRACT

The stochastic perturbation of urban cellular automata (CA) model is difficult to fine-tune and does not take the constraint of known factors into account when using a stochastic variable, and the simulation results can be quite different when using the Monte Carlo method, reducing the accuracy of the simulated results. Therefore, in this paper, we optimize the stochastic component of an urban CA model by the use of a maximum entropy model to differentially control the intensity of the stochastic perturbation in the spatial domain. We use the kappa coefficient, figure of merit, and landscape metrics to evaluate the accuracy of the simulated results. Through the experimental results obtained for Wuhan, China, the effectiveness of the optimization is proved. The results show that, after the optimization, the kappa coefficient and figure of merit of the simulated results are significantly improved when using the stochastic variable, slightly improved when using Monte Carlo methods. The landscape metrics for the simulated results and actual data are much closer when using the stochastic variable, and slightly closer when using the Monte Carlo method, but the difference between the simulated results is narrowed, reflecting the fact that the results are more reliable.     

应用MATLAB设计高效多级抽取滤波器

介绍如何应用Matlab设计级联梳状(CIC)滤波器、半带滤波器和有限脉冲响应(FIR)滤波器。并设计了一种高效的多级抽取滤波器，将该算法用数字信号处理器(DSP)进行验证，结果表明，该多级抽取滤波器能满足地震数据采集系统的精度要求。     

我国华东地区气候变化与副高指数的小波分析

根据1951～2007年华东地区逐月平均气温和降水资料,在利用连续小波变换对华东地区的降水、气温与副高指数的时频变化特征进行分析的基础上,采用交叉小波变换方法分析了华东地区近57年的气候变化与副高之间的相关关系.结果表明,华东地区气候要素与副高指数距平序列都存在着不同时间尺度的周期分量,并且各周期分量的强度是不同的.其中以2～8年尺度的年际振荡较为明显,10年以上的年代际变化以1980年为突变点.     

近53a山西朔州市农业气候资源变化特征分析

根据山西省朔州市气象局1957～2009年气温、降水、初霜冻、终霜冻、无霜期、≥0℃和≥10℃积温等资料分析了朔州市近53 a来的气候变化.结果表明:朔州市年降水量呈下降趋势,气温则呈上升趋势.1998～2009年随着年平均气温的升高和降水的显著减少,初霜冻出现连续性明显偏晚;终霜冻出现偏早趋势,从1999～2009年...