乌梁素海氮污染及其空间分布格局

针对草型富营养化湖泊乌梁素海富营养化日趋严重和湿地面积逐渐萎缩的现实,本文系统地研究了TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N和Org-N在上覆水与沉积物中的分布规律。结果表明,上覆水中TN含量平均为1.78mg/L,且无机氮污染以NH4+-N为主,占无机氮总量的69%以上;表层沉积物中氮素的水平分布格局均体现出西高东低的经向分异特征并主要以Org-N的形式存在;表层沉积物中TN对底栖生物已经具有一定的生态毒性效应并正由最低级向严重级过渡;氮素在乌梁素海沉积剖面上均表现出随深度增加而含量递减的规律,表层0¹0cm的TN平均含量达到1.28g/kg,分别为10²2cm和22⁴0cm的1.6和1.9倍,揭示了乌梁素海富营养化进程加速始于20世纪90年代。     

基于加权水平精度因子的伪卫星基站选择方法

提出一种以加权水平精度因子为依据的基站选择方法,该方法根据基站和用户的相对位置给予每个基站不同的权值,降低测量误差较大的基站被选中参与定位的可能性。通过对伪距测量误差数学模型的分析,推导伪卫星定位系统加权矩阵,并设计了基于基站对WHDOP贡献的基站选择方法。仿真结果表明,该方法能更加高效、准确地实现伪卫星基站的选择,降低接收机的计算量,提高系统的定位精度。     

Distribution Patterns of Major and Trace Elements and Provenance of Surface Sediments on the Continental Shelf off Western Guangdong Province and Northeastern Hainan Island

A coupled approach based on grain size and geochemical elements is used to trace the provenance of surface sediments and to confirm the distribution patterns of grain size and elements on the continental shelf off western Guangdong Province and northeastern Hainan Island. The mean grain size ranges from 0.05 φ to 7.28 φ with a mean value of 5.60 φ. The average concentrations of major elements descend in the order of SiO_2Al_2O_3CaOFe_2O_3K_2OMgONa_2OTiO_2 P_2O_5 MnO, while those of trace elements exhibit a descending order of Sr Rb Zn V Cr Pb Ni Cu As Cd. On the basis of the distribution patterns of elements and results of statistical analysis, the study area is classified into three zones. Zone I locates on the continental shelf off western Guangdong Province, and the sediments are mainly from Pearl River, Taiwanese rivers, and small rivers nearby. Zone II locates in the eastern exit of Qiongzhou Strait and the coastal area off Leizhou Peninsula, and the sediments are mainly from the erosion products of Qiongzhou Strait and Hainan Island. Zone III locates off the eastern Hainan Island and the continental shelf deeper than-50 m isobaths, and the sediments are mainly from Hainan Island and coral reef. The influence from open water should also be considered. Results indicate that the grain size is the main controlling factor for major and trace element contents and that anthropogenic impact and biological activity also play an important role in the distribution of these elements.     

青海省祁连县黑刺沟金矿地质特征及找矿前景

黑刺沟金矿区位于托莱山成矿带之中西部,区内NWW,NW,近NE向断裂及次级构造发育;成矿地质背景良好。为查明区内成矿地质条件,扩大找矿前景,采用激电中梯测量与探矿工程相结合的方法,圈定了8条矿化蚀变体13条金矿体,其中⑤号矿体是区内主要矿体,金品位(1.05～3.42)×10~(-6),平均品位1.59×10~(-6)。矿体呈透镜状、脉状,产状与断裂构造蚀变带产状基本一致,含矿岩石为凝灰质碎裂岩、构造角砾岩,围岩为早奥陶世阴沟群片理化凝灰岩、安山质凝灰岩,围岩蚀变主要为硅化、黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化、褐铁矿化。该文在阐述黑刺沟金矿床地质特征的基础上,总结了找矿标志和控矿因素,认为找矿潜力较大。     

Formation of an anticyclonic eddy and the mechanism involved: a case study using cruise data from the northern South China Sea

Data from satellite altimetry and in situ observations together with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model(HYCOM)reanalysis data were used to investigate the mechanism and formation of an anticyclonic eddy in the northeastern South China Sea(SCS).Analysis of water mass using cruise data indicated that the water captured in the eddy differs from those in the SCS,the Kuroshio intrusion,and the eddy-forming region.Data from sea surface height(SSH)and sea level anomaly(SLA)indicate that the eddy formed due both to the Kuroshio intrusion and the local circulation in the SCS.The Kuroshio intrusion is present at the start of the eddy growth(March 5-9)before Kuroshio leaps the Luzon Strait.The eddy then becomes larger and stronger in the absence of the Kuroshio intrusion.From the eddy budget of the HYCOM reanalysis data,the formation of the eddy goes in three steps.By the third step,the eddy had become affected by variations of local SCS circulation,which is more strongly than in the first step in which it is affected more by the Kuroshio intrusion.The variability of the temperature and salinity inside the eddy provide a support to this conclusion.The water in the SCS intruded into the eddy from the southeast,which decrease the salinity gradually in the southern part of the eddy during the growth period.     

The Light Regime Effect on Triacylglycerol Accumulation of Isochrysis zhangjiangensis

Stress state of microalgal cells is caused under unfavorable conditions such as disordered light regime and depleted nitrogen. The stress state can impair photosynthetic efficiency, inhibit cell growth and result in the accumulation of triacylglycerol(TAG) from protective mechanisms. Continuous light or nitrogen starvation was applied on microalgae and performed effectively on inducing TAG production. To evaluate the light regime effect on inducing TAG production, the effect of different light regimes on nitrogen-starved Isochrysis zhangjiangensis was investigated in this work. The continuous light and nitrogen starvation elevated TAG content of biomass by 73% and 193%, respectively. Furthermore, the TAG accumulation of I. zhangjiangensis cell under nitrogen starvation decreased under aggravated stress from continuous illumination. Our results demonstrated that culturing the cells with 14 L: 10 D light regime under nitrogen starvation is the optimal mode to achieve maximal accumulation of TAG. A recovery in light regime was necessary for I. zhangjiangensis cultivation.     

遥感技术在泰山区域矿山环境治理修复工程的监测应用

区域矿山环境治理修复是国土空间修复的主要形式和内容,是生态文明建设的重要组成部分。遥感技术是获取生态修复治理信息和效果的主要途径之一。该文以泰山区域矿山环境治理修复工程为研究区域,提出一种利用遥感技术方法为主,结合往年资料提取矿山地质环境变化信息,对修复过程进行监测,对修复效果进行分析的方法。     

κ-卡拉胶对马氏珠母贝肌肉水溶性蛋白稳定性的影响

【目的】探究Kappa-卡拉胶对马氏珠母贝肌肉水溶性蛋白稳定性的影响,为进一步开发利用马氏珠母贝肉以及改善水产肌肉蛋白加工特性提供数据参考。【方法】以马氏珠母贝肌肉水溶性蛋白(WSP)为研究对象,采用浊度法、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)分析不同pH值条件下,热处理前后kappa-卡拉胶对WSP稳定性的影响,同时利用凝胶过滤层析对WSP进行了初步的分离及分子质量分布分析。【结果】热处理前后,在酸性条件下(pH<4.0)添加了kappa-卡拉胶的胶体蛋白混合体系(K-WSP)透光率均下降;热处理前,pH4.0～5.0范围内,与WSP对照,K-WSP混合体系透光率上升,而pH> 5.0条件下,kappa-卡拉胶对WSP体系透光率无显著性影响;热处理后,pH 4.0～7.5范围内,与WSP对照,K-WSP混合体系透光率上升,而pH>8.0条件下,kappa-卡拉胶对WSP体系透光率无显著性影响。SDS-PAGE结果显示:热处理前,酸性pH条件下与未添加WSP相比较,K-WSP在35 ku附近条带较多。热处理后,WSP和K-WSP的大分子蛋白组分(200、116 ku)均基本发生了热变性。WSP分离纯化曲线显示出两个组分,分子质量分别分布于200～35 ku和35～14.4 ku。【结论】pH值4.0～5.0条件下,kappa-卡拉胶对WSP的热稳定性有一定促进作用。     

基于Pix4Dmapper的无人机低空摄影测量数据处理

随着科技发展,无人机的使用就像汽车一样应用于各个领域,成熟的航空摄影测量理论为无人机在测量方面的使用提供了坚实的基础,而后处理成像软件通过提供三维模型来实现数据的精确可视化,更进一步提高了无人机的有效性。本文利用航空摄影测量的中心投影原理,提出基于Pix4Dmapper的无人机低空摄影测量数据处理流程,对经过空中三角测量和相机校准的航摄像片经过光束法区域网平差、空三加密、点云编辑、滤波处理,生成高精度的Google瓦片、正射影像图(DOM)、三维点云模型、数字表面模型(DSM)、数字高程模型(DEM)、数字地面模型(DTM),经过多次应用表明:处理成果能够满足应用需求,极大促进了摄影测量技术的发展。