Clustering of temporal event processes

A temporal point process is a sequence of points, each representing the occurrence time of an event. Each temporal point process is related to the behavior of an entity. As a result, clustering of temporal point processes can help differentiate between entities, thereby revealing patterns of behaviors. This study proposes a hierarchical cluster method for clustering temporal point processes based on the discrete Fréchet (DF) distance. The DF cluster method is divided into four steps: (1) constructing a DF similarity matrix between temporal point processes; (2) constructing a complete linkage hierarchical tree based on the DF similarity matrix; (3) clustering the point processes with a threshold determined by locating the local maxima on the curve of the pseudo-F statistic (an index which measures the separability between clusters and the compactness in clusters); and (4) identifying inner patterns for each cluster formed by a series of dense intervals, each of which contains at least one event of all processes of the cluster. The contributions of the article are: (1) the proposed DF cluster method can cluster temporal point processes into different groups and (2) more importantly, it can identify the inner pattern of each cluster. Two synthetic data sets were created to illustrate the DF distance between temporal point process clusters (the first data set) and validate the proposed DF cluster method (the second data set), respectively. An experiment and a comparison with a method based on dynamic time warping show that DF cluster successfully identifies the preconfigured patterns in the second synthetic data set. The cluster method was then applied to a population migration history data set for the Northern Plains of the United States, revealing some interesting population migration patterns.     

全国主要构造区GPS水平运动负位错反演与应变积累特性

利用2009～2011年全国GPS水平运动速度场资料,借助负位错反演,寻找新疆、青藏块体东北缘、川滇、华北地区主要活动断裂能量积累闭锁段,研究其积累速率、闭锁深度、分区分段差异性,及与强震孕育—发生的可能关系。结果表明:(1)新疆天山地区应变积累速率最强,平均闭锁深度也最深,约20.9km。其次为川滇地区,平均深度约16.3km。青藏块体东北缘存在一定程度应变积累,平均深度约15.7km。华北地区应变积累最弱,平均深度约16.0km;(2)南天山西段、川滇交界东部、红河断裂中段至滇西、祁连山断裂带西段、西秦岭北缘断裂甘青交界段、晋冀蒙交界区近期能量积累相对显著。     

考虑桥墩强震损伤的连续梁桥半主动控制策略

在连续梁桥的智能控制研究中,大多以控制梁的加速度和墩顶与梁间的相对位移为目的,而忽略了对桥墩损伤的控制。本文提出一种改进的半主动控制策略,通过在限界Hrovat最优半主动控制算法中引入桥墩的损伤指数,使桥梁的地震反应和桥墩的损伤同时得到控制。本文以一设置了磁流变(MR)阻尼器的两跨连续梁桥为研究对象,采用MATLAB进行数值模拟分析,对所提出的半主动控制策略进行了多种工况下的验证。计算结果表明,采用考虑损伤的半主动控制策略,能够在较好控制桥梁地震反应的同时,有效降低桥墩在强震过程中的损伤指数。     

天津市地震应急避难场所试点建设

天津市地震应急避难场所试点建设是“天津市地震安全基础工程”分项之一,由天滓市政府投资146万元。应急避难场所的建成给人民群众提供一个应对突发重大灾害性事件的临时安置场所。并且能在灾害发生后一段时期内,躲避由灾害带来的直接或间接伤害,使人民群众的基本生活得到保障。本文从建设内容、建设原则、主要功能与服务、主要成果与效益、问题与建议五个方面对试点建设情况进行了介绍与分析。     

Plant Species Richness Increased Belowground Plant Biomass and Substrate Nitrogen Removal in a Constructed Wetland

The effects of plant species richness on both above‐ and belowground plant biomass, plant nitrogen (N) pool size, and substrate N concentrations were studied in a full‐scale subsurface vertical‐flow constructed wetland (CW). Results showed that (i) plant species richness increased belowground plant biomass and its N pool size but had no effect on aboveground plant biomass and its N pool size; (ii) plant species richness increased substrate N removal, especially ammonium N removal; and (iii) plant species richness had no effect on plant N use efficiency, suggesting that the N pool size increased with increasing plant species richness. More N accumulation could be removed through harvesting plant biomass. We concluded that the N removal performance of the CW improved by plant species richness through increasing belowground biomass and relevant N pool size.     

跨断层形变的慢时变结构分析与异常识别初探

将自适应控制理论引入跨断层流动形变分析。利用甘肃及与宁夏、青海交界的监测区内石灰窑口、红柳峡、窝子滩、扁都口、南营5个场地典型观测曲线,构建慢时变前兆系统结构,研究其与6级左右及6级以上地震孕育-发生过程的可能关系。可显示震前中短期阶段最大特征根模1.0以上异常,异常识别较原始观测曲线分析减少了人为性与经验性,也反映出断层形变前兆系统结构的动态变化和自适应性。     

基于神经网络的房地产估价研究

根据房地产估价的特点将人工神经网络引入到房地产价格评估领域,创建了基于神经网络的房地产估价模型,在对训练样本验证结果分析的基础上,对两种神经网络估价模型进行了对比分析,指出了两种网络各自的优缺点以及改进措施。     

多基站逐次逼近定位算法研究

复杂网络环境下的终端定位,常会出现3G基站对AOA参量获取不足的情况,GSM基站无法提供足够数目的TOA/TDOA观测值来实现位置确认。针对提高混合网络环境中定位精度的问题,本文提出一种多基站逐次逼近的定位算法,该算法的优势在于逐次减小基站与移动台间的距离,使得信号测量误差随之降低。仿真结果表明,逐次逼近定位算法的评价误差较小,且有较高的稳定性,具有较好的推广前景。     

基于GIS的重庆市园林绿化管理信息平台研究

本文以重庆市为例,首先介绍了园林绿化管理信息平台建设的背景,对平台和数据库进行了整体设计;并对子系统划分和功能进行了详细阐述。基于GIS建设成果,建设了集园林数据采集、发布、各类展示系统于一体的重庆市园林绿化管理信息平台,为进一步业务建设和资源整合打下了良好基础。     

反射率因子和径向速度共同约束反演多普勒雷达风场

多普勒雷达可以提供降水回波区的风场信息。为了充分运用雷达资料分析中小尺度天气过程,本文假设反射率因子在短时间内的运动满足拉格朗日守恒,提出了采用连续两次的反射率因子回波和径向速度数据共同约束的方法来反演风场,在反演过程中避免了对径向速度的分布进行假设。针对连续两个时次之间反射率回波运动中产生的不同程度的误差做了模拟风场试验,结果表明,当回波运动随机误差不超过40%时,反演结果较为可靠。另外,本文还利用此风场反演方法进行两次中尺度天气过程的实例分析。结果表明,该方法反演的风场与实际风场结构相符,具有一定的应用价值。